TEST BANK FOR COGNITION EXPL
v v v v
ORING THE SCIENCE OF THEMIND,
v v v v v v
7TH EDITION, DANIEL REISBERG
v v v
, CHAPTER 1 v The Science of the Mind
v v v v
LEARNINGvOBJECTIVES
1.1. Describevthevscopevandvgoalsvofvcognitivevpsychology.
1.2. UnderstandvthevcasevofvH.M.,vandvthevmanyvwaysvthatvmemoryvinfluencesvourvlives.
1.3. Describev thev limitationsv ofv introspectionv asv av methodv forv scientificv inquiry.
1.4. Comparevandvcontrastvclassicalv(Watsonian)vbehaviorismvandvcognitivevpsychology.
1.5. Kant’sv“transcendentalvmethod”visvsometimesvcalledv“inferencevtovbestvexplanation.”vExplainvthisvmethodvandvhowvitv
works.
1.6. Describevthevrole,vinvthevemergencevofvcognitivevpsychology,vthatvwasvplayedvbyvcomputervsciencevandvthevdevelop-
mentvofv“computervintelligence.”
v
MULTIPLEvCHOICE
1. WhichvofvthevfollowingvtopicsvisvNOTvcommonlyvstudiedvwithinvcognitivevpsychology?
a. angervmanagement c. memory
b. decisionvmaking d. Attention
ANS:v A DIF: Easy REF:
ThevScopevofvCognitivevPsychologyvOBJ: 1.1 MSC:vUnderstanding
2. CognitivevprocessesvarevNOTvnecessaryvforvwhichvdailyvactivity?
a. readingvavnewspaper c. talkingvonvthevphone
b. studyingvforvavtest d. breathing
ANS:v D DIF: Easy REF: ThevScopevofvCognitivevPsychology
OBJ: 1.1 MSC: Applying
3. Alyssavwantsvtovbevavpsychologistvbutvisvunsurevwhichvtopicvwithinvpsychologyvmostvinterestsvher.vWhichvofvthev
followingvtopicsvwouldvbevLEASTvlikelyvtovleadvhervintovcognitivevpsychology?
a. amnesia c. Lymevdisease
b. languagevacquisition d. problem-solvingvstrategies
,ANS:v C DIF: Easy REF:
ThevScopevofvCognitivevPsychologyvOBJ: 1.1 MSC:vApplying
4. Considervthevsequencev“BetsyvwantedvtovbringvJacobvavpresent.vShevshookvhervpiggyvbank.”vMostvpeople,vaftervhe
aringvthisvsequence,vbelievevBetsyvwasvcheckingvhervpiggyvbankvtovseevifvshevhadvmoneyvtovspendvonvthevgift.vThisvinferencevaboutvBe
tsy’svgoalsvdependsvonvthevfactvthat
a. ourvpreviousvknowledgevfillsvinvbackgroundvinformationvwhenevervwe’revunderstandingvanveventv
orvconversation.
b. readersvarevlikelyvtovknowvsomeonevnamedvJacob.
c. English,vunlikevothervlanguages,vrequiresvspeakersvtovmentionvallvofvthevpeoplevinvolvedvinvanv
event.
d. thevindividualvsentencesvarevshort.
ANS:v A DIF: Easy REF:
Thev Broadv Rolev forv MemoryvOBJ: 1.1 MSC:vUnderstanding
5. WhichvofvthevfollowingvstatementsvisvLEASTvlikelyvtovapplyvtovpatientvH.M.?
a. “Hevcannotvremembervwhatvhevdidvearliervtoday,vincludingveventsvthatvtookvplacevjustvanvhourvago.”
b. “Hevreadvthisvstoryvlastvmonth,vbutvhevwasvstillvsurprisedvbyvhowvthevstoryvturnedvout.”
c. “Evenvthoughvhevhasvencounteredvthevnursevmanyvtimes,vhevisvstillvunablevtovrecognizevher.”
d. “Hevrememberedvthatvitvwasvonlyvavweekvagovthatvhe’dvheardvthevsadvnewsvthatvhisvunclevhadvdied.”
