RELIAS DYSRHYTHMIA BASIC TEST ANSWERS 2
c c c c c
024 (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED BY EXPERT)
c c c c c c
dysrhythm cc iacakacarrhythmiac-cCorrectcanswerc-cabnormalccardiaccrhythms
whichccanccausecdisturbancescof:crate
,crhythm,corcbothcratecandcrhythm
howcarecdysrhythmiascidentified?c-
cCorrectcanswercElectrographiccWaveformcAnalysisc(ECG)
whatccontrolscthecratecandcrhythmcofcthecheartbeat?c-
cCorrectcanswercthecheart'scelectricalcsystem
explaincthecheart'scelectricalcsystemc-
cCorrectcanswercEachcelectricalcsignalc(impulse)cbeginscincacgroupcofccellsccalledcthecsinusc
nodecorcsinoatrialc(SA)cnode.cThecSAcnodecisclocatedcincthecrightcatrium.cIncachealthycadultch
eartcatcrest,cthecSAcnodecsendscancelectricalcsignalctocbegincacnewcheartbeatc60ctoc100ctime
scacminute.c(Thiscratecmaycbecslowercincverycfitcathletes.)
FromcthecSAcnode,cthecelectricalcsignalctravelscthroughcthecrightcandcleftcatria.cItccausescthec
atriactoccontractcandcpumpcbloodcintocthecventricles.
Thecelectricalcsignalcthencmovescdownctocacgroupcofccellsccalledcthecatrioventricularc(AV)cn
ode,clocatedcbetweencthecatriacandcthecventricles.cHere,cthecsignalcslowscdowncslightly,call
owingcthecventriclesctimectocfinishcfillingcwithcblood.
ThecelectricalcsignalcthencleavescthecAVcnodecandctravelsctocthecventricles.cItccausescthecve
ntriclesctoccontractcandcpumpcbloodctoctheclungscandcthecrestcofcthecbody.cThecventriclescth
encrelax,candcthecheartbeatcprocesscstartscallcovercagaincincthecSAcnode.
normalcsinuscrhythmc(characteristics)c-cCorrectcanswerc1.cRate:60-100cbeats/min
cRhythm:cregular
2. Pcwave:cuprightc.06-.12csec
3. PRcinterval:c.12-.20csec
4. QRSccomplex:c<.03csec
SinuscBradycardiac-
cCorrectcanswercincsinuscbradycardia,cthecconductioncpathwayciscthecsamecbutcthecimpulsec
generatescincthecSAcnodecslowercthancusualccausingcacslowedcheartcratec>60
-
symptomaticcsinuscbradycardiacrefersctocacHRc>60candciscinadequatecforcthecpatientsccondit
ionccausingcsymptoms
sinuscbradycardiac(ECGccharacteristics)c-cCorrectcanswerc1.cRate:c<c60cbeats/min
1
[Date]
,RELIAS DYSRHYTHMIA BASIC TEST ANSWERS 2
c c c c c
024 (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED BY EXPERT)
c c c c c c
Rhythm:cregular
c
2. Pcwave:cNormal
3. PRcinterval:cNormal
4. QRSccomplex:cNormal
sinuscbradycardiacclinicalcassociationsc-
cCorrectcanswerc1.cmaycbecacnormalcincATHLETEScandcduringcSLEEP
2. occurscincresponsecto:
carotidcsinuscmassagecValsalv
acmaneuverchypothermia
increasedcintraocularcpressurec
vagalcstimulation
andccertaincdrugsc(cBblockers,cCacchannelcblockers)
3. diseasecstatescassociatedcwithcit:c
hypothyroidism
increasedcintracranialcpressurechypogl
ycemia
inferiorcMI
SinuscBradycardia:cClinicalcSignificancec-
cCorrectcanswercclinicalcsignificancecofcsinuscbradycardiacdependsconchowcthecptctoleratesc
it.
S&Scofcsymptomaticcsinuscbradycardiacinclude:
pale,ccoolcskinch
ypotensioncweak
ness
anginacdizziness/syncop
ecconfusion/disorientatio
n
shortnesscofcbreath
treatmentcforcsymptomaticcsinuscbradycardiac-
cCorrectcanswercatropinec(anticholinergic)ctranscutaneouscpacing
dopamine/epinephrinecinfusion
permanentcpacemaker
[Date] 2
,RELIAS DYSRHYTHMIA BASIC TEST ANSWERS 2
c c c c c
024 (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED BY EXPERT)
c c c c c c
ifcduectocdrugs,cdrugscmaycbecheld
transcutaneouscpacingc-
cCorrectcanswercakacexternalcpacing.cTemporarycmeanscofcpacingcacpatient'scheartcduringc
acmedicalcemergency,caccomplishedcbycdeliveringcpulsescofcelectricccurrentcthroughcthecpa
tient'scchest,cwhichcstimulatescthecheartctoccontract.cThecmostccommoncindicationcforctrans
cutaneouscpacingciscancabnormallycslowcheartcrate.
