Test bank advanced physiology and pathophysiology essentials for clinical practice 1st edition tkacsss

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TestcBankcAdvancedcPhysiologycandcPathophysiologycEssentialscforc ClinicalcPracticec1stcEditioncTkacs 1




Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for
c c c c c c




Clinical Practice 1st Edition Tkacs
c c c c




Chapter 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF CLINICALPRACTICE
c c c c c c




1. Theccharacteristic,c localizedc cardinalcsignsc ofcacutecinflammationc include:
A) fever.

B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.


2.
Thecvascular,chemodynamiccstagec ofcacutecinflammationciscinitiatedcbycmo
mentaryc vasoconstrictioncfollowedc bycvasodilationc thatccausesc localized:
A) bleeding.

B) congestion.
C) palecskin.

D) coolness.


3.
Theccellularcstagec ofcacutecinflammationciscmarkedcbycthecmovementcofcle
ukocytesc intocthecarea.cWhichc ofcthecfollowingccellscarrivescearlycincgreatcnu
mbers?
A) Basophils

B) Lymphocytes

C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets

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TestcBankcAdvancedcPhysiologycandcPathophysiologycEssentialscforcClinicalcPracticec1stcEditioncTkacs 2


4.
Thecphagocytosisc processcinvolvesc threecdistinctcsteps.cWhatc iscthecinitia
lcstepcincthecprocess?
A) Engulfment
B) Intracellularckilling
C) Antigencmargination
D) Recognitioncandc adherence


5.
Whichcofcthec followingcmediatorsc ofcinflammationccausesc increasedccapillar
ycpermeabilitycandcpain?
A) Serotonin

B) Histamine

C) Bradykinin
D) Nitriccoxide


6.
Inflammatorycexudatescarecaccombinationc ofcseveralc types.c Whichcofcth
ecfollowingcexudatescisccomposedc ofcenmeshedcnecroticccells?
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Membranous


7. Thecacute-
phasec systemiccresponsecusuallycbeginsc withinchoursc ofcthec onsetcofcinflamma
tioncandcincludes:
A) fevercandclethargy.
B) decreasedcC-reactivecprotein.

C) positivecnitrogencbalance.
D) lowcerythrocytecsedimentationcrate.


8.
Inccontrastctocacutecinflammation,cchronicc inflammationcisccharacterizedcb
ycwhichcofcthecfollowingcphenomena?

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TestcBankcAdvancedcPhysiologycandcPathophysiologycEssentialscforcClinicalcPracticec1stcEditioncTkacs 3


A) Profusecfibrinouscexudation

B) Acshiftctocthecleftc ofcgranulocytes
C) Metaboliccandcrespiratorycalkalosis
D) Lymphocytosiscandcactivatedc macrophages


9. Exogenouscpyrogensc(interleukin-
1)c andcthecpresencec ofcbacteriac incthec bloodcleadctocthecreleasecofcendogenouscpy
rogenscthat:
A) stabilizecthermalccontrolcincthec brain.

B) producecleukocytosisc andc anorexia.
C) blockcviralcreplicationcinccells.
D) inhibitcprostaglandincrelease.


10 Ancoldercadultcpatientc hascjustcshearedcthecskinconchercelbowcwhilecattempted
.
tocboostcherselfcupc incbed,canceventcthatchascprecipitatedcacutecinflammatio
ncincthecregioncsurroundingcthecwound.c Whichcofcthec followingceventscwillcoc
curcduringcthecvascularcstagecofcthecpatientscinflammation?
A) Outpouringcofcexudatecintocinterstitialcspaces
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulationcofcleukocytescalongcthecepithelium
D) Phagocytosiscofccellularcdebris


11 Whichcofcthecfollowingc individualscmostc likelychascthec highestcriskcof
. experiencingcchronicc inflammation?

A) Acpatientcwhochascrecentlycbeencdiagnosedc withctypec 2cdiabetes
B) Acpatientcwhoc iscaccarriercofcancantibiotic-resistantcorganism

C) Acpatientcwhoc isctakingcoralcantibioticsc forc ancuppercrespiratorycinfection
D) Acpatientcwhociscmorbidlycobesecandc whochascacsedentaryclifestyle


12 Whichcofcthec following core body temperatures is within normal range?
.
A) 35.9Cc(96.6F)

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TestcBankcAdvancedcPhysiologycandcPathophysiologycEssentialscforcClinicalcPracticec1stcEditioncTkacs 4


B) 38.0Cc(100.4F)
C) 35.5Cc(95.9F)

D) 37.3Cc(99.1F)


13 Acpostsurgicalcpatientc whociscrecoveringc incthecpostanestheticc recoverycunit
.
statescthatcshecisc freezingccold.cWhichcofcthecfollowingcmeasurescisc likelyctoc
becinitiatedcincthecpatientsc hypothalamuscincanceffortc tocreducecheatc loss?
A) Openingcofcarteriovenousc(AV)cshunts
B) Reducedcexhalationc ofcwarmedcair

C) Contractioncofcpilomotorc muscles
D) Decreasedcurinecproduction


14 Ancelderlycpatientc iscdressedc onlycincachospitalcgownc andccomplainsc ofca
.
draftc inchercroom.cConsequently,c shechascrequestedcac warmcblanketcwhilecsh
ecsitscinchercwheelchair.cWhichcofcthecfollowingcmechanismsc ofcheatclossciscmos
tclikelycthecprimaryccausecofchercrequest?
A) Evaporationcandc conduction
B) Radiationcandc convection
C) Conductioncandc convection
D) Convectioncandc evaporation


15 Whichc ofcthec followingcpathophysiologicc processesc areccapablecofcinducing
. thecproductioncofcpyrogens?c Selectcallcthatcapply.

A) Acutecinflammation
B) Obesity

C) Myocardialcinfarction
D) Malignancy

E) Renalcfailure


16 Whichcofcthec followingcpatientsciscmostc likelyctocbec susceptiblecto
. developingcac neurogeniccfever?