Research Methods in Communication Sciences and Disorders Exam Bank Solution Manual Already
Passed
Evidence Based Practice - Answers Use of systematic and high-quality evidence to make the most
beneficial clinical decisions
Research - Answers An organized way to find answers to questions; follows a cycle: formulating a
question, attempting to answer it, formulating a follow-up question, etc
Primary Sources - Answers first-hand account of a research study (the first time it appears in the
literature) - a journal article, book, or chapter
Secondary Sources - Answers summaries of primary-source materials (e.g., your textbook)
Tertiary Sources - Answers summary of primary and secondary sources (e.g., wikipedia) - a great starting
point for research but not enough
Method of Tenacity - Answers believing a "fact" because it has "always been this way" and we have
heard it repeatedly, ignoring contradictory evidence (e.g., the earth is flat)
Method of Authority - Answers Accepting something as truth because it is conveyed with authority.
Understand the source of authority - is it really trustworthy?
Method of Intuition - Answers Based on assumptions that are considered to be self-evident with little or
no consideration given to the role of experience in the acquisition of knowledge.
Method of Science - Answers Deriving knowledge in a systematic and controlled way, based on physical
evidence and guided by theories and hypotheses.
Theory - Answers Concisely organized knowledge from previous research that can explain phenomena,
Can be used as a "framework" to understand the world and to predict events
Hypothesis - Answers An idea that may be based on previous evidence but has not yet been fully tested.
It is a possibility but not yet accepted knowledge.
Testability - Answers It must be testable and "falsifiable"
Accountability - Answers can the theory explain all the data or are there any observations it can not
account for?
Parsimonious - Answers the simplest way to explain all observations
Occam's Razor - Answers we look for the simplest explanation first, and look at more complex
explanations only if they give greater explanatory power
How do we know what we know? - Answers Method of tenacity, Method of authority, Method of
intuition, Method of science
Passed
Evidence Based Practice - Answers Use of systematic and high-quality evidence to make the most
beneficial clinical decisions
Research - Answers An organized way to find answers to questions; follows a cycle: formulating a
question, attempting to answer it, formulating a follow-up question, etc
Primary Sources - Answers first-hand account of a research study (the first time it appears in the
literature) - a journal article, book, or chapter
Secondary Sources - Answers summaries of primary-source materials (e.g., your textbook)
Tertiary Sources - Answers summary of primary and secondary sources (e.g., wikipedia) - a great starting
point for research but not enough
Method of Tenacity - Answers believing a "fact" because it has "always been this way" and we have
heard it repeatedly, ignoring contradictory evidence (e.g., the earth is flat)
Method of Authority - Answers Accepting something as truth because it is conveyed with authority.
Understand the source of authority - is it really trustworthy?
Method of Intuition - Answers Based on assumptions that are considered to be self-evident with little or
no consideration given to the role of experience in the acquisition of knowledge.
Method of Science - Answers Deriving knowledge in a systematic and controlled way, based on physical
evidence and guided by theories and hypotheses.
Theory - Answers Concisely organized knowledge from previous research that can explain phenomena,
Can be used as a "framework" to understand the world and to predict events
Hypothesis - Answers An idea that may be based on previous evidence but has not yet been fully tested.
It is a possibility but not yet accepted knowledge.
Testability - Answers It must be testable and "falsifiable"
Accountability - Answers can the theory explain all the data or are there any observations it can not
account for?
Parsimonious - Answers the simplest way to explain all observations
Occam's Razor - Answers we look for the simplest explanation first, and look at more complex
explanations only if they give greater explanatory power
How do we know what we know? - Answers Method of tenacity, Method of authority, Method of
intuition, Method of science