-
padscarecplacedconcthecpatient'scchest.canterior/posteriorcpositionciscpreferred.c"Sandwichi
ng"cthecheartcbetweencthectwocpadscminimizesctransthoraciccelectricalcimpedance
SinuscTachycardiac-
cCorrectcanswercrateciscfastercthancusualcbutcrhythmciscnormal.cimpulseciscgeneratedcquicke
rcthancnormalcincSAcnode
sinusctachycardiac(characteristics)c-cCorrectcanswerc1.cRate:101-200cbeats/min
cRhythm:cregular
2. Pcwave:cNormal
3. PRcinterval:cNormal
4. QRSccomplex:cNormal
SinuscTachycardia:cClinicalcAssociationsc-
cCorrectcanswercassociatedcwithcphysiologiccandcpsychologiccstressors
orcdrugs
SinuscTachycardia:cClinicalcSignificancec-
cCorrectcanswercdependsconcptsctolerancecofcthecincreasedcHR
-cmaychave
dizziness,cdyspnea,candchypotensioncbecausecofcdecreasedcCO
SinuscTachycardia:cTreatmentc-
cCorrectcanswercunderlyingccausecofctachycardiacguidescthectreatment
-
ex:cifcptciscexperiencingctachycardiacfromcpain,ceffectivecpaincmanagementciscimportantctoct
reatctachycardia
-
cincclinicallycstablecpts,cvagalcmaneuversccancbecattempted.cIncaddition,cIVcBblockersccancb
ecgivenctocdecreasecHRcandcdecreasecmyocardialcoxygencconsumption
PrematurecAtrialcContractionc(PAC)c-
cCorrectcanswercacPACciscaccontractioncstartingcatcancectopiccfocuscincthecatriumcandccomin
gcsoonercthancthecnextcexpectedcsinuscbeat
-
Pcwaveciscabnormallycshapedcbccthecimpulsectravelscacrosscthecatriacincancabnormalcpathw 3
ay
, RELIAS DYSRHYTHMIA BASIC TEST ANSWERS 2
c c c c c
024 (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED BY EXPERT)
c c c c c c
[Date]
c c c c c
024 (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED BY EXPERT)
c c c c c c
dysrhythm cc iacakacarrhythmiac-cCorrectcanswerc-cabnormalccardiaccrhythms
whichccanccausecdisturbancescof:crate
,crhythm,corcbothcratecandcrhythm
howcarecdysrhythmiascidentified?c-
cCorrectcanswercElectrographiccWaveformcAnalysisc(ECG)
whatccontrolscthecratecandcrhythmcofcthecheartbeat?c-
cCorrectcanswercthecheart'scelectricalcsystem
explaincthecheart'scelectricalcsystemc-
cCorrectcanswercEachcelectricalcsignalc(impulse)cbeginscincacgroupcofccellsccalledcthecsinusc
nodecorcsinoatrialc(SA)cnode.cThecSAcnodecisclocatedcincthecrightcatrium.cIncachealthycadultch
eartcatcrest,cthecSAcnodecsendscancelectricalcsignalctocbegincacnewcheartbeatc60ctoc100ctime
scacminute.c(Thiscratecmaycbecslowercincverycfitcathletes.)
FromcthecSAcnode,cthecelectricalcsignalctravelscthroughcthecrightcandcleftcatria.cItccausescthec
atriactoccontractcandcpumpcbloodcintocthecventricles.
Thecelectricalcsignalcthencmovescdownctocacgroupcofccellsccalledcthecatrioventricularc(AV)cn
ode,clocatedcbetweencthecatriacandcthecventricles.cHere,cthecsignalcslowscdowncslightly,call
owingcthecventriclesctimectocfinishcfillingcwithcblood.
ThecelectricalcsignalcthencleavescthecAVcnodecandctravelsctocthecventricles.cItccausescthecve
ntriclesctoccontractcandcpumpcbloodctoctheclungscandcthecrestcofcthecbody.cThecventriclescth
encrelax,candcthecheartbeatcprocesscstartscallcovercagaincincthecSAcnode.
