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Morrison-Valfre: Foundations of Mental Health Care, 6th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE vjl
1. The belief of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato that the rational soul controlled
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the irrational soul could be compared with the belief of the more recent
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psychological theorist:
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a. Freud
b. Pinel
c. Fisher
d. Rush
ANS: A vjl
Sigmund Freud believed that mental illness was, in part, caused by forces both within
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and outside the personality. Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of mentally ill
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individuals as human beings in need of medical assistance. Alice Fisher was a
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Florence Nightingale nurse who cared for the mentally ill, and Dr. Benjamin Rush was
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the author of the book Diseases ofthe Mind.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p.
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4OBJ:
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v 2 TOP: Early Years of Mental Health
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KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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2. During the mid-1500s, behaviors associated with mental illness were more
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accurately recorded by professionals. This practice led to
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abnormal
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behaviors.
a. Classifications NURSINGTB.COM l
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b. Diagnosing
c. Treatment
d. Education
ANS: A vjl
Classification of abnormal behaviors did not begin until this time, after the practice of
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moreaccurate recording of behaviors was begun. Diagnoses, treatment guidelines, and
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any education regarding mental health disorders were not available during this period.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge
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5OBJ:
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v 3 TOP: Mental Illness During the Renaissance
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KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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3. During the latter part of the eighteenth century, psychiatry became a separate branch
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of medicine, and inhumane treatment was greatly diminished by the French hospital
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director:
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a. Dix
b. Beers
c. Pinel
d. Carter
ANS: C vjl
, Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of the mentally ill, as well as proper treatment.
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DorotheaDix crusaded for construction of mental health hospitals. Clifford Beers wrote
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the book A Mind That Found Itself. President Jimmy Carter established the President’s
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Commission on Mental Health in 1978.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge
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5OBJ:
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v 4 TOP: Mental Illness in the Eighteenth Century
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KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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4. In 1841,
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United States, Canada, and Scotland and is credited with bringing about public
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awareness and reformfor the care of the mentally ill.
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a. Sigmund Freud vjl
b. John Cade vjl
c. Florence Nightingale vjl
d. Dorothea Dix vjl
ANS: D vjl
Dorothea Dix spent 20 years surveying facilities that housed mentally ill individuals and
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iscredited with major changes in the care of the mentally ill. Sigmund Freud
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introduced the concept of psychoanalysis, John Cade discovered lithium carbonate for
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the treatment of bipolar disorder, and Florence Nightingale trained nurses in England in
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the 1800s.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge
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6OBJ:
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v 4 TOP: Mental Illness in the Nineteenth Century
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KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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5. As a direct result of CliffordN
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BU ’w
rsS IoNrGanB
kT d.boCoO
k,MA Mind That Found Itself, the
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Committee for Mental Hygiene was formed in 1909 with a focus on prevention of
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mental illness and:
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a. Early detection of symptoms of mental illness vjl vjl vjl vjl vjl vjl
b. Education of caregivers vjl vjl
c. Current treatment options vjl vjl
d. Removing the stigma attached to mental illness vjl vjl vjl vjl vjl vjl
ANS: D vjl
Clifford Beers’ book reflected on his attempt at suicide followed by the deplorable
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care he received for the next 3 years in mental hospitals. Beers’ work and book
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raised the consciousness of people throughout the country regarding prevention and
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removal of the stigma of having a mental illness. Early detection of symptoms,
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education of caregivers, andcurrent treatment options regarding mental illness were
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not the focus of his book, nor were they a priority for the Committee for Mental
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Hygiene.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge
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6OBJ:
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v 4 TOP: Mental Illness in the Twentieth Century
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KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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6. During the 1930s, what common treatment for schizophrenia caused clients to fall into a
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comathat could last as long as 50 hours?
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a. Electroconvulsive therapy vjl
b. Insulin therapy vjl
c. Humoral therapy vjl
, d. Amphetamine therapy vjl
ANS: B vjl
Insulin therapy was believed to successfully treat schizophrenia in the early 1900s.
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Amphetamines were used to treat depression, and electroconvulsive therapy was
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used for severe depression. Humoral therapy, which originated in ancient Greece
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and Rome, was abelief that mental illness resulted from an imbalance of the
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humors of air, fire, water, and earth.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge
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8OBJ:
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v 5 TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health
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Therapies
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KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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7. In the 1930s, what mental health disorder was electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) most
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oftenused to treat?
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a. Schizophrenia
b. Bipolar disorder vjl
c. Severe depression vjl
d. Violent behavior vjl
ANS: C vjl
ECT was found to be an effective treatment for severe depression in the 1930s. During
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this period, schizophrenia was treated with insulin therapy, and violent behavior was
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treated with alobotomy. In 1949, lithium carbonate was discovered as a treatment for
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bipolar disorder.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge
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6OBJ:
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v 5 TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health
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Therapies
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KEY: Nursing Process Step: AN
ssesR
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nt GMSBC:.C
ClieM
nt Needs: Psychosocial Integrity vjl vjl vjl vjl vjl vjl vjl vjl vjl
USNT vjl vjl vjl O
8. In the early twentieth century, a frontal lobotomy was a common treatment for
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vjl violentbehaviors. Which description of this procedure is accurate?
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a. A procedure that delivers an electrical stimulus to the frontal lobes of the brain
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b. A surgical procedure that drills holes in the front of the skull to drain fluid
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c. A surgical procedure that severs the frontal lobes of the brain from the thalamus
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d. A surgical procedure that inserts implants into the frontal lobes of the brain
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ANS: C vjl
A frontal lobotomy is a surgical procedure in which the frontal lobes of the brain are
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severedfrom the thalamus.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge
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6OBJ:
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v 5 TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health
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Therapies
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KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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9. Which class of drugs was introduced in the 1930s for the treatment of depression?
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a. SSRIs
ANS: D