mlt exam 1
Explain the function of a medical or clinical laboratory. - Question and answersto
perform chemical and microscopic test on blood other body fluids and tissues
Discuss the organization of a typical hospital clinical laboratory. - Question and
answersthe hospital administrator oversees everyone , under them is the chairman or
director of clinical labs . the chairman oversees the associate director Improvement and
professional development the lab manager and anatomical pathology . associate
director of quality improvement and professional development after the program director
of clinical lab Sciences, technical director of research and development, and quality
assessment coordinator . Lab manager overseas Personnel Staffing, transfusion
Services, specimen processing, chemistry and or special Testing, Lab Information
Systems(LIS), molecular Diagnostics, Immunology, microbiology, ancillary testing, and
hematology / urinalysis . ancillary testing includes customer service and point-of-care .
List the major departments of a typical clinical laboratory and name a test that would be
performed in each department. - Question and answershematology (coag tests,
hematocrit), chemistry (glucose, cholesterol), Immunology, Blood Bank, microbiology
List three examples of nonhospital clinical laboratories and describe the function of
each. - Question and answersreference labs, physician office labs, and government
labs
How does the HIPAA affect workers in the laboratory? - Question and answersPatient
information stored in computers must be password-protected so that only authorized
personnel can access information. Computer monitors must be positioned so that
visitors, other patients, and other nonauthorized personnel cannot view the screen. All
patient information must remain private and confidential and must be shared only with
authorized persons to facilitate and improve patient care.
Explain how clinical laboratories are regulated. - Question and answersfollowing the
standard protocol that is put out by CLSI the organization that establishes guidelines
and standards of best current practices for clinical laboratories
Explain the relationships between Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS),
Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA '88), and clinical
laboratories. - Question and answersThe CMS is responsible for creating the CLIA of 88
to establish requirements that improve the quality of lab testing
Discuss benefits of point-of-care (POC) testing. - Question and answersthe testing can
be done right there at the patient and does not have to be sent out to another
Laboratory; it is a quicker process
,Name three benefits of electronic health records (EHRs). - Question and
answersallowing better coordination of patient care, improved follow-ups, and
preventing duplicate testing
Who is responsible for creating the laboratory's SOP manual? - Question and
answersthe technical supervisor
What is contained in the SOP manual? - Question and answersstandard operating
procedures that follow CLSI standards, up to date
What are waived tests? - Question and answersWaived tests are those that are
determined by CDC or FDA to be so simple that there is insignificant risk for error.
List the five certificates issued under CLIA '88, and state the activities each certificate
permits. - Question and answersCertificate of Waiver—permits a laboratory to perform
CLIA-waived tests only
b. Registration Certificate—permits the laboratory to (temporarily) conduct
moderate- or high-complexity laboratory testing (or both) until the laboratory is
determined by survey to be in compliance with CLIA regulations
c. Certificate of Compliance—issued to a laboratory holding a Certificate of
Registration after an inspection finds the laboratory to be in compliance with all
applicable CLIA regulations
d. Certificate of Accreditation—issued to a laboratory that has been accredited by a
CMS-approved accrediting organization
e. Certificate for PPMP—permits the laboratory to perform waived tests and allows
a physician, midlevel practitioner, or dentist to perform microscopy procedures
but no other tests of complexity.
Explain the reason for proficiency testing. - Question and answersallows the lab to have
confidence in testing methods and identify deficient areas
Explain the purpose of laboratory accreditation. - Question and answersto improve the
validity of the lab and show that the lab is meeting national standards
accessioning - Question and answersthe process by which specimens are logged in,
labeled, and assigned a specimen identification code
accreditation - Question and answersa voluntary process in which an independent
agency grants recognition to institutions orprograms that meet or exceed established
standards of quality
American Association of Blood Banks (AABB) - Question and answersinternational
association that sets blood bank standards, accredits blood banks, and promotes high
standards of performance in the practice of transfusion medicine
, anticoagulant - Question and answersa chemical or substance that prevents blood
coagulation
bacteriology - Question and answersthe study of bacteria
blood bank - Question and answersclinical laboratory department where blood
components are tested and stored until needed for transfusion; immunohematology
department; transfusion services; also the refrigerated unit used for storing blood
components
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - Question and answerscentral
laboratory for the national public health system
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) - Question and answersthe agency
within the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) responsible for
implementing CLIA '88
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) - Question and answersan
international, nonprofit organization that establishes guidelines and standards of best
current practice for clinical laboratories; formerly National Committee for Clinical
Laboratory Standards (NCCLS)
clinical chemistry - Question and answersthe laboratory section that uses chemical
principles to analyze blood and other body fluids
Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA '88) - Question and
answersa federal act that specifies minimum performance standards for clinical
laboratories
coagulation - Question and answersthe process of forming a fibrin clot
College of American Pathologists (CAP) - Question and answersorganization that offers
accreditation to clinical laboratories
COLA - Question and answersagency that offers accreditation to physician office
laboratories, hospitals, clinics, and other healthcare facilities; formerly the Commission
on Office Laboratory Accreditation
Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) - Question and answersthe
governmental agency that oversees public healthcare matters; also called HHS
electronic health record (EHR) - Question and answerscomprehensive, portable
electronic patient health record
electronic medical record (EMR) - Question and answersa digital form of a patient chart
created in a physician's office or a hospital where a patient received treatment
Explain the function of a medical or clinical laboratory. - Question and answersto
perform chemical and microscopic test on blood other body fluids and tissues
Discuss the organization of a typical hospital clinical laboratory. - Question and
answersthe hospital administrator oversees everyone , under them is the chairman or
director of clinical labs . the chairman oversees the associate director Improvement and
professional development the lab manager and anatomical pathology . associate
director of quality improvement and professional development after the program director
of clinical lab Sciences, technical director of research and development, and quality
assessment coordinator . Lab manager overseas Personnel Staffing, transfusion
Services, specimen processing, chemistry and or special Testing, Lab Information
Systems(LIS), molecular Diagnostics, Immunology, microbiology, ancillary testing, and
hematology / urinalysis . ancillary testing includes customer service and point-of-care .