ANS:v D DIF: Moderate REF:
AmnesiavandvMemoryvLossvOBJ: 1.2 MSC:vApplying
6. ResearchvwithvH.M.vprovidesvanvillustrationvforvwhichvmajorvthemevofvthevchapter?
a. Introspectionvisvanvimportantvresearchvtoolvforvcognitivevpsychologists.
b. Cognitivevpsychologyvcanvhelpvusvunderstandvavwidevrangevofvactivitiesvthatvdependvonvsomeone’sv
abilityvtovremember.
c. Memoryvisvnotvveryvimportant.
d. Thevdisruptionvcausedvbyvbrainvdamagevdependsvonvhowvwidespreadvthevdamagevis,vandvnotvonvthev
specificvsitesvthatvarevdamaged.
ANS:v B DIF: Moderate REF: ThevScopevofvCognitivevPsychology
OBJ: 1.2 MSC: Evaluating
7. Patientsvsufferingvfromvclinicalvamnesiavarevcharacterizedvby
a. memoryvdysfunction. c. inarticulatevspeech.
b. anvinabilityvtovrecognizevpatterns. d. impairedvlanguagevcomprehension.
ANS:v A DIF: Easy REF:
AmnesiavandvMemoryvLossvOBJ: 1.2 MSC:vRemembering
8. Thevtermv“introspection”vrefersvtovthe
a. processvbyvwhichvonevindividualvseeksvtovinfervthevthoughtsvofvanothervindividual.
b. procedurev ofv examiningv thoughtv processingv byv monitoringv thev brain’sv electricalv activity.
, c. processvofveachvpersonvlookingvwithin,vtovobservevhisvorvhervownvthoughtsvandvideas.
d. techniquevofvstudyingvthoughtvbyvinterpretingvthevsymbolsvusedvinvcommunication.
ANS:v C DIF: Easy REF:
ThevLimitsvofvIntrospectionvOBJ: 1.3 MSC:vRemembering
9. Avparticipantvisvaskedvtovlookvwithinvhimselfvorvherselfvandvreportvonvhisvorvhervownvmentalvprocesses.vThisvmethod
isvcalled
a. logicalvinference. c. introspection.v
b. reconstruction. d.
ANS:v C DIF: Easy REF:
ThevLimitsvofvIntrospectionvOBJ: 1.3 MSC:vRemembering
10. Ofvthevfollowing,vintrospectionvisvLEASTvusefulvforvstudying
a. topicsvthatvarevstronglyvcoloredvbyvemotion.
b. mentalveventsvthatvarevunconscious.
c. processesvthatvinvolvevconceptualvknowledge.
d. eventsvthatvtakevavlongvtimevtovunfold.
ANS:v B DIF: Moderate REF:
ThevLimitsvofvIntrospectionvOBJ: 1.3 MSC:vUnderstanding
11. WhichvofvthevfollowingvstatementsvaboutvintrospectionvisvFALSE?
a. Itvisvthevonlyvwayvtovobservevconsciousveventsvdirectly.
b. Itvisvsubjective.
c. Itvprovidesvstrongvevidencevforvhypothesis-testing.
d. Itvwasvavtechniquevusedvhistoricallyvtovstudyvcognition.
ANS:v C DIF: Moderate REF:
ThevLimitsvofvIntrospectionvOBJ: 1.3 MSC:vUnderstanding
12. Genievwondersvwhyvshevcanvnevervremembervthevnamesvofvnewvacquaintances.vInvsearchvofvanvanswer,vshevexaminesv
andvreflectsvonvhervfeelingsvaboutvmeetingvnewvpeople.vGenievisvengagedvinvwhichvprocess?
a. practicalvrehearsal c. learningvhistoryvanalysis
b. introspection d. goalvretrieval
ANS:v B DIF: Moderate REF:
ThevLimitsvofvIntrospectionvOBJ: 1.3 MSC:vApplying
13. Introspectionvwasvemployedvasvavresearchvtoolvinvthevlatev1800svbecause
a. itvwasvregardedvasvthevonlyvwayvtovobservevthevmind’svcontentsvdirectly.
b. itvprovidedvdatavfromvindividualsvwithoutvanyvspecializedvtraining.
c. consciousveventsvarevjustvasvimportantvasvunconsciousvevents.
