,Contents
Chapter gj1 Introduction gjto gjBiochemistry 1
Chapter gj2 Water 10
Chapter gj3 Amino gjAcids gjand gjthe gjPrimary gjStructures gjof gjProteins 27
Chapter gj4 Proteins: gjThree-Dimensional gjStructure gjand gjFunction 46
Chapter gj5 Properties gjof gjEnzymes 65
Chapter gj6 Mechanisms gjof gjEnzymes 85
Chapter gj7 Coenzymes gjand gjVitamins 104
Chapter gj8 Carbohydrates 119
Chapter gj9 Lipids gjand gjMembranes 137
Chapter gj10 Introduction gjto gjMetabolism 153
Chapter gj11 Glycolysis 169
Chapter gj12 Gluconeogenesis, gjThe gjPentose gjPhosphate gjPathway,
and gjGlycogen gjMetabolism 185
Chapter gj13 The gjCitric gjAcid gjCycle 199
Chapter gj14 Electron gjTransport gjand gjOxidative gjPhosphorylation 213
Chapter gj15 Photosynthesis 227
Chapter gj16 Lipid gjMetabolism 241
Chapter gj17 Amino gjAcid gjMetabolism 256
Chapter gj18 Nucleotide gjMetabolism 269
Chapter gj19 Nucleic gjAcids 284
Chapter gj20 DNA gjReplication, gjRepair, gjand gjRecombination 300
Chapter gj21 Transcription gjand gjRNA gjProcessing 315
Chapter gj22 Protein gjSynthesis 330
Chapter gj23 Recombinant gjDNA gjTechnology 348
,Chapter 1 Introduction to Biochemistry
gj gj gj
1) Which gj elements gjaccount gj for g j more gj than gj 97% gj of gjthe gjweight gj of gjmost gjorganisms?
A) C, gj H, gjN, gjMg, gjO, g j S
B) C, gj H, gjN, gjO, gj P, gjS
C) C, gj H, gjN
D) Fe, gj C, gj H, gjO, gj P
E) Ca2+, gjK+, gjNa+, gjMg2+, gjCl-
Answer: g j B
Page gj Ref: gj Section gj 2
2) Proteins gjin gjbiological gj membranes g j may gj be
A) porous.
B) attached gj to gjthe gj membrane g j surface.
C) span g j the gjmembrane.
D) All gj of gjthe gjabove
E) B gjand gjC gjonly
Answer: g j D
Page gj Ref: gj Section gj 3
3) Which gj statement gjabout gj cellulose gj is gjfalse?
A) It gj is gjthe gjmost gjabundant g j polysaccharide g j in gjnature.
B) Its gjmonomers g j are gj joined g j by gjglycosidic gj bonds.
C) It gj is gjpresent gj in gjthe gjstems gjof gjflowering gjplants.
D) The gjhydroxyl gjgroups gjof gjneighboring gjcellulose gjmolecules gjinteract gjto gjform gjstrong,
gjinsoluble gjfibers.
E) It gj is gja gj branched gj polymer gj of gjglucose.
Answer: g j E
Page gj Ref: gj Section gj 3
1
, 4) When gjKeq gjof gja gj reaction gj= gj1, gjthen
A) the gj forward gj reaction gjis gjfaster gj than gj the gj reverse gj reaction.
B) the gjreverse gj reaction gjis gjfaster gj than gj the gj forward gj reaction.
C) the gj forward gj and gj reverse gj reaction gjrate gj constants gj are gj equal.
D) more gj products gjare gj formed gjthan gj reactants.
E) fewer gj products gjare gj formed gjthan gj reactants.
Answer: g j C
Page gj Ref: gj Section gj 4
5) Which gj statement gj is gjtrue gjabout gj a g j reaction gjwith gjan gjequilibrium gjconstant, gj Keq, gjequal g j to
gj 1000?
A) The gj forward gj rate gj constant g j is gj1000 gjtimes gjgreater gj than gj the gj reverse gj rate gjconstant.
B) The gj forward gj rate gjconstant g j is gj3 g j times gjgreater gj than gj reverse gj rate gjconstant.
C) The gj forward gj rate gj constant g j is gj1000 gjtimes gjsmaller gjthan gj the gj reverse gj rate gj constant.
D) The gj forward gj rate gjconstant g j is gj3 g j times gjsmaller gjthan gj the gj reverse gj rate gjconstant.
E) There gjis gjnot gj enough g j information g j given gjto gjcompare gjthe gj forward gj and gj reverse gj rate
gj constants.
Answer: g j A
Page gj Ref: gj Section gj 4
6) The gj study gj of gjthe gjenergy gj changes g j during g j metabolic gjreactions gj is gjcalled gj .
