Introduction to buildings - Final exam
correctly answered to pass
purpose of facility - correct answer ✔✔Every building has a client, who specifies the purpose
Every building has users.
Why construct buildings? - correct answer ✔✔- Enclose or define a space within a structure (firmness)
- Make useful space for particular function or performance.
- Contribute aesthetically to building environment.
Design constraints - correct answer ✔✔Physical, technology, regulations, political, financial, aesthetic,
social/cultural.
What do orthographic drawings provide? - correct answer ✔✔Shape and layout but not size
What is the minimum number of cross sections on a drawing? - correct answer ✔✔Two, one vertical and
one horizontal
*Metric scale rulers* - correct answer ✔✔
Metric scales - correct answer ✔✔A proportion of one millimeter to a specified number of millimeters.
*Common metric scales* - correct answer ✔✔
1:1,2,5 - correct answer ✔✔Door, window, and cabinet details
1:10 - correct answer ✔✔Wall sections and construction details
,1:20 - correct answer ✔✔Enlarged floor plans, wall sections, construction details
1:30 - correct answer ✔✔Interior elevations
1:50,100,200 - correct answer ✔✔floor plans, elevations, and sections
1:500,1000+ - correct answer ✔✔Site plans
What happens to size of drawing as scale number goes up? - correct answer ✔✔The drawing gets
smaller allowing more of the site and surrounds to be included into the one drawing, also saves paper.
*Site Systems* - correct answer ✔✔
Site system - elements - correct answer ✔✔Topography, orientation, surrounding structures, footprint,
perimeter, landscape, site lighting.
*Topography* - correct answer ✔✔
Topographic plan - correct answer ✔✔depicts a landscape through a series of contour lines.
Contour lines - correct answer ✔✔each line indicates a constant elevation measured above sea level or
other reference point
Change in elevation - correct answer ✔✔the ground slope between 2 contour lines
Contour interval - correct answer ✔✔horizontal distance between two contours
Closely spaced contours - correct answer ✔✔steep terrain
equally spaced contours - correct answer ✔✔constant slope
, contours spaced far apart - correct answer ✔✔relatively flat, gentle slope
*Planning and zoning ordinances* - correct answer ✔✔
Plot ratio - correct answer ✔✔maximum amount of floor space a particular site may accommodate.
What is the ratio in plot ratio? - correct answer ✔✔building floor area (gross floor area) to size of piece
of land.
Plot ratio example - plot ratio of 9.0 - correct answer ✔✔total floor area of building is 9x the gross area
of the plot
Easement - correct answer ✔✔A designated area of land that gives councils, or other authorities, access
rights through your property to maintain, install, replace or upgrade essential services infrastructure.
Setback - correct answer ✔✔The distance that a building or property must be from the street or
property boundary.
Structural systems - correct answer ✔✔
*Functional elements* - correct answer ✔✔substructures - foundations, footings, basements
superstructure - columns, beams, plate structures (slabs), bracing
*Structural mandates* - correct answer ✔✔bearing, lifting, spanning, bracing
Bearing - correct answer ✔✔Carry the load from another structural member (foundation) (pad footing)
Lifting - correct answer ✔✔Holds up the structure (column)
correctly answered to pass
purpose of facility - correct answer ✔✔Every building has a client, who specifies the purpose
Every building has users.
Why construct buildings? - correct answer ✔✔- Enclose or define a space within a structure (firmness)
- Make useful space for particular function or performance.
- Contribute aesthetically to building environment.
Design constraints - correct answer ✔✔Physical, technology, regulations, political, financial, aesthetic,
social/cultural.
What do orthographic drawings provide? - correct answer ✔✔Shape and layout but not size
What is the minimum number of cross sections on a drawing? - correct answer ✔✔Two, one vertical and
one horizontal
*Metric scale rulers* - correct answer ✔✔
Metric scales - correct answer ✔✔A proportion of one millimeter to a specified number of millimeters.
*Common metric scales* - correct answer ✔✔
1:1,2,5 - correct answer ✔✔Door, window, and cabinet details
1:10 - correct answer ✔✔Wall sections and construction details
,1:20 - correct answer ✔✔Enlarged floor plans, wall sections, construction details
1:30 - correct answer ✔✔Interior elevations
1:50,100,200 - correct answer ✔✔floor plans, elevations, and sections
1:500,1000+ - correct answer ✔✔Site plans
What happens to size of drawing as scale number goes up? - correct answer ✔✔The drawing gets
smaller allowing more of the site and surrounds to be included into the one drawing, also saves paper.
*Site Systems* - correct answer ✔✔
Site system - elements - correct answer ✔✔Topography, orientation, surrounding structures, footprint,
perimeter, landscape, site lighting.
*Topography* - correct answer ✔✔
Topographic plan - correct answer ✔✔depicts a landscape through a series of contour lines.
Contour lines - correct answer ✔✔each line indicates a constant elevation measured above sea level or
other reference point
Change in elevation - correct answer ✔✔the ground slope between 2 contour lines
Contour interval - correct answer ✔✔horizontal distance between two contours
Closely spaced contours - correct answer ✔✔steep terrain
equally spaced contours - correct answer ✔✔constant slope
, contours spaced far apart - correct answer ✔✔relatively flat, gentle slope
*Planning and zoning ordinances* - correct answer ✔✔
Plot ratio - correct answer ✔✔maximum amount of floor space a particular site may accommodate.
What is the ratio in plot ratio? - correct answer ✔✔building floor area (gross floor area) to size of piece
of land.
Plot ratio example - plot ratio of 9.0 - correct answer ✔✔total floor area of building is 9x the gross area
of the plot
Easement - correct answer ✔✔A designated area of land that gives councils, or other authorities, access
rights through your property to maintain, install, replace or upgrade essential services infrastructure.
Setback - correct answer ✔✔The distance that a building or property must be from the street or
property boundary.
Structural systems - correct answer ✔✔
*Functional elements* - correct answer ✔✔substructures - foundations, footings, basements
superstructure - columns, beams, plate structures (slabs), bracing
*Structural mandates* - correct answer ✔✔bearing, lifting, spanning, bracing
Bearing - correct answer ✔✔Carry the load from another structural member (foundation) (pad footing)
Lifting - correct answer ✔✔Holds up the structure (column)
