Exam 1 GMS 7133 questions well answered already passed

Exam 1 GMS 7133 questions well
answered already passed

What are the basics of coronavirus?



(Enveloped/Naked), ______-sense RNA viruses

The _____ genome of all RNA viruses

Unique replication strategy results in a high frequency of _____

Mature virions bud at _____ membranes

Infect many species including _____, causing a range of diseases

Since the occurrence of SARS, have become considered as '_____pathogens' - correct answer
✔✔Enveloped, positive-sense RNA viruses

The largest genome of all RNA viruses

Unique replication strategy results in a high frequency of recombination

Mature virions bud at intracellular membranes

Infect many species including humans, causing a range of diseases

Since the occurrence of SARS, have become considered as 'emerging pathogens'



The Nidoviralesorder of ____-sense RNA viruses make nested sets of mRNAs - correct answer
✔✔positive



What class is Covid-19 a part of?



A) Alpha-CoV

B) Beta-CoV

C)Gamma-CoV

D) Delta-CoV - correct answer ✔✔B)Beta-CoV

,Human coronaviruses cause ____ disease of varyings severity - correct answer ✔✔respiratory



What is the order and family of coronavirus? - correct answer ✔✔Order:

Nidovirales



Family:

Coronaviridae



Describe the basic structure of coronavirus?



N:



M:



S:



HE:



E: - correct answer ✔✔N: Nucleocapsid



M: Membrane glycoprotein



S: Spike glycoproteins



HE: Hemagglutinin-esterase glycoprotein (not all CoVs have this spike)



E: Small envelope glycoprotein

,Describe the envelope - correct answer ✔✔~80-120nm



Petal-shaped spikes = S protein, give virions crown-like morphology



Fringe of shorter spikes = HE



What shape is the nucleocapsid - correct answer ✔✔Helical



Where does budding occur? - correct answer ✔✔into intracellular vesicles



What is the function of the S glycoprotein? - correct answer ✔✔promotes receptor binding and fusion

20nm spikes HEAVILY glycosylated



In BCoV & MHV: S cleaved to S1, S2 - remain associated



T/F: In some CoV, S protein fusion activity requires proteolytic cleavage at one site - correct answer
✔✔False

In some CoV, S protein fusion activity requires proteolytic cleavage at one site or two sites



How many structural domains does an S Glycoprotein have? Name them and their functions. - correct
answer ✔✔4 domains from N to C-terminal:

S1 = globular head

S2 = more conserved sequence, fusion-promoting, external stalk

Transmembrane domain

Cytoplasmic domain



What is the function of HE protein? - correct answer ✔✔smaller spikes 5-7nm



found on some group I and II coronaviruses, NOT SARS

, frequently deleted during cell passaging = non essential



65-70kD glycosylated disulfide-linked dimer



Hemagglutination activity = binds sialic acid = involved in binding?



Esterase activity = degrades sialic acid = involved in release of virus from cells?



What is the function of M protein?



Short N-terminal domain _____of envelope, spans membrane 3 times and large C-terminal domain
INSIDE envelope



the primary component of internal ____-shell



viral membrane unusually ____, probably because the C-terminal region of M forms an extra internal
layer



MOST _____ envelope protein



_____for budding



Required for budding of virions; targeted to ____membranes - correct answer ✔✔Short N-terminal
domain OUTSIDE of envelope, spans membrane 3 times and large C-terminal domain INSIDE envelope



the primary component of internal core-shell



viral membrane unusually thick, probably because the C-terminal region of M forms an extra internal
layer