AGPCNP Board Exam Review Questions with 100%
Correct Answers
Anterior drawer maneuver and Lachman maneuvers are positive when: - ANSWER -
anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee is damaged
positive in meniscus injuries of the knee - ANSWER -McMurray's sign
neovascularization, cotton wool spots, and microaneurysms are suggestive off -
ANSWER -diabetic retinopathy
atrioventricular [AV] nicking, silver and/or copper wire arterioles on fundal exam are
suggestive of - ANSWER -hypertensive retinopathy
A S4 heart sound is auscultated in an elderly patients, suggesting: - ANSWER -S4
heart sounds absent other symptoms in the elderly are often a benign finding
For pain relief during pregnancy use: - ANSWER -For pain relief, pick acetaminophen
(Tylenol) instead of NSAIDs such as ibuprofen (Advil) or naproxen (Aleve, Anaprox)
which hand should the ophthalmoscope be held in to examine a patient's eye -
ANSWER -should be held in the same hand as the eye being examined
the cut to disc ratio of a normal fundal exam should not exceed - ANSWER -1:2, e.g.
the cup should not be more than half the size of the disc diameter
if the provider is having trouble visualizing the macula on fundoscopic exam, the patient
should be asked to look: - ANSWER -directly into the light of the ophthalmoscope
clinical term used to described patient who have trouble seeing items that are far away
(nearsightedness) - ANSWER -myopia
clinical term for farsightedness - ANSWER -hyperopia
difficulty in maintaining a clear focus at a new distance due to lessening of flexibility of
the crystalline lens and weakening of ciliary muscles - common after 40 years -
ANSWER -presbyopia
raised, wedge-shaped growth of noncancerous tissue over the conjunctiva exacerbated
by sun, wind and dust - ANSWER -pterygium
acute inflammatory process affecting the eyelid usually caused by staphylococcus
aureus - ANSWER -hordeolum (stye)
, hordeolum (stye) is most commonly caused by what organism - ANSWER -
staphylococcus aureus
hordeolum is commonly managed with: - ANSWER -1. warm compresses
2. topical bacitracin or erythromycin ointment
3. refer to an ophthalmologist if not resolved in ~ 2 days
beady nodule on the eye lid that is usually painless apart from the tenderness caused
by swelling - ANSWER -chalazion
seborrheic dermatitis of the LID EDGE, often presents with red, scaly, greasy flakes -
ANSWER -blepharitis
tends to be the most irritating clinical symptoms of blepharitis - ANSWER -itching
TX for blepharitis - ANSWER -1. hot compress
2. topical abx: bacitracin or erythromycin
3. Vigorously scrub lashes and lid margins with eyes closed and follow with thorough
rinsing
organism most commonly responsible for blepharitis - ANSWER -staphylococcus
most common inflammatory eye disorder with itching, burning, increases tearing,
blurred vision (possible), sensation of foreign body in the eye which may be caused by
allergies, chemical irritation, bacterial, viral or gonococcal/chlamydial infection -
ANSWER -conjunctivitis (pink-eye)
results from an increased intraocular pressure - ANSWER -glaucoma
acute increase in IOP, opthalmic emergency - ANSWER -closed-angle glaucoma
a patient who presents with extreme eye pain, blurred vision, pupils that are dilated or
fixed and HALOS AROUND LIGHTS should be: - ANSWER -referred to opthlamology
for emergent suspicion of closed-angel glaucoma
screening for glaucoma should begin at age - ANSWER -40
results from clouding and opacification of the normally clear lens of the eye - ANSWER
-cataracts
highest cause of treatable blindness is: - ANSWER -cataracts
most common surgical procedure in patients 65+ - ANSWER -cataract surgery
a patient presents with painless, clouded or dim vision with halos around lights, no red
reflex and DIPLOPIA IN A SINGLE EYE would be suspected of - ANSWER -cataract
, floaters in the eye is the most concerning symptom for: - ANSWER -retinal detachment
the most important diagnostic indicator in the evaluation of headache is: - ANSWER -
chronology
patient describes a "vise-like", generalized headache that is more intense about his
neck and back of head. The most probable diagnosis is: - ANSWER -tension headache
duration of tension headaches are usually: - ANSWER -no more than a few hours
management of tension headache include: - ANSWER -OTC analgesics and relaxation
the pathophysiology of most migraines is: - ANSWER -a result of dilation and
excessive pulsation of the external carotid artery
migraine's typically last: - ANSWER -at least 2 but no more than 72 hours
migraines without aura are classified as: - ANSWER -common migraine
migraines with aura are classified as: - ANSWER -classic migraine
migraine headaches, which affect females > males can commonly be triggered by this
inciting event in women: - ANSWER -hormonal changes seen with onset of the
menstrual cycle
patient reports a unilateral throbbing headache that occurs episodically. she states
reports "seeing stars" and some weakness. she has no history of migraines. the
appropriate first step is: - ANSWER -all patients with new migraines must be worked up
to R/O organic causes of disease. the provider should order:
CBC
CMP
VDRL
ESR
CT scan
the priority management of chronic migraine includes: - ANSWER -1. avoidance of
triggers
2. relaxation / stress avoidance
3. prophylactic daily therapy if attacks occur more than 2-3 times per month
if amitriptyline (Elavil) is being used for migraine prophylaxis, the provider knows to
monitor for: - ANSWER -prolongation of the QT interval which is a BLACK BOX warning
on all tricyclics
Correct Answers
Anterior drawer maneuver and Lachman maneuvers are positive when: - ANSWER -
anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee is damaged
positive in meniscus injuries of the knee - ANSWER -McMurray's sign
neovascularization, cotton wool spots, and microaneurysms are suggestive off -
ANSWER -diabetic retinopathy
atrioventricular [AV] nicking, silver and/or copper wire arterioles on fundal exam are
suggestive of - ANSWER -hypertensive retinopathy
A S4 heart sound is auscultated in an elderly patients, suggesting: - ANSWER -S4
heart sounds absent other symptoms in the elderly are often a benign finding
For pain relief during pregnancy use: - ANSWER -For pain relief, pick acetaminophen
(Tylenol) instead of NSAIDs such as ibuprofen (Advil) or naproxen (Aleve, Anaprox)
which hand should the ophthalmoscope be held in to examine a patient's eye -
ANSWER -should be held in the same hand as the eye being examined
the cut to disc ratio of a normal fundal exam should not exceed - ANSWER -1:2, e.g.
