Earth Sci 2GG3 Final Exam All Possible Questions and
ANSWERs Verified
When combustion takes place
A the fuel is chemically degraded
B volatile gases are produced
C ignition occurs
D pyrolysis occurs - ANSWER -C
If you were a geologist, what evidence might you find (in rocks or sediments) that would
indicate that wildfires had occurred in the past?
A charcoal
B fossilized pine cones
C clay layers
D oak bark - ANSWER -A
Which of the following factors affects the amount of shaking an area experiences
during an earthquake? A distance from focus
B earthquake magnitude
C local rock and coil characteristics (presume this is a typo and he meant to put soil) D
directivity of the rupture
E all of the listed options - ANSWER -E
Hot fires that scorch dry, coarse soil may lead to
A increased soil strength and fewer landslides
B the formation of a water repellent layer
C increased water infiltration
D more debris flows
E decreased surface runoff - ANSWER -B
Wildfire scientists and firefighters classify fire behaviour according to
A the wind speed at the fire site
B the layer of fuel that is allowing the fire to spread
C the species of vegetation that is being burnt
D the humidity at the fire site
E the amount of precipitation that has fallen in the region - ANSWER -B
On a scale of decades to centuries, the most important condition for initiating large
wildfires is A● the climate
,●B forest composition.
C● human carelessness.
D● lightning - ANSWER -D
Flaming combustion differs from smouldering combustion in that it A
is a slow process.
B leaves a large amount of residual unburned material C
is a low temperature of fuel to thermal energy.
D only occurs during drought conditions.
E does not require rapid pyrolysis. - ANSWER -B
The term fire regime refers to A the
pattern of fire activity in an area B
techniques of fire suppression.
C how fires are managed in an area.
D the natural service functions of wildfires.
E linkages of fires with climate. - ANSWER -A
The term fire regime refers to A the
pattern of fire activity in an area B
techniques of fire suppression.
C how fires are managed in an area.
D the natural service functions of wildfires.
E linkages of fires with climate. - ANSWER -A
Which of the following is NOT released during wildfire? (fuel + o2 = co2 + h2o + heat +
light)
A● Carbon dioxide
B●Water vapor
C● Oxygen
D● Heat - ANSWER -C
An increase in wildfires at the end of the Pleistocene Epoch
A was associated with the first appearance of man in the northern hemisphere
B● was associated with an increase in volcanic activity.
C● occurred mainly in Europe.
D● was likely due to warmer and drier climate than present
E● was associated with the first appearance of grass as a fuel - ANSWER -D
The factors that contributed to the severity of the fires in British Columbia in 2003 and
2009 were
A● consistently windy conditions.
,B● prolonged droughts and an overabundance of forest floor fuel
C● ineffective fire suppression.
D● lightning and an overabundance of forest fuel.
E● prolonged drought and lightning - ANSWER -B
In 1988, the natural-burn policy in Yellowstone National Park resulted in
A● the destruction of the park ecosystem.
B● the death of 15 firefighters. C●
revitalized park ecosystems D● a ban on
all camp fires.
E● new fire-suppression - ANSWER -C
*At a regional level, shorelines on a tectonically passive margin commonly have:
a● sea cliffs
b● narrow continental shelves c●
rocky shorelines d● extensive sandy
beaches e● little coastal erosion -
ANSWER -d
Wind-generated waves can get bigger in the Pacific Ocean than they can in lake
Superior. Why?
a● because the wind blows faster over the Pacific Ocean than over Lake superior
b● because the Pacific Ocean is salt water and Lake Superior is fresh water c●
because the fetch is greater in the Pacific Ocean than in Lake Superior d●
becuase the Pacific Ocean is deeper than Lake Superior
e● because the wind always blows in the same direction over the Pacific Ocean -
ANSWER -c
Fire requires the following three conditions:
A. oxygen, dry conditions, and heat
B. fuel, oxygen, and heat
C. fuel, oxygen, and dry conditions
D. fuel, heat, and lightning,
E. oxygen, dry conditions and lightning - ANSWER -B. fuel, oxygen, and heat
Which of the following best describes what happens during the preignition process in
wildfire development?
