Biochemistry-Lipid Mobilization and Catabolism; Ketone body synthesis and utlization

Biochemistry

Lipid Mobilization And Catabolism; Ketone Body Synthesis And Utlizatio




Compiled By Simon Mwangi
Edition: 2024/25

, Science | Biochemistry I of VIII pages
1. Fatty acids in TAG are released as free fatty acids during fasting by which enzyme?
Hormone Sensitive Lipase

2. What inhibits hormone sensitive lipase during the well fed state?
Insulin

3. Deficiency of what hormone during fasting stimulates hormone sensitive lipase?
Insulin

4. Besides absence of insulin, what else stimulates hormone sensitive lipase?
Epinephrine
Glucagon

5. How does epinephrine stimulate hormone sensitive lipase?
via cAMP
- activates protein kinase

6. Is hormone sensitive lipase active in the phosphorylated or dephosphorylated form?
Phosphorylated

7. Why cant glycerol formed in the adipose tissue from lipolysis be reused?
Adipose lacks glycerokinase

8. Once glycerol is formed via Lipolysis in adipose tissue, where does it go? What does it do there?
1)Liver2)Enters:-Glycolysisor-Gluconeogenesisor-Triacylglycerol synthesis

9. How is free fatty acids transported in circulation?
Albumin

10. Once free fatty acids are made via lypolysis, where is it transported to?
Liver and muscle (skeletal; cardiac)

11. Are free fatty acids oxidized for energy by the brain?
No
NOT an important fuel source in brain even in starvation

12. In B-oxidation, what part of the fatty acid is oxidized?
B-carbon atom of fatty acid

13. Where in the cell does B-oxidation occur?
Mitochondria

14. What are the 3 staged of B-oxidation?
Activation of fatty acid (cytosol)
Transport of fatty acid into mitochondria
-B-oxidation rxns



Biochemistry 2024/25 Edition