UCI Bio 93 Final UPDATED Questions and
CORRECT Answers
What are the four most common elements in living matter? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Carbon --make up 96% of all living matter.
Properties of Acids - CORRECT ANSWER - Donate H+ to a solution, accept electrons,
and have a pH of <7
What happens in the S phase of the cell cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER - DNA Synthesis
What happens in the G1 phase of the cell cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER - Growth -- cell
contents are duplicated.
What happens in the G2 phase of the cell cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER - More growth
and preparation for division.
What happens in the M phase of the cell cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER - Mitosis (and
cytokinesis -- division of the cell).
What are the subphases of mitosis? - CORRECT ANSWER - Prophase, Pre-metaphase,
Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.
How many checkpoints are there in the cell cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER - 3 -- G1
checkpoint, G2 checkpoint, and the M checkpoint.
What is a Karyotype? - CORRECT ANSWER - A layout of Metaphase chromosomes
matched with their homologous pairs.
,What is a diploid cell? - CORRECT ANSWER - A cell with 46 chromosomes -- somatic
cells.
What is a haploid cell? - CORRECT ANSWER - A cell with 23 chromosomes -- sex cells.
What does the mesoderm give rise to? - CORRECT ANSWER - the notochord (similar to
a spinal chord).
What does the endoderm give rise to? - CORRECT ANSWER - the digestive tract.
What does the ectoderm give rise to? - CORRECT ANSWER - the nervous system
(brain)/neural plate.
If 2n = 18, how many chromosomes come from the mother? - CORRECT ANSWER - 9 --
half from mom and half from dad
Meiosis - CORRECT ANSWER - Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division that
reduces the chromosome number by half, creating four haploid cells, each genetically distinct
from the parent cell that gave rise to them.
What two structures does the chiasma connect? - CORRECT ANSWER - Non-sister
chromatids.
What are the steps of meiosis? - CORRECT ANSWER - Prophase I, Metaphase I,
Anaphase I, Telophase I & cytokinesis (then a second set of phases)
What does meiosis 1 deal with? - CORRECT ANSWER - homologous chromosomes.
What happens in prophase 1? - CORRECT ANSWER - The chromosomes condense, the
nuclear envelope breaks down, chromosomes cross over, and meiotic spindle forms.
, What happens in metaphase 1? - CORRECT ANSWER - the pairs of homologous
chromosomes are now tightly condensed and coiled and become arranged on the metaphase
plate.
What happens in anaphase 1? - CORRECT ANSWER - the pairs of chromosomes are
pulled apart by the spindle fibers (microtubules).
What happens in Telophase 1 and cytokinesis? - CORRECT ANSWER - The homologous
chromosome pairs complete their migration to the two poles as a result of the action of the
spindle. Now a haploid set of chromosomes is at each pole, with each chromosome still having
two chromatids. A nuclear envelope reforms around each chromosome set, the spindle
disappears, and cytokinesis follows.
What happens during meiosis 2? - CORRECT ANSWER - sister chromatids separate.
What happens in prophase 2 of meiosis? - CORRECT ANSWER - A new spindle forms
around the chromosomes.
What happens in metaphase 2 of meiosis? - CORRECT ANSWER - Metaphase 2
chromosomes line up at the equator.
What happens in anaphase 2 of meiosis? - CORRECT ANSWER - Centromeres divide
chromatids move to opposite poles of the cells.
What happens during telophase 2 of meiosis? - CORRECT ANSWER - A nuclear envelope
forms around each set of chromosomes and the cytoplasm divides.
What makes meiosis a unique form of cell division - CORRECT ANSWER - Synapsis and
crossing over -- occurs in prophase 1, pairing up of homologous chromosomes, homologous
chromosomes cross over and exchange corresponding genetic information (the DNA exchanged
contain the same genes, but may have different alleles).
CORRECT Answers
What are the four most common elements in living matter? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Carbon --make up 96% of all living matter.
Properties of Acids - CORRECT ANSWER - Donate H+ to a solution, accept electrons,
and have a pH of <7
What happens in the S phase of the cell cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER - DNA Synthesis
What happens in the G1 phase of the cell cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER - Growth -- cell
contents are duplicated.
What happens in the G2 phase of the cell cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER - More growth
and preparation for division.
What happens in the M phase of the cell cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER - Mitosis (and
cytokinesis -- division of the cell).
What are the subphases of mitosis? - CORRECT ANSWER - Prophase, Pre-metaphase,
Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.
How many checkpoints are there in the cell cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER - 3 -- G1
checkpoint, G2 checkpoint, and the M checkpoint.
What is a Karyotype? - CORRECT ANSWER - A layout of Metaphase chromosomes
matched with their homologous pairs.
,What is a diploid cell? - CORRECT ANSWER - A cell with 46 chromosomes -- somatic
cells.
What is a haploid cell? - CORRECT ANSWER - A cell with 23 chromosomes -- sex cells.
What does the mesoderm give rise to? - CORRECT ANSWER - the notochord (similar to
a spinal chord).
What does the endoderm give rise to? - CORRECT ANSWER - the digestive tract.
What does the ectoderm give rise to? - CORRECT ANSWER - the nervous system
(brain)/neural plate.
If 2n = 18, how many chromosomes come from the mother? - CORRECT ANSWER - 9 --
half from mom and half from dad
Meiosis - CORRECT ANSWER - Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division that
reduces the chromosome number by half, creating four haploid cells, each genetically distinct
from the parent cell that gave rise to them.
What two structures does the chiasma connect? - CORRECT ANSWER - Non-sister
chromatids.
What are the steps of meiosis? - CORRECT ANSWER - Prophase I, Metaphase I,
Anaphase I, Telophase I & cytokinesis (then a second set of phases)
What does meiosis 1 deal with? - CORRECT ANSWER - homologous chromosomes.
What happens in prophase 1? - CORRECT ANSWER - The chromosomes condense, the
nuclear envelope breaks down, chromosomes cross over, and meiotic spindle forms.
, What happens in metaphase 1? - CORRECT ANSWER - the pairs of homologous
chromosomes are now tightly condensed and coiled and become arranged on the metaphase
plate.
What happens in anaphase 1? - CORRECT ANSWER - the pairs of chromosomes are
pulled apart by the spindle fibers (microtubules).
What happens in Telophase 1 and cytokinesis? - CORRECT ANSWER - The homologous
chromosome pairs complete their migration to the two poles as a result of the action of the
spindle. Now a haploid set of chromosomes is at each pole, with each chromosome still having
two chromatids. A nuclear envelope reforms around each chromosome set, the spindle
disappears, and cytokinesis follows.
What happens during meiosis 2? - CORRECT ANSWER - sister chromatids separate.
What happens in prophase 2 of meiosis? - CORRECT ANSWER - A new spindle forms
around the chromosomes.
What happens in metaphase 2 of meiosis? - CORRECT ANSWER - Metaphase 2
chromosomes line up at the equator.
What happens in anaphase 2 of meiosis? - CORRECT ANSWER - Centromeres divide
chromatids move to opposite poles of the cells.
What happens during telophase 2 of meiosis? - CORRECT ANSWER - A nuclear envelope
forms around each set of chromosomes and the cytoplasm divides.
What makes meiosis a unique form of cell division - CORRECT ANSWER - Synapsis and
crossing over -- occurs in prophase 1, pairing up of homologous chromosomes, homologous
chromosomes cross over and exchange corresponding genetic information (the DNA exchanged
contain the same genes, but may have different alleles).