A Fuel is heated, it loses water and is ready to be ignited B
Gases cool and contract to produce fuel.
C Fuel at the front of a fire is ignited D
Gases heat and expand into fuel.
E Fuel gains carbon dioxide and is ready to burn. - ANSWER -A
, Why are wildfires becoming more disastrous?
A the frequency and severity of lightning storms is increasing
B. past fire-supression techniques have increased the amount of fuel available
C. the climate is getting drier as global temperatures rise
D. more people are moving to areas at risk for fire hazards
E. government resources for firefighting are insufficient - ANSWER -D
Why are East Coast beaches in North America wider and sandier in general than West
Coast beaches?
a● East Coast is nearer to a subduction zones b●
East coast is nearer to a convergent boundary c●
east coast has more rocks to erode d● east coast
is nearer to deeper ocean
e● east coast is far from a convergent plate boundary - ANSWER -e
The size of a wave can NOT be strongly influenced by:
a● the duration of the wind
b● the velocity of the wind c●
the fetch
d● the temperature of the water e● the
depth of the water - ANSWER -d
*Who names hurricanes?
a● the person who sees it gets to name the hurricane
b● the name is picked sequentially from a list of names for that year
c● each country gets to name one hurricane each year
d● the governor of the state most likely to be hit gets to name the hurricane
e● a distinguished meteorologist names the hurricane - ANSWER -b
The size of a wave can NOT be strongly influenced by:
a● the duration of the wind
b● the velocity of the wind c●
the fetch
d● the temperature of the water
e● the depth of the water - ANSWER -d
*Who names hurricanes?
a● the person who sees it gets to name the hurricane
b● the name is picked sequentially from a list of names for that year
c● each country gets to name one hurricane each year
ANSWERs Verified
When combustion takes place
A the fuel is chemically degraded
B volatile gases are produced
C ignition occurs
D pyrolysis occurs - ANSWER -C
If you were a geologist, what evidence might you find (in rocks or sediments) that would
indicate that wildfires had occurred in the past?
A charcoal
B fossilized pine cones
C clay layers
D oak bark - ANSWER -A
Which of the following factors affects the amount of shaking an area experiences
during an earthquake? A distance from focus
B earthquake magnitude
C local rock and coil characteristics (presume this is a typo and he meant to put soil) D
directivity of the rupture
E all of the listed options - ANSWER -E
Hot fires that scorch dry, coarse soil may lead to
A increased soil strength and fewer landslides
B the formation of a water repellent layer
C increased water infiltration
D more debris flows
E decreased surface runoff - ANSWER -B
Wildfire scientists and firefighters classify fire behaviour according to
A the wind speed at the fire site
B the layer of fuel that is allowing the fire to spread
C the species of vegetation that is being burnt
D the humidity at the fire site
E the amount of precipitation that has fallen in the region - ANSWER -B
On a scale of decades to centuries, the most important condition for initiating large
wildfires is A● the climate
,●B forest composition.
C● human carelessness.
D● lightning - ANSWER -D
Flaming combustion differs from smouldering combustion in that it A
is a slow process.
B leaves a large amount of residual unburned material C
is a low temperature of fuel to thermal energy.
D only occurs during drought conditions.
E does not require rapid pyrolysis. - ANSWER -B
The term fire regime refers to A the
pattern of fire activity in an area B
techniques of fire suppression.
C how fires are managed in an area.
D the natural service functions of wildfires.
E linkages of fires with climate. - ANSWER -A
The term fire regime refers to A the
pattern of fire activity in an area B
techniques of fire suppression.
C how fires are managed in an area.
D the natural service functions of wildfires.