List the major departments of a typical clinical laboratory and name a test that would be
performed in each department. - Question and answershematology (coag tests,
hematocrit), chemistry (glucose, cholesterol), Immunology, Blood Bank, microbiology
List three examples of nonhospital clinical laboratories and describe the function of
each. - Question and answersreference labs, physician office labs, and government
labs
How does the HIPAA affect workers in the laboratory? - Question and answersPatient
information stored in computers must be password-protected so that only authorized
personnel can access information. Computer monitors must be positioned so that
visitors, other patients, and other nonauthorized personnel cannot view the screen. All
patient information must remain private and confidential and must be shared only with
authorized persons to facilitate and improve patient care.
Explain how clinical laboratories are regulated. - Question and answersfollowing the
standard protocol that is put out by CLSI the organization that establishes guidelines
and standards of best current practices for clinical laboratories
Explain the relationships between Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS),
Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA '88), and clinical
laboratories. - Question and answersThe CMS is responsible for creating the CLIA of 88
to establish requirements that improve the quality of lab testing
Discuss benefits of point-of-care (POC) testing. - Question and answersthe testing can
be done right there at the patient and does not have to be sent out to another
Laboratory; it is a quicker process
,Name three benefits of electronic health records (EHRs). - Question and
answersallowing better coordination of patient care, improved follow-ups, and
preventing duplicate testing
Who is responsible for creating the laboratory's SOP manual? - Question and
answersthe technical supervisor
What is contained in the SOP manual? - Question and answersstandard operating
procedures that follow CLSI standards, up to date
What are waived tests? - Question and answersWaived tests are those that are
determined by CDC or FDA to be so simple that there is insignificant risk for error.
List the five certificates issued under CLIA '88, and state the activities each certificate
permits. - Question and answersCertificate of Waiver—permits a laboratory to perform
CLIA-waived tests only
b. Registration Certificate—permits the laboratory to (temporarily) conduct
moderate- or high-complexity laboratory testing (or both) until the laboratory is
determined by survey to be in compliance with CLIA regulations
c. Certificate of Compliance—issued to a laboratory holding a Certificate of
Registration after an inspection finds the laboratory to be in compliance with all
applicable CLIA regulations
d. Certificate of Accreditation—issued to a laboratory that has been accredited by a
CMS-approved accrediting organization
e. Certificate for PPMP—permits the laboratory to perform waived tests and allows
a physician, midlevel practitioner, or dentist to perform microscopy procedures
but no other tests of complexity.
Explain the reason for proficiency testing. - Question and answersallows the lab to have
confidence in testing methods and identify deficient areas
Explain the purpose of laboratory accreditation. - Question and answersto improve the
validity of the lab and show that the lab is meeting national standards
accessioning - Question and answersthe process by which specimens are logged in,
labeled, and assigned a specimen identification code
accreditation - Question and answersa voluntary process in which an independent
agency grants recognition to institutions orprograms that meet or exceed established
standards of quality
American Association of Blood Banks (AABB) - Question and answersinternational
association that sets blood bank standards, accredits blood banks, and promotes high
standards of performance in the practice of transfusion medicine
, anticoagulant - Question and answersa chemical or substance that prevents blood
coagulation
bacteriology - Question and answersthe study of bacteria
blood bank - Question and answersclinical laboratory department where blood
components are tested and stored until needed for transfusion; immunohematology
department; transfusion services; also the refrigerated unit used for storing blood
components
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - Question and answerscentral
laboratory for the national public health system
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) - Question and answersthe agency
within the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) responsible for
implementing CLIA '88
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) - Question and answersan
international, nonprofit organization that establishes guidelines and standards of best
current practice for clinical laboratories; formerly National Committee for Clinical
Laboratory Standards (NCCLS)
clinical chemistry - Question and answersthe laboratory section that uses chemical
principles to analyze blood and other body fluids
Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA '88) - Question and
answersa federal act that specifies minimum performance standards for clinical
laboratories
coagulation - Question and answersthe process of forming a fibrin clot
College of American Pathologists (CAP) - Question and answersorganization that offers
accreditation to clinical laboratories
COLA - Question and answersagency that offers accreditation to physician office
laboratories, hospitals, clinics, and other healthcare facilities; formerly the Commission
on Office Laboratory Accreditation
Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) - Question and answersthe
governmental agency that oversees public healthcare matters; also called HHS
electronic health record (EHR) - Question and answerscomprehensive, portable
electronic patient health record
electronic medical record (EMR) - Question and answersa digital form of a patient chart
created in a physician's office or a hospital where a patient received treatment
