Lab 10 Blood and the Heart BIO202L
Straighterline BIO202L Lab 10 Blood and the Heart Completed Worksheet with all lab
photos (Latest Version August 2024)
Lab Report Format Expectations
Utilize college level grammar and professional formatting when completing this worksheet.
Submissions without proper formatting, all required photos or sufficient responses will be rejected.
Pre-lab Questions
1. Research the process of erythropoiesis, and explain the role erythropoietin plays in the body.
Erythropoiesis is the mechanism by which red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow. The
hormone erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced in the kidneys in response to low blood
oxygen levels, speeds up this process. Athletes misuse EPO as a "doping" drug because it
increases red blood cell count, enhances oxygen transfer to muscles, and increases endurance.
However, such usage is prohibited and risky due to the significant health risks and other
challenges involved.
2. Based on your response to Question 1, above, why do you think erythropoietin is a popular
“doping” drug for athletes?
Athletes utilize the medication erythropoietin (EPO) to enhance the production of red blood
cells (RBCs) and oxygen supply to their muscles. Competitive athletes highly favor it as it raises
oxygen levels, improving their stamina and performance. Despite ethical and health concerns,
athletes who want to improve their performance and endurance may use EPO.
3. How would the hemoglobin content differ in a person living in Philadelphia (Elevation: 39 feet)
compared to someone living in Denver (Elevation: 5280 feet)? Explain your reasoning using the
information you provided in Question 1.
Living in Denver, which is 5280 feet above sea level, would mean having more hemoglobin than
residing in Philadelphia, which is 39 feet below sea level. This is because living in higher
altitudes, such as Denver, decreases the oxygen content of the air. The protein hemoglobin,
which carries oxygen throughout the blood, is produced in excess by the body to compensate
for the reduced oxygen content and to help it adjust to environments at greater elevations.
,Lab 10 Blood and the Heart BIO202L
EXPERIMENT 1: CLASSIFICATION OF BONES
Introduction Questions
1. In this experiment, you will investigate the valves utilized by the heart. What other organs or
body systems incorporate valves? List and describe these, being sure to elaborate on how they
are used. (Hint: Your response should be 4-6 sentences long.)
The heart is one of the many systems and organs that depend on valves. 1. In addition to the
heart, vein valves stop blood from flowing backward. Because of these venous valves, blood can
return to the heart despite gravity, especially in the lower limbs. The two-way flow of lymph
fluid to lymphatic nodes and back into circulation is made possible by valves in lymphatic veins.
3. The valve in the esophagus controls the passage of food and prevents acid reflux. 4. A ureter
valve keeps urine from overflowing the bladder and into the kidneys. The control of reverse
motion and the smooth passage of fluid through valves are essential to all physiological
processes.
Data and Observations
Insert your observations for this experiment in the table below as detailed by the lab procedure.
Table 1: Experimental Observations
Observations (with valve) and mL H2O Observations (without valve) and mL H2O
Displaced? Displaced?
When you squeeze the balloon, no water will Pressing down on the straw causes a brief leak of
escape through the straw. water out of the balloon. In total, more than ten
milliliters of water were taken out.
Results and Discussion
1. What happened when you pressed on the balloon stretched over the jar? What does this result
represent?
When the balloon is inflated from the side without a valve—also known as the balloon neck—
water is discharged from the balloon. Water cannot escape once the balloon is extended over
the jar if the collar's valve side is taped. The operation of the heart's valves during pumping is
demonstrated by this experiment. The portion of the straws wherein the balloon is fastened
represents how the heart beats while the heart valves regulate regurgitation.
2. What structure in this experiment mimics a heart valve?
The straw's end is attached to the balloon's neck, which represents the heart valve.
, Lab 10 Blood and the Heart BIO202L
3. How did the valve influence the experimental results? If possible, indicate the difference (in mL)
in water displaced with the valve versus without the valve. Does the valve enhance the water
flow, and why?
A straw without a valve made it simpler for water to enter the beaker, but the valve made it
impossible for the straw to drain correctly. Without the valve, about 10 mL passed through the
straw.
