GEOL 1340 Exam1 Questions and Answers Latest Update 2025 (Already Passed)
What is Science? - Answers studies the natural world on scales ranging from the universe to subatomic
particles
A way of thinking - Answers in the pursuit of understanding nature
A way of investigating - Answers claims about natural phenomenon
A body of knowledge - Answers resulting from scientific inquiry
Scientific Inquiry Often Uses Both - Answers Inductive And Deductive Reasoning
Induction: - Answers Making generalizations from specific observations
Deduction - Answers Making predictions (deductions) from pre-existing generalizations
example of induction - Answers It has been observed that the farther galaxies are from Earth, the faster
they are moving away: The universe is expanding
example of deduction - Answers A meteorologist will look at certain weather patterns and, based on
prior experience, predict that it will rain later today
One Goal Of Science Is To - Answers Describe And Predict Events In Nature Using A Scientific Method
Scientific data should be - Answers 1.Representative and unbiased 2.Reproducible
3.Accurate and precise
An observation that has been repeatedly confirmed is considered a - Answers Scientific Fact
Collection of data & Analysis of data are examples of - Answers inductive
Development of a Hypothesis
Testing of Hypothesis
Verification, modification, or rejection of hypothesis
Development of a Theory is examples of - Answers deductive
A Theory Is: - Answers A well tested and widely accepted view that scientists agree best explain certain
observational facts
the hypotheses from which it grew, it must also be - Answers testable and falsifiable
Earth Systems Science is a way of - Answers asking and answering questions about the physical universe
Earth is a planet that is - Answers small and self-contained
, Earth's spheres (reservoirs): - Answers Lithosphere (solid
Earth)
• Cryosphere
• Hydrosphere
• Atmosphere
• Biosphere
Earth Cycles - Answers A cycle is the continuous process by which matter and materials are circulated or
recycled throughout the Earth
Earth Systems Powered By - Answers Heat Engines
Heat engine converts thermal energy into - Answers kinetic energy
earths external heat engine is powered by - Answers the sun that drive the earths fluid envelopes
earths internal heart engines is powered by - Answers geothermal heat that drives cycles within the
solid earth
Open system: - Answers Energy and matter flow into and out of system
Closed system: - Answers System shut off from surrounding environment
Time Scales Of Interaction - Answers ATMOSPHERE: Seconds to Days • OCEANS: Hours to Centuries
Negative feedback: - Answers A change in the system triggers one or more mechanisms that reverses
that change
How The Atmosphere Affects Earth's Surface
positive feedback - Answers A change in the system triggers one or more mechanisms that further
enhances or drives that change
Steady-state condition: - Answers Energy and material in the system remains balanced over time
Examples of exceeded thresholds - Answers Abrupt landslide
Sudden collapse of ice shelf
Extinction of a species
earth systems Involves the dynamic interaction of three components - Answers Mass
Energy
What is Science? - Answers studies the natural world on scales ranging from the universe to subatomic
particles
A way of thinking - Answers in the pursuit of understanding nature
A way of investigating - Answers claims about natural phenomenon
A body of knowledge - Answers resulting from scientific inquiry
Scientific Inquiry Often Uses Both - Answers Inductive And Deductive Reasoning
Induction: - Answers Making generalizations from specific observations
Deduction - Answers Making predictions (deductions) from pre-existing generalizations
example of induction - Answers It has been observed that the farther galaxies are from Earth, the faster
they are moving away: The universe is expanding
example of deduction - Answers A meteorologist will look at certain weather patterns and, based on
prior experience, predict that it will rain later today
One Goal Of Science Is To - Answers Describe And Predict Events In Nature Using A Scientific Method
Scientific data should be - Answers 1.Representative and unbiased 2.Reproducible
3.Accurate and precise
An observation that has been repeatedly confirmed is considered a - Answers Scientific Fact
Collection of data & Analysis of data are examples of - Answers inductive
Development of a Hypothesis
Testing of Hypothesis
Verification, modification, or rejection of hypothesis
Development of a Theory is examples of - Answers deductive
A Theory Is: - Answers A well tested and widely accepted view that scientists agree best explain certain
observational facts
the hypotheses from which it grew, it must also be - Answers testable and falsifiable
Earth Systems Science is a way of - Answers asking and answering questions about the physical universe
Earth is a planet that is - Answers small and self-contained
, Earth's spheres (reservoirs): - Answers Lithosphere (solid
Earth)
• Cryosphere
• Hydrosphere
• Atmosphere
• Biosphere
Earth Cycles - Answers A cycle is the continuous process by which matter and materials are circulated or
recycled throughout the Earth
Earth Systems Powered By - Answers Heat Engines
Heat engine converts thermal energy into - Answers kinetic energy
earths external heat engine is powered by - Answers the sun that drive the earths fluid envelopes
earths internal heart engines is powered by - Answers geothermal heat that drives cycles within the
solid earth
Open system: - Answers Energy and matter flow into and out of system
Closed system: - Answers System shut off from surrounding environment
Time Scales Of Interaction - Answers ATMOSPHERE: Seconds to Days • OCEANS: Hours to Centuries
Negative feedback: - Answers A change in the system triggers one or more mechanisms that reverses
that change
How The Atmosphere Affects Earth's Surface
positive feedback - Answers A change in the system triggers one or more mechanisms that further
enhances or drives that change
Steady-state condition: - Answers Energy and material in the system remains balanced over time
Examples of exceeded thresholds - Answers Abrupt landslide
Sudden collapse of ice shelf
Extinction of a species
earth systems Involves the dynamic interaction of three components - Answers Mass
Energy
