MSE 250 FINAL REVIEW WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
NEWEST
What types of materials are there? - ANSWER Metals
Ceramics
Polymers
Composites
Advanced Materials
Properties of Metals - ANSWER Metallic Bonding-composed of one or more metallic
elements
Strong, stiff, ductile, resistant to fracture
High thermal and electrical conductivity
opaque, reflective
atoms arranged in orderly manner
Properties of Ceramics - ANSWER Ionic bonding-compounds of metallic and
non-metallic elements (oxides, carbides, nitrides, sulfides)
Stiff, strong, but brittle
Non-conducting (insulators)
Often chemically inert
Atoms arranged in orderly manner
Properties of Polymers - ANSWER Covalent bonding sharing of electrons composed of
chain molecules often with carbon backbone
Soft, ductile, low strength, low density
Thermal and electrical insulators
,optically translucent or transparent
long-chain molecules; only partially ordered
Properties of Composites - ANSWER Combination of two or more classes of materials
typically fused at microscopic scale
Combination of properties
-natural composites (wood and bone)
-Synthetic composites (human-made)
Advanced Materials - ANSWER material with enhanced properties
typically for high-tech applications
semiconductors
biomaterials
smart materials
nanomaterials
List the materials from highest to lowest densities - ANSWER Metals
Ceramics
Polymers
Composites
List the materials from highest to lowest resistance to fracture - ANSWER Metals
Composites
Ceramics
Polymers
List the design properties of materials - ANSWER Strength
,Ductility
Stiffness
Toughness
Hardness
Hooke's Law
What is E?
What is G? - ANSWER E=Young's modulus/modulus of elasticity, comes from the slope of
the graph
G=shear modulus
What are the 'characteristics' of Hooke's Law? - ANSWER Elastic
Reversible
Time independent
Notes of Poisson's Ratio - ANSWER Indicates a volume change during elastic
deformation
Perfect, incompressible material, small elastic strains only (no volume change) v=.5
Most metals and alloys .25<v<.35
most metals and alloys 0.25<v<.35
v, E, G are called elastic constants
What is the equation that relates Elasticity, Shear and Poisson's ratio? - ANSWER
E=2G(1+v)
Stress and Strain - ANSWER Geometry independent measures of load and displacement
Elastic Behavior - ANSWER Reversible displacement upon loading usually
time-independent, linear relationship between stress and strain. Described by Hooke's
, Law
Young's modulus - ANSWER Slope of the linear part of the stress-strain curve. Material's
Constant, measure of stiffness.
Poisson's ratio - ANSWER Relation between axial and lateral strain
Proportional Limit/ Elastic Limit - ANSWER Stress and strain values at the end of the
linear-elastic region
Point on stress strain curve where the slope of Young's modulus ends and the curve
begins
Yield strength - ANSWER Stress at plastic strain offset of 0.002
The yield point is offset by .002 and is parallel to Young's modulus on the stress strain
curve
Tensile Strength - ANSWER Maximum stress of the engineering stress-strain curve
The highest point on the stress and strain curve
Ductility on Stress Strain Graph - ANSWER Measure of degree of plastic deformation,
that has been sustained at fracture
The last point on the graph, usually in a percentage
Ductility - ANSWER Plastic Strain at fracture
Additional data that can be gained from a stress-strain curve - ANSWER Amount of
energy that can be stored in a material
elastic: resilience
elastic and plastic: toughness
NEWEST
What types of materials are there? - ANSWER Metals
Ceramics
Polymers
Composites
Advanced Materials
Properties of Metals - ANSWER Metallic Bonding-composed of one or more metallic
elements
Strong, stiff, ductile, resistant to fracture
High thermal and electrical conductivity
opaque, reflective
atoms arranged in orderly manner
Properties of Ceramics - ANSWER Ionic bonding-compounds of metallic and
non-metallic elements (oxides, carbides, nitrides, sulfides)
Stiff, strong, but brittle
Non-conducting (insulators)
Often chemically inert
Atoms arranged in orderly manner
Properties of Polymers - ANSWER Covalent bonding sharing of electrons composed of
chain molecules often with carbon backbone
Soft, ductile, low strength, low density
Thermal and electrical insulators
,optically translucent or transparent
long-chain molecules; only partially ordered
Properties of Composites - ANSWER Combination of two or more classes of materials
typically fused at microscopic scale
Combination of properties
-natural composites (wood and bone)
-Synthetic composites (human-made)
Advanced Materials - ANSWER material with enhanced properties
typically for high-tech applications
semiconductors
biomaterials
smart materials
nanomaterials
List the materials from highest to lowest densities - ANSWER Metals
Ceramics
Polymers
Composites
List the materials from highest to lowest resistance to fracture - ANSWER Metals
Composites
Ceramics
Polymers
List the design properties of materials - ANSWER Strength
,Ductility
Stiffness
Toughness
Hardness
Hooke's Law
What is E?
What is G? - ANSWER E=Young's modulus/modulus of elasticity, comes from the slope of
the graph
G=shear modulus
What are the 'characteristics' of Hooke's Law? - ANSWER Elastic
Reversible
Time independent
Notes of Poisson's Ratio - ANSWER Indicates a volume change during elastic
deformation
Perfect, incompressible material, small elastic strains only (no volume change) v=.5
Most metals and alloys .25<v<.35
most metals and alloys 0.25<v<.35
v, E, G are called elastic constants
What is the equation that relates Elasticity, Shear and Poisson's ratio? - ANSWER
E=2G(1+v)
Stress and Strain - ANSWER Geometry independent measures of load and displacement
Elastic Behavior - ANSWER Reversible displacement upon loading usually
time-independent, linear relationship between stress and strain. Described by Hooke's
, Law
Young's modulus - ANSWER Slope of the linear part of the stress-strain curve. Material's
Constant, measure of stiffness.
Poisson's ratio - ANSWER Relation between axial and lateral strain
Proportional Limit/ Elastic Limit - ANSWER Stress and strain values at the end of the
linear-elastic region
Point on stress strain curve where the slope of Young's modulus ends and the curve
begins
Yield strength - ANSWER Stress at plastic strain offset of 0.002
The yield point is offset by .002 and is parallel to Young's modulus on the stress strain
curve
Tensile Strength - ANSWER Maximum stress of the engineering stress-strain curve
The highest point on the stress and strain curve
Ductility on Stress Strain Graph - ANSWER Measure of degree of plastic deformation,
that has been sustained at fracture
The last point on the graph, usually in a percentage
Ductility - ANSWER Plastic Strain at fracture
Additional data that can be gained from a stress-strain curve - ANSWER Amount of
energy that can be stored in a material
elastic: resilience
elastic and plastic: toughness
