,Contents
Chapter 1
uu Introduction to Biochemistry uu uu 1
Chapter 2
uu Water 10
Chapter 3
uu Amino Acids and the Primary Structures of Proteins
uu uu uu uu uu uu uu 27
Chapter 4
uu Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure and Function
uu uu uu uu 46
Chapter 5
uu Properties of Enzymes uu uu 65
Chapter 6
uu Mechanisms of Enzymes uu uu 85
Chapter 7
uu Coenzymes and Vitamins uu uu 104
Chapter 8
uu Carbohydrates 119
Chapter 9
uu Lipids and Membranes
uu uu 137
Chapter 10
uu Introduction to Metabolism uu uu 153
Chapter 11
uu Glycolysis 169
Chapter 12
uu Gluconeogenesis, The Pentose Phosphate Pathway, uu uu uu uu
and Glycogen Metabolism
uu uu 185
Chapter 13
uu The Citric Acid Cycle
uu uu uu 199
Chapter 14
uu Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation
uu uu uu uu 213
Chapter 15
uu Photosynthesis 227
Chapter 16
uu Lipid Metabolism
uu 241
Chapter 17
uu Amino Acid Metabolism
uu uu 256
Chapter 18
uu Nucleotide Metabolism uu 269
Chapter 19
uu Nucleic Acids uu 284
Chapter 20
uu DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination
uu uu uu uu 300
Chapter 21
uu Transcription and RNA Processing uu uu uu 315
Chapter 22
uu Protein Synthesis
uu 330
Chapter 23
uu Recombinant DNA Technology uu uu 348
,Chapter 1 Introduction to Biochemistry
uu uu uu
1) Which u u elements uuaccount u u for u u more u u than u u 97% u u of uuthe uuweight u u of uumost uuorganisms?
A) C, uuH, uuN, uuMg, uuO, uu S
B) C, uuH, uuN, uuO, uuP, uuS
C) C, uuH, uuN
D) Fe, uuC, uuH, uuO, uuP
E) Ca2+, u u K+, u u Na+, u u Mg2+, u u Cl-
Answer: u u B
Page uuRef: uuSection uu2
2) Proteins uuin uubiological uu membranes u u may uube
A) porous.
B) attached uu to uuthe u u membrane u u surface.
C) span u u the uu membrane.
D) All uu of uuthe uuabove
E) B uuand uuC uuonly
Answer: u u D
Page uuRef: uuSection uu3
3) Which u u statement uuabout u u cellulose u u is uufalse?
A) It u u is uuthe uumost uuabundant u u polysaccharide u u in uunature.
B) Its uumonomers u u are u u joined u u by uuglycosidic u u bonds.
C) It u u is uupresent u u in uuthe uustems uuof uuflowering uu plants.
D) The u u hydroxyl u u groups u u of uuneighboring u u cellulose u u molecules u u interact u u to uuform
u u strong, u u insolubleu
fibers.
E) It u u is uua u u branched uupolymer u u of uuglucose.
Answer: u u E
Page uuRef: uuSection uu3
1
, 4) When uuKeq uuof uua uu reaction uu= uu1, uuthen
A) the uu forward u u reaction uuis uufaster u u than u u the uu reverse u u reaction.
B) the uu reverse u u reaction uuis uufaster u u than u u the u u forward u u reaction.
C) the uu forward u u and u u reverse u u reaction uurate uuconstants u u are u u equal.
D) more u u products uuare u u formed uuthan u u reactants.
E) fewer u u products uuare u u formed u u than u u reactants.
Answer: u u C
Page uuRef: uuSection uu4
5) Which u u statement uuis uutrue uuabout u u a u u reaction uuwith uuan uuequilibrium uuconstant, u u Keq, uuequal u u to
uu 1000?
A) The u u forward uurate uuconstant u u is uu1000 uutimes uugreater u u than u u the uureverse u u rate uuconstant.
B) The u u forward uurate uuconstant u u is uu3 u u times uugreater u u than uu reverse u u rate uuconstant.
C) The u u forward uu rate uu constant u u is uu1000 uutimes uusmaller uuthan u u the uu reverse u u rate uuconstant.
D) The u u forward uurate uuconstant u u is uu3 u u times uusmaller uuthan u u the uureverse u u rate uuconstant.
E) There uuis uunot u u enough u u information u u given uuto uucompare uuthe u u forward u u and uu reverse u u rate
uu constants.
Answer: u u A
Page uuRef: uuSection uu4
6) The u u study u u of uuthe u u energy u u changes u u during u u metabolic uu reactions u u is uucalled .
A) bioinformatics
B) metabodynamics
C) thermometrics
D) bioenergetics
E) biological u u heat u u dynamics
Answer: u u D
Page uuRef: uuSection uu4
7) A uu spontaneous u u chemical u u reaction uualways u u has u u a change.