v v v v
ORING THE SCIENCE OF THEMIND,
v v v v v v
7TH EDITION, DANIEL REISBERG
v v v
, CHAPTER 1 v The Science of the Mind
v v v v
LEARNINGvOBJECTIVES
1.1. Describevthevscopevandvgoalsvofvcognitivevpsychology.
1.2. UnderstandvthevcasevofvH.M.,vandvthevmanyvwaysvthatvmemoryvinfluencesvourvlives.
1.3. Describev thev limitationsv ofv introspectionv asv av methodv forv scientificv inquiry.
1.4. Comparevandvcontrastvclassicalv(Watsonian)vbehaviorismvandvcognitivevpsychology.
1.5. Kant’sv“transcendentalvmethod”visvsometimesvcalledv“inferencevtovbestvexplanation.”vExplainvthisvmethodvandvhowvitv
works.
1.6. Describevthevrole,vinvthevemergencevofvcognitivevpsychology,vthatvwasvplayedvbyvcomputervsciencevandvthevdevelop-
mentvofv“computervintelligence.”
v
MULTIPLEvCHOICE
1. WhichvofvthevfollowingvtopicsvisvNOTvcommonlyvstudiedvwithinvcognitivevpsychology?
a. angervmanagement c. memory
b. decisionvmaking d. Attention
ANS:v A DIF: Easy REF:
ThevScopevofvCognitivevPsychologyvOBJ: 1.1 MSC:vUnderstanding
2. CognitivevprocessesvarevNOTvnecessaryvforvwhichvdailyvactivity?
a. readingvavnewspaper c. talkingvonvthevphone
b. studyingvforvavtest d. breathing
ANS:v D DIF: Easy REF: ThevScopevofvCognitivevPsychology
OBJ: 1.1 MSC: Applying
3. Alyssavwantsvtovbevavpsychologistvbutvisvunsurevwhichvtopicvwithinvpsychologyvmostvinterestsvher.vWhichvofvthev
followingvtopicsvwouldvbevLEASTvlikelyvtovleadvhervintovcognitivevpsychology?
a. amnesia c. Lymevdisease
b. languagevacquisition d. problem-solvingvstrategies
,ANS:v C DIF: Easy REF:
ThevScopevofvCognitivevPsychologyvOBJ: 1.1 MSC:vApplying
4. Considervthevsequencev“BetsyvwantedvtovbringvJacobvavpresent.vShevshookvhervpiggyvbank.”vMostvpeople,vaftervhe
aringvthisvsequence,vbelievevBetsyvwasvcheckingvhervpiggyvbankvtovseevifvshevhadvmoneyvtovspendvonvthevgift.vThisvinferencevaboutvBe
tsy’svgoalsvdependsvonvthevfactvthat
a. ourvpreviousvknowledgevfillsvinvbackgroundvinformationvwhenevervwe’revunderstandingvanveventv
orvconversation.
b. readersvarevlikelyvtovknowvsomeonevnamedvJacob.
c. English,vunlikevothervlanguages,vrequiresvspeakersvtovmentionvallvofvthevpeoplevinvolvedvinvanv
event.
d. thevindividualvsentencesvarevshort.
ANS:v A DIF: Easy REF:
Thev Broadv Rolev forv MemoryvOBJ: 1.1 MSC:vUnderstanding
5. WhichvofvthevfollowingvstatementsvisvLEASTvlikelyvtovapplyvtovpatientvH.M.?
a. “Hevcannotvremembervwhatvhevdidvearliervtoday,vincludingveventsvthatvtookvplacevjustvanvhourvago.”
b. “Hevreadvthisvstoryvlastvmonth,vbutvhevwasvstillvsurprisedvbyvhowvthevstoryvturnedvout.”
c. “Evenvthoughvhevhasvencounteredvthevnursevmanyvtimes,vhevisvstillvunablevtovrecognizevher.”
d. “Hevrememberedvthatvitvwasvonlyvavweekvagovthatvhe’dvheardvthevsadvnewsvthatvhisvunclevhadvdied.”
