Test Bank for Advanced Assessment Interpreting Findings and Formulating Differential Diagnoses

Test Bank for Advanced Assessment: Interpreting Findings
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and Formulating Differential Diagnoses, 5th Edition, Mary JoG
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oolsby, Laurie GrubbsChapter 1 - 22 | Complete
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,Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
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MultipledChoice
Identifydthedchoicedthatdbestdcompletesdthedstatementdordanswersdthedquestion.

d 1. Whichdtypedofdclinicalddecision-makingdisdmostdreliable?
A. Intuitive
B. Analytical
C. Experiential
D. Augenblick

d 2. Whichdofdthedfollowingdisdfalse?dTodobtaindadequatedhistory,dhealth-caredprovidersdmustdbe:
A. Methodicaldanddsystematic
B. Attentivedtodthedpatient’sdverbaldanddnonverbaldlanguage
C. Abledtodaccuratelydinterpretdthedpatient’sdresponses
D. Adeptdatdreadingdintodthedpatient’sdstatements
Essentialdpartsdofdadhealthdhistorydincludedalldofdthedfollowingdexcept:
d 3. A. Chiefdcomplaint
B. Historydofdthedpresentdillness
C. Currentdvitaldsigns
D. Alldofdthedabovedaredessentialdhistorydcomponents
Whichdofdthedfollowingdisdfalse?dWhiledperformingdthedphysicaldexamination,dthedexaminerdmustdbed
d 4. abledto:
A. Differentiatedbetweendnormaldanddabnormaldfindings
B. Recalldknowledgedofdadrangedofdconditionsdanddtheirdassociateddsignsdanddsymptoms
C. Recognizedhowdcertaindconditionsdaffectdthedresponsedtodotherdconditions
D. Foreseedunpredictabledfindings
Thedfollowingdisdthedleastdreliabledsourcedofdinformationdforddiagnosticdstatistics:
d 5. A. Evidence-baseddinvestigations
B. Primarydreportsdofdresearch
C. Estimationdbaseddondadprovider’sdexperience
D. Publisheddmeta-analyses
Thedfollowingdcandbeduseddtodassistdindsounddclinicalddecision-making:
d 6. A. Algorithmdpublisheddindadpeer-revieweddjournaldarticle
B. Clinicaldpracticedguidelines
C. Evidence-baseddresearch
D. Alldofdthedabove
Ifdaddiagnosticdstudydhasdhighdsensitivity,dthisdindicatesda:
A. Highdpercentagedofdpersonsdwithdthedgivendconditiondwilldhavedandabnormaldresult
d 7. B. Lowdpercentagedofdpersonsdwithdthedgivendconditiondwilldhavedandabnormaldresult
C. Lowdlikelihooddofdnormaldresultdindpersonsdwithoutdadgivendcondition
D. Nonedofdthedabove

,d 8. Ifdaddiagnosticdstudydhasdhighdspecificity,dthisdindicatesda:
A. Lowdpercentagedofdhealthydindividualsdwilldshowdadnormaldresult
B. Highdpercentagedofdhealthydindividualsdwilldshowdadnormaldresult
C. Highdpercentagedofdindividualsdwithdaddisorderdwilldshowdadnormaldresult
D. Lowdpercentagedofdindividualsdwithdaddisorderdwilldshowdandabnormaldresult

d 9. Adlikelihooddratiodaboved1dindicatesdthatd addiagnosticdtestdshowingda:
A. Positivedresultdisdstronglydassociateddwithdtheddisease
B. Negativedresultdisdstronglydassociateddwithdabsencedofdtheddisease
C. Positivedresultdisdweaklydassociateddwithdtheddisease
D. Negativedresultdisdweaklydassociateddwithdabsencedofdtheddisease
d ddd 10.dWhichdofdthedfollowingdclinicaldreasoningdtoolsdisddefineddasdevidence-
baseddresourcedbaseddondmathematicaldmodelingdtodexpressdthedlikelihooddofdadconditiondindselect
dsituations,dsettings,dand/ord
patients?
A. Clinicaldpracticedguidelined
B. ClinicalddecisiondruledClin
C. icald algorithmdClinicaldrec
D. ommendation

, Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
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Answer Section
d




MULTIPLEdCHOICE

1. ANS:d B
Croskerryd(2009)ddescribesdtwodmajordtypesdofdclinicalddiagnosticddecision-
making:dintuitivedanddanalytical.dIntuitiveddecision-makingd(similardtodAugenblinkddecision-
making)disdbaseddondthedexperiencedanddintuitiondofdthedcliniciandanddisdlessdreliabledanddpaireddwi
thdfairlydcommonderrors.dIndcontrast,danalyticalddecision-
makingdisdbaseddondcarefuldconsiderationdanddhasdgreaterdreliabilitydwithdrarederrors.

PTS: 1
2. ANS:d D
Todobtaindadequatedhistory,dprovidersdmustdbedwelldorganized,dattentivedtodthedpatient’sdverbaldan
ddnonverbaldlanguage,danddabledtodaccuratelydinterpretdthedpatient’sdresponsesdtodquestions.dRath
erdthandreadingdintodthedpatient’sdstatements,dtheydclarifydanydareasdofduncertainty.

PTS: 1
3. ANS:d C
Vitaldsignsdaredpartdofdthedphysicaldexaminationdportiondofdpatientdassessment,dnotdpartdofdthedhealthdhis
tory.

PTS: 1
4. ANS:d D
Whiledperformingdthedphysicaldexamination,dthedexaminerdmustdbedabledtoddifferentiatedbetweendn
ormaldanddabnormaldfindings,drecalldknowledgedofdadrangedofdconditions,dincludingdtheirdassociate
ddsignsdanddsymptoms,drecognizedhowdcertaindconditionsdaffectdthedresponsedtodotherdconditions,d
andddistinguishdthedrelevancedofdvarieddabnormaldfindings.

PTS: 1
5. ANS:d C
Sourcesdforddiagnosticdstatisticsdincludedtextbooks,dprimarydreportsdofdresearch,danddpublisheddm
eta-
analyses.dAnotherdsourcedofdstatistics,dthedonedthatdhasdbeendmostdwidelyduseddanddavailabledford
applicationdtodthedreasoningdprocess,disdthedestimationdbaseddondadprovider’sdexperience,dalthou
ghdthesedaredrarelydaccurate.dOverdthedpastddecade,dthedavailabilitydofdevidencedondwhichdtodbase
dclinicaldreasoningdisdimproving,danddtheredisdandincreasingdexpectationdthatdclinicaldreasoningd
bedb
aseddondscientificdevidence.dEvidence-
baseddstatisticsdaredalsodincreasinglydbeingduseddtoddevelopdresourcesdtodfacilitatedclinicalddecisio
n-making.

PTS: 1
6. ANS:d D
Todassistdindclinicalddecision-making,dadnumberdofdevidence-
baseddresourcesdhavedbeenddevelopeddtodassistdthedclinician.dResources,dsuchdasdalgorithmsdanddcli
nicaldpracticedguidelines,dassistdindclinicaldreasoningdwhendproperlydapplied.



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