A) positive u u Gibbʹs uu free u u energy
B) negative u u Gibbʹs u u free u u energy
C) positive u u enthalpy
D) negative u u enthalpy
E) positive u u entropy
Answer: u u B
Page uuRef: uuSection uu4
2
Chapter 1
uu Introduction to Biochemistry uu uu 1
Chapter 2
uu Water 10
Chapter 3
uu Amino Acids and the Primary Structures of Proteins
uu uu uu uu uu uu uu 27
Chapter 4
uu Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure and Function
uu uu uu uu 46
Chapter 5
uu Properties of Enzymes uu uu 65
Chapter 6
uu Mechanisms of Enzymes uu uu 85
Chapter 7
uu Coenzymes and Vitamins uu uu 104
Chapter 8
uu Carbohydrates 119
Chapter 9
uu Lipids and Membranes
uu uu 137
Chapter 10
uu Introduction to Metabolism uu uu 153
Chapter 11
uu Glycolysis 169
Chapter 12
uu Gluconeogenesis, The Pentose Phosphate Pathway, uu uu uu uu
and Glycogen Metabolism
uu uu 185
Chapter 13
uu The Citric Acid Cycle
uu uu uu 199
Chapter 14
uu Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation
uu uu uu uu 213
Chapter 15
uu Photosynthesis 227
Chapter 16
uu Lipid Metabolism
uu 241
Chapter 17
uu Amino Acid Metabolism
uu uu 256
Chapter 18
uu Nucleotide Metabolism uu 269
Chapter 19
uu Nucleic Acids uu 284
Chapter 20
uu DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination
uu uu uu uu 300
Chapter 21
uu Transcription and RNA Processing uu uu uu 315
Chapter 22
uu Protein Synthesis
uu 330
Chapter 23
uu Recombinant DNA Technology uu uu 348
,Chapter 1 Introduction to Biochemistry
uu uu uu
1) Which u u elements uuaccount u u for u u more u u than u u 97% u u of uuthe uuweight u u of uumost uuorganisms?
A) C, uuH, uuN, uuMg, uuO, uu S
B) C, uuH, uuN, uuO, uuP, uuS
C) C, uuH, uuN
D) Fe, uuC, uuH, uuO, uuP
E) Ca2+, u u K+, u u Na+, u u Mg2+, u u Cl-
Answer: u u B
Page uuRef: uuSection uu2
2) Proteins uuin uubiological uu membranes u u may uube
A) porous.
B) attached uu to uuthe u u membrane u u surface.
C) span u u the uu membrane.
D) All uu of uuthe uuabove
E) B uuand uuC uuonly
Answer: u u D
Page uuRef: uuSection uu3
3) Which u u statement uuabout u u cellulose u u is uufalse?
A) It u u is uuthe uumost uuabundant u u polysaccharide u u in uunature.
B) Its uumonomers u u are u u joined u u by uuglycosidic u u bonds.
C) It u u is uupresent u u in uuthe uustems uuof uuflowering uu plants.
D) The u u hydroxyl u u groups u u of uuneighboring u u cellulose u u molecules u u interact u u to uuform
u u strong, u u insolubleu
fibers.
E) It u u is uua u u branched uupolymer u u of uuglucose.
Answer: u u E
Page uuRef: uuSection uu3
1
, 4) When uuKeq uuof uua uu reaction uu= uu1, uuthen
A) the uu forward u u reaction uuis uufaster u u than u u the uu reverse u u reaction.
B) the uu reverse u u reaction uuis uufaster u u than u u the u u forward u u reaction.
C) the uu forward u u and u u reverse u u reaction uurate uuconstants u u are u u equal.
D) more u u products uuare u u formed uuthan u u reactants.
E) fewer u u products uuare u u formed u u than u u reactants.
Answer: u u C
Page uuRef: uuSection uu4
5) Which u u statement uuis uutrue uuabout u u a u u reaction uuwith uuan uuequilibrium uuconstant, u u Keq, uuequal u u to
uu 1000?
A) The u u forward uurate uuconstant u u is uu1000 uutimes uugreater u u than u u the uureverse u u rate uuconstant.
B) The u u forward uurate uuconstant u u is uu3 u u times uugreater u u than uu reverse u u rate uuconstant.
C) The u u forward uu rate uu constant u u is uu1000 uutimes uusmaller uuthan u u the uu reverse u u rate uuconstant.
D) The u u forward uurate uuconstant u u is uu3 u u times uusmaller uuthan u u the uureverse u u rate uuconstant.
E) There uuis uunot u u enough u u information u u given uuto uucompare uuthe u u forward u u and uu reverse u u rate
uu constants.
Answer: u u A
Page uuRef: uuSection uu4
6) The u u study u u of uuthe u u energy u u changes u u during u u metabolic uu reactions u u is uucalled .
A) bioinformatics
B) metabodynamics
C) thermometrics
D) bioenergetics
E) biological u u heat u u dynamics
Answer: u u D
Page uuRef: uuSection uu4
7) A uu spontaneous u u chemical u u reaction uualways u u has u u a change.
A) positive u u Gibbʹs uu free u u energy
B) negative u u Gibbʹs u u free u u energy
C) positive u u enthalpy
D) negative u u enthalpy
E) positive u u entropy
Answer: u u B
Page uuRef: uuSection uu4
2
