NSC 484 Head Injury Questions and Answers 100% Correct
What are 2 types of diffuse injuries? correct answer Concussion
Diffuse axonal injury (DAI)
What are 2 types of Subdural hematomas? correct answer Acute
Chronic
What are 3 time markers of death after head injury? correct answer Immediately
2 hours after - brain swells
3 weeks later - sometimes killed by other complications like sepsis, or not getting any better and
withdrawal care
What are basilar skull fractures? correct answer Linear, and involves the base of the skull
Require higher level of force to occur
Rare - takes extreme amount of force
What are complications of scalp lacerations? correct answer Blood loss
Infection
What are contusions? correct answer Coup-countercoup injuries
What are different types of focal area injuries to brain? correct answer Lacerations
Contusions
Hematomas
What are manifestations of epidural hematomas? correct answer Brief unconsciousness, brief lucid
interval, followed by decreased LOC
, What are primary brain injuries? correct answer Occurs as the initial injury
Results - cranial components - displacement, bruising, damage
What are raccoon eyes? correct answer bruises around the eyes
Think about basilar skull fracture
Could also see if broken nose
What are scalp lacerations? correct answer External head trauma
Known for profuse bleeding - lots of small BVs in scalp, worse if on blood thinners
What are secondary brain injury? correct answer Occurs after the initial injury - hours to days
Hypotension, edema
Results - hypoxia, ischemia
Tissue death causes more swelling, leads to permanent brain injury
What are signs and symptoms of CTE? correct answer Impulse control problems
Aggression
Mood swings
Depression
Paranoia
Anxiety
What are signs and symptoms of DAI? correct answer Change in LOC
Increased ICP
Decorticate/decerebrate
Global cerebral edema
Early sign is HA
What are 2 types of diffuse injuries? correct answer Concussion
Diffuse axonal injury (DAI)
What are 2 types of Subdural hematomas? correct answer Acute
Chronic
What are 3 time markers of death after head injury? correct answer Immediately
2 hours after - brain swells
3 weeks later - sometimes killed by other complications like sepsis, or not getting any better and
withdrawal care
What are basilar skull fractures? correct answer Linear, and involves the base of the skull
Require higher level of force to occur
Rare - takes extreme amount of force
What are complications of scalp lacerations? correct answer Blood loss
Infection
What are contusions? correct answer Coup-countercoup injuries
What are different types of focal area injuries to brain? correct answer Lacerations
Contusions
Hematomas
What are manifestations of epidural hematomas? correct answer Brief unconsciousness, brief lucid
interval, followed by decreased LOC
, What are primary brain injuries? correct answer Occurs as the initial injury
Results - cranial components - displacement, bruising, damage
What are raccoon eyes? correct answer bruises around the eyes
Think about basilar skull fracture
Could also see if broken nose
What are scalp lacerations? correct answer External head trauma
Known for profuse bleeding - lots of small BVs in scalp, worse if on blood thinners
What are secondary brain injury? correct answer Occurs after the initial injury - hours to days
Hypotension, edema
Results - hypoxia, ischemia
Tissue death causes more swelling, leads to permanent brain injury
What are signs and symptoms of CTE? correct answer Impulse control problems
Aggression
Mood swings
Depression
Paranoia
Anxiety
What are signs and symptoms of DAI? correct answer Change in LOC
Increased ICP
Decorticate/decerebrate
Global cerebral edema
Early sign is HA