ANS:v D DIF: Moderate REF:
AmnesiavandvMemoryvLossvOBJ: 1.2 MSC:vApplying
6. ResearchvwithvH.M.vprovidesvanvillustrationvforvwhichvmajorvthemevofvthevchapter?
a. Introspectionvisvanvimportantvresearchvtoolvforvcognitivevpsychologists.
b. Cognitivevpsychologyvcanvhelpvusvunderstandvavwidevrangevofvactivitiesvthatvdependvonvsomeone’sv
abilityvtovremember.
c. Memoryvisvnotvveryvimportant.
d. Thevdisruptionvcausedvbyvbrainvdamagevdependsvonvhowvwidespreadvthevdamagevis,vandvnotvonvthev
specificvsitesvthatvarevdamaged.
ANS:v B DIF: Moderate REF: ThevScopevofvCognitivevPsychology
OBJ: 1.2 MSC: Evaluating
7. Patientsvsufferingvfromvclinicalvamnesiavarevcharacterizedvby
a. memoryvdysfunction. c. inarticulatevspeech.
b. anvinabilityvtovrecognizevpatterns. d. impairedvlanguagevcomprehension.
ANS:v A DIF: Easy REF:
AmnesiavandvMemoryvLossvOBJ: 1.2 MSC:vRemembering
8. Thevtermv“introspection”vrefersvtovthe
a. processvbyvwhichvonevindividualvseeksvtovinfervthevthoughtsvofvanothervindividual.
b. procedurev ofv examiningv thoughtv processingv byv monitoringv thev brain’sv electricalv activity.
, c. processvofveachvpersonvlookingvwithin,vtovobservevhisvorvhervownvthoughtsvandvideas.
d. techniquevofvstudyingvthoughtvbyvinterpretingvthevsymbolsvusedvinvcommunication.
ANS:v C DIF: Easy REF:
ThevLimitsvofvIntrospectionvOBJ: 1.3 MSC:vRemembering
9. Avparticipantvisvaskedvtovlookvwithinvhimselfvorvherselfvandvreportvonvhisvorvhervownvmentalvprocesses.vThisvmethod
isvcalled
a. logicalvinference. c. introspection.v
b. reconstruction. d.
ANS:v C DIF: Easy REF:
ThevLimitsvofvIntrospectionvOBJ: 1.3 MSC:vRemembering
10. Ofvthevfollowing,vintrospectionvisvLEASTvusefulvforvstudying
a. topicsvthatvarevstronglyvcoloredvbyvemotion.
b. mentalveventsvthatvarevunconscious.
c. processesvthatvinvolvevconceptualvknowledge.
d. eventsvthatvtakevavlongvtimevtovunfold.
ANS:v B DIF: Moderate REF:
ThevLimitsvofvIntrospectionvOBJ: 1.3 MSC:vUnderstanding
11. WhichvofvthevfollowingvstatementsvaboutvintrospectionvisvFALSE?
a. Itvisvthevonlyvwayvtovobservevconsciousveventsvdirectly.
b. Itvisvsubjective.
c. Itvprovidesvstrongvevidencevforvhypothesis-testing.
d. Itvwasvavtechniquevusedvhistoricallyvtovstudyvcognition.
ANS:v C DIF: Moderate REF:
ThevLimitsvofvIntrospectionvOBJ: 1.3 MSC:vUnderstanding
12. Genievwondersvwhyvshevcanvnevervremembervthevnamesvofvnewvacquaintances.vInvsearchvofvanvanswer,vshevexaminesv
andvreflectsvonvhervfeelingsvaboutvmeetingvnewvpeople.vGenievisvengagedvinvwhichvprocess?
a. practicalvrehearsal c. learningvhistoryvanalysis
b. introspection d. goalvretrieval
ANS:v B DIF: Moderate REF:
ThevLimitsvofvIntrospectionvOBJ: 1.3 MSC:vApplying
13. Introspectionvwasvemployedvasvavresearchvtoolvinvthevlatev1800svbecause
a. itvwasvregardedvasvthevonlyvwayvtovobservevthevmind’svcontentsvdirectly.
b. itvprovidedvdatavfromvindividualsvwithoutvanyvspecializedvtraining.
c. consciousveventsvarevjustvasvimportantvasvunconsciousvevents.