the cup should not be more than half the size of the disc diameter
if the provider is having trouble visualizing the macula on fundoscopic exam, the patient
should be asked to look: - ANSWER -directly into the light of the ophthalmoscope
clinical term used to described patient who have trouble seeing items that are far away
(nearsightedness) - ANSWER -myopia
clinical term for farsightedness - ANSWER -hyperopia
difficulty in maintaining a clear focus at a new distance due to lessening of flexibility of
the crystalline lens and weakening of ciliary muscles - common after 40 years -
ANSWER -presbyopia
raised, wedge-shaped growth of noncancerous tissue over the conjunctiva exacerbated
by sun, wind and dust - ANSWER -pterygium
acute inflammatory process affecting the eyelid usually caused by staphylococcus
aureus - ANSWER -hordeolum (stye)
, hordeolum (stye) is most commonly caused by what organism - ANSWER -
staphylococcus aureus
hordeolum is commonly managed with: - ANSWER -1. warm compresses
2. topical bacitracin or erythromycin ointment
3. refer to an ophthalmologist if not resolved in ~ 2 days
beady nodule on the eye lid that is usually painless apart from the tenderness caused
by swelling - ANSWER -chalazion
seborrheic dermatitis of the LID EDGE, often presents with red, scaly, greasy flakes -
ANSWER -blepharitis
tends to be the most irritating clinical symptoms of blepharitis - ANSWER -itching
TX for blepharitis - ANSWER -1. hot compress
2. topical abx: bacitracin or erythromycin
3. Vigorously scrub lashes and lid margins with eyes closed and follow with thorough
rinsing
organism most commonly responsible for blepharitis - ANSWER -staphylococcus
most common inflammatory eye disorder with itching, burning, increases tearing,
blurred vision (possible), sensation of foreign body in the eye which may be caused by
allergies, chemical irritation, bacterial, viral or gonococcal/chlamydial infection -
ANSWER -conjunctivitis (pink-eye)
results from an increased intraocular pressure - ANSWER -glaucoma
acute increase in IOP, opthalmic emergency - ANSWER -closed-angle glaucoma
a patient who presents with extreme eye pain, blurred vision, pupils that are dilated or
fixed and HALOS AROUND LIGHTS should be: - ANSWER -referred to opthlamology
for emergent suspicion of closed-angel glaucoma
screening for glaucoma should begin at age - ANSWER -40
results from clouding and opacification of the normally clear lens of the eye - ANSWER
-cataracts
highest cause of treatable blindness is: - ANSWER -cataracts
most common surgical procedure in patients 65+ - ANSWER -cataract surgery
a patient presents with painless, clouded or dim vision with halos around lights, no red
reflex and DIPLOPIA IN A SINGLE EYE would be suspected of - ANSWER -cataract
, floaters in the eye is the most concerning symptom for: - ANSWER -retinal detachment
the most important diagnostic indicator in the evaluation of headache is: - ANSWER -
chronology
patient describes a "vise-like", generalized headache that is more intense about his
neck and back of head. The most probable diagnosis is: - ANSWER -tension headache
duration of tension headaches are usually: - ANSWER -no more than a few hours
management of tension headache include: - ANSWER -OTC analgesics and relaxation
the pathophysiology of most migraines is: - ANSWER -a result of dilation and
excessive pulsation of the external carotid artery
migraine's typically last: - ANSWER -at least 2 but no more than 72 hours
migraines without aura are classified as: - ANSWER -common migraine
migraines with aura are classified as: - ANSWER -classic migraine
migraine headaches, which affect females > males can commonly be triggered by this
inciting event in women: - ANSWER -hormonal changes seen with onset of the
menstrual cycle
patient reports a unilateral throbbing headache that occurs episodically. she states
reports "seeing stars" and some weakness. she has no history of migraines. the
appropriate first step is: - ANSWER -all patients with new migraines must be worked up
to R/O organic causes of disease. the provider should order:
CBC
CMP
VDRL
ESR
CT scan
the priority management of chronic migraine includes: - ANSWER -1. avoidance of
triggers
2. relaxation / stress avoidance
3. prophylactic daily therapy if attacks occur more than 2-3 times per month
if amitriptyline (Elavil) is being used for migraine prophylaxis, the provider knows to
monitor for: - ANSWER -prolongation of the QT interval which is a BLACK BOX warning
on all tricyclics