A) bioinformatics
B) metabodynamics
C) thermometrics
D) bioenergetics
E) biological gj heat g j dynamics
Answer: g j D
Page gj Ref: gj Section gj 4
7) A gj spontaneous gj chemical gj reaction gjalways g j has g j a g j change.
gj
A) positive gj Gibbʹs gjfree gj energy
B) negative gj Gibbʹs gjfree gj energy
C) positive g j enthalpy
D) negative gj enthalpy
E) positive g j entropy
Answer: g j B
Page gj Ref: gj Section gj 4
2
Chapter gj1 Introduction gjto gjBiochemistry 1
Chapter gj2 Water 10
Chapter gj3 Amino gjAcids gjand gjthe gjPrimary gjStructures gjof gjProteins 27
Chapter gj4 Proteins: gjThree-Dimensional gjStructure gjand gjFunction 46
Chapter gj5 Properties gjof gjEnzymes 65
Chapter gj6 Mechanisms gjof gjEnzymes 85
Chapter gj7 Coenzymes gjand gjVitamins 104
Chapter gj8 Carbohydrates 119
Chapter gj9 Lipids gjand gjMembranes 137
Chapter gj10 Introduction gjto gjMetabolism 153
Chapter gj11 Glycolysis 169
Chapter gj12 Gluconeogenesis, gjThe gjPentose gjPhosphate gjPathway,
and gjGlycogen gjMetabolism 185
Chapter gj13 The gjCitric gjAcid gjCycle 199
Chapter gj14 Electron gjTransport gjand gjOxidative gjPhosphorylation 213
Chapter gj15 Photosynthesis 227
Chapter gj16 Lipid gjMetabolism 241
Chapter gj17 Amino gjAcid gjMetabolism 256
Chapter gj18 Nucleotide gjMetabolism 269
Chapter gj19 Nucleic gjAcids 284
Chapter gj20 DNA gjReplication, gjRepair, gjand gjRecombination 300
Chapter gj21 Transcription gjand gjRNA gjProcessing 315
Chapter gj22 Protein gjSynthesis 330
Chapter gj23 Recombinant gjDNA gjTechnology 348
,Chapter 1 Introduction to Biochemistry
gj gj gj
1) Which gj elements gjaccount gj for g j more gj than gj 97% gj of gjthe gjweight gj of gjmost gjorganisms?
A) C, gj H, gjN, gjMg, gjO, g j S
B) C, gj H, gjN, gjO, gj P, gjS
C) C, gj H, gjN
D) Fe, gj C, gj H, gjO, gj P
E) Ca2+, gjK+, gjNa+, gjMg2+, gjCl-
Answer: g j B
Page gj Ref: gj Section gj 2
2) Proteins gjin gjbiological gj membranes g j may gj be
A) porous.
B) attached gj to gjthe gj membrane g j surface.
C) span g j the gjmembrane.
D) All gj of gjthe gjabove
E) B gjand gjC gjonly
Answer: g j D
Page gj Ref: gj Section gj 3
3) Which gj statement gjabout gj cellulose gj is gjfalse?
A) It gj is gjthe gjmost gjabundant g j polysaccharide g j in gjnature.
B) Its gjmonomers g j are gj joined g j by gjglycosidic gj bonds.
C) It gj is gjpresent gj in gjthe gjstems gjof gjflowering gjplants.
D) The gjhydroxyl gjgroups gjof gjneighboring gjcellulose gjmolecules gjinteract gjto gjform gjstrong,
gjinsoluble gjfibers.
E) It gj is gja gj branched gj polymer gj of gjglucose.
Answer: g j E
Page gj Ref: gj Section gj 3
1
, 4) When gjKeq gjof gja gj reaction gj= gj1, gjthen
A) the gj forward gj reaction gjis gjfaster gj than gj the gj reverse gj reaction.
B) the gjreverse gj reaction gjis gjfaster gj than gj the gj forward gj reaction.
C) the gj forward gj and gj reverse gj reaction gjrate gj constants gj are gj equal.
D) more gj products gjare gj formed gjthan gj reactants.
E) fewer gj products gjare gj formed gjthan gj reactants.
Answer: g j C
Page gj Ref: gj Section gj 4
5) Which gj statement gj is gjtrue gjabout gj a g j reaction gjwith gjan gjequilibrium gjconstant, gj Keq, gjequal g j to
gj 1000?
A) The gj forward gj rate gj constant g j is gj1000 gjtimes gjgreater gj than gj the gj reverse gj rate gjconstant.
B) The gj forward gj rate gjconstant g j is gj3 g j times gjgreater gj than gj reverse gj rate gjconstant.
C) The gj forward gj rate gj constant g j is gj1000 gjtimes gjsmaller gjthan gj the gj reverse gj rate gj constant.
D) The gj forward gj rate gjconstant g j is gj3 g j times gjsmaller gjthan gj the gj reverse gj rate gjconstant.
E) There gjis gjnot gj enough g j information g j given gjto gjcompare gjthe gj forward gj and gj reverse gj rate
gj constants.
Answer: g j A
Page gj Ref: gj Section gj 4
6) The gj study gj of gjthe gjenergy gj changes g j during g j metabolic gjreactions gj is gjcalled gj .
A) bioinformatics
B) metabodynamics
C) thermometrics
D) bioenergetics
E) biological gj heat g j dynamics
Answer: g j D
Page gj Ref: gj Section gj 4
7) A gj spontaneous gj chemical gj reaction gjalways g j has g j a g j change.
gj
A) positive gj Gibbʹs gjfree gj energy
B) negative gj Gibbʹs gjfree gj energy
C) positive g j enthalpy
D) negative gj enthalpy
E) positive g j entropy
Answer: g j B
Page gj Ref: gj Section gj 4
2
