Major Field Test: Criminal Justice
UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Retribution - CORRECT ANSWER - the act of taking revenge on a criminal perpetrator.
Also known as just desserts.
Criminal offenders deserve the punishment they receive at the hands of the law, and that
punishments should be appropriate to the type and severity of the crime committed.
Deterrence - CORRECT ANSWER - a goal that seeks to inhibit criminal behavior through
the fear of punishment; crime prevention
(2 types: Specific and General)
Specific- seeks to prevent a particular offender from engaging in repeat criminality- like points
for speeding
General- seeks to prevent others from committing crimes similar to the one for which a particular
offender is being sentenced by making an example of the person sentenced.
Incapactitation - CORRECT ANSWER - use of imprisionment or other means to reduce
the likelihood that an offender will commit future offenses. Intends o protect the members of
society by removing those who choose not to adhere to the laws.
Rehabilitation - CORRECT ANSWER - the attempt to reform a criminal offender; change
the behavior of the offender, typically through treatment or programs.
Restoration - CORRECT ANSWER - to make the victim whole again
When an individual is victimized by a crime, either property or violent, they and their family
experience trauma
9 Steps in the criminal Justice process - CORRECT ANSWER - Investigate and arrest
Booking
,First appearance
Preliminary hearing
Information and indictment
Arraignment
Trial
Sentencing
Corrections
Probable cause - CORRECT ANSWER - a set of facts and circumstances that would
induce a reasonably intelligent and prudent person to believe that a specified person has
committed a specified crime.
Warrant - CORRECT ANSWER - a writ issued by a judicial officer directing a law
enforcement officer to perform a specified act and affording the officer protection from damages
if he or she performs it
Release of Recognizance - CORRECT ANSWER - The release of a defendant into their
own care or care of another without posting bond.
True Bill - CORRECT ANSWER - is the decision of a grand jury that sufficient evidence
exists to indict an accused person
Arraignment - CORRECT ANSWER - a hearing before the court having jurisdiction in a
criminal case where the identity of the defendant is established; defendant is informed of the
charges against him or her; defendant is informed of his or her rights; and defendants is
requested to enter a plea.
Nolo contendere - CORRECT ANSWER - a plea of no contest and is used when the
defendant does not wish to contest conviction.
, 2 types of sentences - CORRECT ANSWER - Consecutive sentences- two or more
sentences imposed at the same time, which are served in sequence with the other sentences
Concurrent sentences- two or more sentences imposed at the same time for more than one
offense and to be served at the same time.
Probation - CORRECT ANSWER - a sentence of imprisonment that is suspended and
conditional freedom is granted to the defendant as long as the person meets certain conditions of
behavior
Parole - CORRECT ANSWER - the status of an offender conditionally released from
prison by discretion of a paroling authority prior to the expiration of sentence
Due Process Model - CORRECT ANSWER - a criminal justice perspective that
emphasizes individual rights at all stages of justice system processing
Fourth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER - Prohibition against unreasonable searches
and seizures
Exclusionary rule - CORRECT ANSWER - Prohibits use of items obtained as a result of
unreasonable search and seizure as evidence against a criminal defendant
Fifth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER - Prohibition against double jeopardy
Privilege against forced self-incrimination
Sixth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER - The right to a jury trail, a public trial, a
speedy trail, to confront witnesses, to compulsory process to obtain witnesses, to assistance of an
attorney in all felony cases, to assistance of an attorney in misdemeanor cases
Eighth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER - The prohibition against cruel and unusual
punishment
UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Retribution - CORRECT ANSWER - the act of taking revenge on a criminal perpetrator.
Also known as just desserts.
Criminal offenders deserve the punishment they receive at the hands of the law, and that
punishments should be appropriate to the type and severity of the crime committed.
Deterrence - CORRECT ANSWER - a goal that seeks to inhibit criminal behavior through
the fear of punishment; crime prevention
(2 types: Specific and General)
Specific- seeks to prevent a particular offender from engaging in repeat criminality- like points
for speeding
General- seeks to prevent others from committing crimes similar to the one for which a particular
offender is being sentenced by making an example of the person sentenced.
Incapactitation - CORRECT ANSWER - use of imprisionment or other means to reduce
the likelihood that an offender will commit future offenses. Intends o protect the members of
society by removing those who choose not to adhere to the laws.
Rehabilitation - CORRECT ANSWER - the attempt to reform a criminal offender; change
the behavior of the offender, typically through treatment or programs.
Restoration - CORRECT ANSWER - to make the victim whole again
When an individual is victimized by a crime, either property or violent, they and their family
experience trauma
9 Steps in the criminal Justice process - CORRECT ANSWER - Investigate and arrest
Booking
,First appearance
Preliminary hearing
Information and indictment
Arraignment
Trial
Sentencing
Corrections
Probable cause - CORRECT ANSWER - a set of facts and circumstances that would
induce a reasonably intelligent and prudent person to believe that a specified person has
committed a specified crime.
Warrant - CORRECT ANSWER - a writ issued by a judicial officer directing a law
enforcement officer to perform a specified act and affording the officer protection from damages
if he or she performs it
Release of Recognizance - CORRECT ANSWER - The release of a defendant into their
own care or care of another without posting bond.
True Bill - CORRECT ANSWER - is the decision of a grand jury that sufficient evidence
exists to indict an accused person
Arraignment - CORRECT ANSWER - a hearing before the court having jurisdiction in a
criminal case where the identity of the defendant is established; defendant is informed of the
charges against him or her; defendant is informed of his or her rights; and defendants is
requested to enter a plea.
Nolo contendere - CORRECT ANSWER - a plea of no contest and is used when the
defendant does not wish to contest conviction.
, 2 types of sentences - CORRECT ANSWER - Consecutive sentences- two or more
sentences imposed at the same time, which are served in sequence with the other sentences
Concurrent sentences- two or more sentences imposed at the same time for more than one
offense and to be served at the same time.
Probation - CORRECT ANSWER - a sentence of imprisonment that is suspended and
conditional freedom is granted to the defendant as long as the person meets certain conditions of
behavior
Parole - CORRECT ANSWER - the status of an offender conditionally released from
prison by discretion of a paroling authority prior to the expiration of sentence
Due Process Model - CORRECT ANSWER - a criminal justice perspective that
emphasizes individual rights at all stages of justice system processing
Fourth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER - Prohibition against unreasonable searches
and seizures
Exclusionary rule - CORRECT ANSWER - Prohibits use of items obtained as a result of
unreasonable search and seizure as evidence against a criminal defendant
Fifth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER - Prohibition against double jeopardy
Privilege against forced self-incrimination
Sixth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER - The right to a jury trail, a public trial, a
speedy trail, to confront witnesses, to compulsory process to obtain witnesses, to assistance of an
attorney in all felony cases, to assistance of an attorney in misdemeanor cases
Eighth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER - The prohibition against cruel and unusual
punishment