E linkages of fires with climate. - ANSWER -A
Which of the following is NOT released during wildfire? (fuel + o2 = co2 + h2o + heat +
light)
A● Carbon dioxide
B●Water vapor
C● Oxygen
D● Heat - ANSWER -C
An increase in wildfires at the end of the Pleistocene Epoch
A was associated with the first appearance of man in the northern hemisphere
B● was associated with an increase in volcanic activity.
C● occurred mainly in Europe.
D● was likely due to warmer and drier climate than present
E● was associated with the first appearance of grass as a fuel - ANSWER -D
The factors that contributed to the severity of the fires in British Columbia in 2003 and
2009 were
A● consistently windy conditions.
,B● prolonged droughts and an overabundance of forest floor fuel
C● ineffective fire suppression.
D● lightning and an overabundance of forest fuel.
E● prolonged drought and lightning - ANSWER -B
In 1988, the natural-burn policy in Yellowstone National Park resulted in
A● the destruction of the park ecosystem.
B● the death of 15 firefighters. C●
revitalized park ecosystems D● a ban on
all camp fires.
E● new fire-suppression - ANSWER -C
*At a regional level, shorelines on a tectonically passive margin commonly have:
a● sea cliffs
b● narrow continental shelves c●
rocky shorelines d● extensive sandy
beaches e● little coastal erosion -
ANSWER -d
Wind-generated waves can get bigger in the Pacific Ocean than they can in lake
Superior. Why?
a● because the wind blows faster over the Pacific Ocean than over Lake superior
b● because the Pacific Ocean is salt water and Lake Superior is fresh water c●
because the fetch is greater in the Pacific Ocean than in Lake Superior d●
becuase the Pacific Ocean is deeper than Lake Superior
e● because the wind always blows in the same direction over the Pacific Ocean -
ANSWER -c
Fire requires the following three conditions:
A. oxygen, dry conditions, and heat
B. fuel, oxygen, and heat
C. fuel, oxygen, and dry conditions
D. fuel, heat, and lightning,
E. oxygen, dry conditions and lightning - ANSWER -B. fuel, oxygen, and heat
Which of the following best describes what happens during the preignition process in
wildfire development?
A Fuel is heated, it loses water and is ready to be ignited B
Gases cool and contract to produce fuel.
C Fuel at the front of a fire is ignited D
Gases heat and expand into fuel.
E Fuel gains carbon dioxide and is ready to burn. - ANSWER -A
, Why are wildfires becoming more disastrous?
A the frequency and severity of lightning storms is increasing
B. past fire-supression techniques have increased the amount of fuel available
C. the climate is getting drier as global temperatures rise
D. more people are moving to areas at risk for fire hazards
E. government resources for firefighting are insufficient - ANSWER -D
Why are East Coast beaches in North America wider and sandier in general than West
Coast beaches?
a● East Coast is nearer to a subduction zones b●
East coast is nearer to a convergent boundary c●
east coast has more rocks to erode d● east coast
is nearer to deeper ocean
e● east coast is far from a convergent plate boundary - ANSWER -e
The size of a wave can NOT be strongly influenced by:
a● the duration of the wind
b● the velocity of the wind c●
the fetch
d● the temperature of the water e● the
depth of the water - ANSWER -d
*Who names hurricanes?
a● the person who sees it gets to name the hurricane
b● the name is picked sequentially from a list of names for that year
c● each country gets to name one hurricane each year
d● the governor of the state most likely to be hit gets to name the hurricane
e● a distinguished meteorologist names the hurricane - ANSWER -b
The size of a wave can NOT be strongly influenced by:
a● the duration of the wind
b● the velocity of the wind c●
the fetch
d● the temperature of the water
e● the depth of the water - ANSWER -d
*Who names hurricanes?
a● the person who sees it gets to name the hurricane
b● the name is picked sequentially from a list of names for that year
c● each country gets to name one hurricane each year