Straighterline BIO202L Lab 10 Blood and the Heart Completed Worksheet with all lab
photos (Latest Version August 2024)
Lab Report Format Expectations
Utilize college level grammar and professional formatting when completing this worksheet.
Submissions without proper formatting, all required photos or sufficient responses will be rejected.
Pre-lab Questions
1. Research the process of erythropoiesis, and explain the role erythropoietin plays in the body.
Erythropoiesis is the mechanism by which red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow. The
hormone erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced in the kidneys in response to low blood
oxygen levels, speeds up this process. Athletes misuse EPO as a "doping" drug because it
increases red blood cell count, enhances oxygen transfer to muscles, and increases endurance.
However, such usage is prohibited and risky due to the significant health risks and other
challenges involved.
2. Based on your response to Question 1, above, why do you think erythropoietin is a popular
“doping” drug for athletes?
Athletes utilize the medication erythropoietin (EPO) to enhance the production of red blood
cells (RBCs) and oxygen supply to their muscles. Competitive athletes highly favor it as it raises
oxygen levels, improving their stamina and performance. Despite ethical and health concerns,
athletes who want to improve their performance and endurance may use EPO.
3. How would the hemoglobin content differ in a person living in Philadelphia (Elevation: 39 feet)
compared to someone living in Denver (Elevation: 5280 feet)? Explain your reasoning using the
information you provided in Question 1.
Living in Denver, which is 5280 feet above sea level, would mean having more hemoglobin than
residing in Philadelphia, which is 39 feet below sea level. This is because living in higher
altitudes, such as Denver, decreases the oxygen content of the air. The protein hemoglobin,
which carries oxygen throughout the blood, is produced in excess by the body to compensate
for the reduced oxygen content and to help it adjust to environments at greater elevations.
,Lab 10 Blood and the Heart BIO202L
EXPERIMENT 1: CLASSIFICATION OF BONES
Introduction Questions
1. In this experiment, you will investigate the valves utilized by the heart. What other organs or
body systems incorporate valves? List and describe these, being sure to elaborate on how they
are used. (Hint: Your response should be 4-6 sentences long.)
The heart is one of the many systems and organs that depend on valves. 1. In addition to the
heart, vein valves stop blood from flowing backward. Because of these venous valves, blood can
return to the heart despite gravity, especially in the lower limbs. The two-way flow of lymph
fluid to lymphatic nodes and back into circulation is made possible by valves in lymphatic veins.
3. The valve in the esophagus controls the passage of food and prevents acid reflux. 4. A ureter
valve keeps urine from overflowing the bladder and into the kidneys. The control of reverse
motion and the smooth passage of fluid through valves are essential to all physiological
processes.
Data and Observations
Insert your observations for this experiment in the table below as detailed by the lab procedure.
Table 1: Experimental Observations
Observations (with valve) and mL H2O Observations (without valve) and mL H2O
Displaced? Displaced?
When you squeeze the balloon, no water will Pressing down on the straw causes a brief leak of
escape through the straw. water out of the balloon. In total, more than ten
milliliters of water were taken out.
Results and Discussion
1. What happened when you pressed on the balloon stretched over the jar? What does this result
represent?
When the balloon is inflated from the side without a valve—also known as the balloon neck—
water is discharged from the balloon. Water cannot escape once the balloon is extended over
the jar if the collar's valve side is taped. The operation of the heart's valves during pumping is
demonstrated by this experiment. The portion of the straws wherein the balloon is fastened
represents how the heart beats while the heart valves regulate regurgitation.
2. What structure in this experiment mimics a heart valve?
The straw's end is attached to the balloon's neck, which represents the heart valve.
, Lab 10 Blood and the Heart BIO202L
3. How did the valve influence the experimental results? If possible, indicate the difference (in mL)
in water displaced with the valve versus without the valve. Does the valve enhance the water
flow, and why?
A straw without a valve made it simpler for water to enter the beaker, but the valve made it
impossible for the straw to drain correctly. Without the valve, about 10 mL passed through the
straw.
