Biochemistry-Translation

Biochemistry

Translation




Compiled By Simon Mwangi
Edition: 2024/25

, Science | Biochemistry I of IV pages
1. What do ribosomes contain?
rRNA and proteins

2. How are ribsomes measured?
In Svedberg units
- Rate of sedimentation by centrifugation

3. How many svedberg units are prokaryotes?
70S
- Small (30S) and large (50S) subunit

4. What antibiotics target the 50S subunit?
Erythromycin (macrolides)
Chloramphenicol
Clindamycin
Lincomycin

5. What antibiotics target the 30S subunit?
Tetracyclines
Spectinomycin
Streptomycin
Gentamicin
Kanamycin
Amikacin
Nitrofurans

6. How many svedberg units are eukaryotes?
80S

Small unit 40S
Large 60S

7. What enzyme synthesises tRNA to mRNA?
RNA polymerase III

8. What is an example of a chemically modified base found on tRNA?
N,N dimethyl Guanosine

9. How many NTs make up tRNA?
70-90 NTs (tiny)

10. What is the structure of tRNA?
What are the different components?
Cloverleaf shape (secondary structure)

3 end longer than 5 at the top of the molecule
D-loop (part of D arm)
T loop (part of T arm)
Anticodon loop at bottom of molecule
Biochemistry 2024/25 Edition