normalcsinuscrhythmc(characteristics)c-cCorrectcanswerc1.cRate:60-100cbeats/min
cRhythm:cregular
2. Pcwave:cuprightc.06-.12csec
3. PRcinterval:c.12-.20csec
4. QRSccomplex:c<.03csec
SinuscBradycardiac-
cCorrectcanswercincsinuscbradycardia,cthecconductioncpathwayciscthecsamecbutcthecimpulsec
generatescincthecSAcnodecslowercthancusualccausingcacslowedcheartcratec>60
-
symptomaticcsinuscbradycardiacrefersctocacHRc>60candciscinadequatecforcthecpatientsccondit
ionccausingcsymptoms
sinuscbradycardiac(ECGccharacteristics)c-cCorrectcanswerc1.cRate:c<c60cbeats/min
1
[Date]
,RELIAS DYSRHYTHMIA BASIC TEST ANSWERS 2
c c c c c
024 (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED BY EXPERT)
c c c c c c
Rhythm:cregular
c
2. Pcwave:cNormal
3. PRcinterval:cNormal
4. QRSccomplex:cNormal
sinuscbradycardiacclinicalcassociationsc-
cCorrectcanswerc1.cmaycbecacnormalcincATHLETEScandcduringcSLEEP
2. occurscincresponsecto:
carotidcsinuscmassagecValsalv
acmaneuverchypothermia
increasedcintraocularcpressurec
vagalcstimulation
andccertaincdrugsc(cBblockers,cCacchannelcblockers)
3. diseasecstatescassociatedcwithcit:c
hypothyroidism
increasedcintracranialcpressurechypogl
ycemia
inferiorcMI
SinuscBradycardia:cClinicalcSignificancec-
cCorrectcanswercclinicalcsignificancecofcsinuscbradycardiacdependsconchowcthecptctoleratesc
it.
S&Scofcsymptomaticcsinuscbradycardiacinclude:
pale,ccoolcskinch
ypotensioncweak
ness
anginacdizziness/syncop
ecconfusion/disorientatio
n
shortnesscofcbreath
treatmentcforcsymptomaticcsinuscbradycardiac-
cCorrectcanswercatropinec(anticholinergic)ctranscutaneouscpacing
dopamine/epinephrinecinfusion
permanentcpacemaker
[Date] 2
,RELIAS DYSRHYTHMIA BASIC TEST ANSWERS 2
c c c c c
024 (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED BY EXPERT)
c c c c c c
ifcduectocdrugs,cdrugscmaycbecheld
transcutaneouscpacingc-
cCorrectcanswercakacexternalcpacing.cTemporarycmeanscofcpacingcacpatient'scheartcduringc
acmedicalcemergency,caccomplishedcbycdeliveringcpulsescofcelectricccurrentcthroughcthecpa
tient'scchest,cwhichcstimulatescthecheartctoccontract.cThecmostccommoncindicationcforctrans
cutaneouscpacingciscancabnormallycslowcheartcrate.
-
padscarecplacedconcthecpatient'scchest.canterior/posteriorcpositionciscpreferred.c"Sandwichi
ng"cthecheartcbetweencthectwocpadscminimizesctransthoraciccelectricalcimpedance
SinuscTachycardiac-
cCorrectcanswercrateciscfastercthancusualcbutcrhythmciscnormal.cimpulseciscgeneratedcquicke
rcthancnormalcincSAcnode
sinusctachycardiac(characteristics)c-cCorrectcanswerc1.cRate:101-200cbeats/min
cRhythm:cregular
2. Pcwave:cNormal
3. PRcinterval:cNormal
4. QRSccomplex:cNormal
SinuscTachycardia:cClinicalcAssociationsc-
cCorrectcanswercassociatedcwithcphysiologiccandcpsychologiccstressors
orcdrugs
SinuscTachycardia:cClinicalcSignificancec-
cCorrectcanswercdependsconcptsctolerancecofcthecincreasedcHR
-cmaychave
dizziness,cdyspnea,candchypotensioncbecausecofcdecreasedcCO
SinuscTachycardia:cTreatmentc-
cCorrectcanswercunderlyingccausecofctachycardiacguidescthectreatment
-
ex:cifcptciscexperiencingctachycardiacfromcpain,ceffectivecpaincmanagementciscimportantctoct
reatctachycardia
-
cincclinicallycstablecpts,cvagalcmaneuversccancbecattempted.cIncaddition,cIVcBblockersccancb
ecgivenctocdecreasecHRcandcdecreasecmyocardialcoxygencconsumption
PrematurecAtrialcContractionc(PAC)c-
cCorrectcanswercacPACciscaccontractioncstartingcatcancectopiccfocuscincthecatriumcandccomin
gcsoonercthancthecnextcexpectedcsinuscbeat
-
Pcwaveciscabnormallycshapedcbccthecimpulsectravelscacrosscthecatriacincancabnormalcpathw 3
ay
, RELIAS DYSRHYTHMIA BASIC TEST ANSWERS 2
c c c c c
024 (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED BY EXPERT)
c c c c c c
[Date]
