NREMT® EMR EXAM 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM 200
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
A 36-year-old female presents with a sudden onset of difficulty breathing. She is anxious, has intercostal
retractions and nasal flaring. Her respiratory rate is 24 breaths per minute. You do not have a pulse
oximeter. You should: - ANSWER-administer oxygen via nonrebreather mask at 15 lpm
Your 67-year-old patient recently began taking a new medication. He is complaining of a sudden onset of
severe respiratory distress. He quickly becomes semi-conscious and unable to follow verbal commands.
His pulse oximeter (SaO2) is 89%. You should: - ANSWER-assist ventilations with a BVM.
The patient has respiratory distress with inadequate breathing. The patient requires positive pressure
ventilations. CPAP and an OPA are not appropriate for a semi-conscious patient
You are on the scene of a motor vehicle accident. The driver is trapped in a vehicle that is leaking an
unknown fluid. When is it appropriate to enter the vehicle and begin patient care? - ANSWER-do not
enter until trained rescuers determine the vehicle is safe to enter.
While working out at the gym, you witness someone collapse. The patient is apneic with a pulse. You
begin performing mouth-to-mask ventilations. What percentage of oxygen is your patient receiving? -
ANSWER-16%
Exhaled air contains about 16% oxygen; consequently, a patient receiving mouth to mask ventilations
without supplemental oxygen will receive about 16% oxygen. Atmospheric air contains 21% oxygen.
You are caring for an unresponsive diabetic patient with deep, rapid respirations. The patient's blood
glucose is 480 mg/dL. What is the most likely cause of this patient's hyperventilations? - ANSWER-This
patient is likely hyperventilating due to severe acidosis.
This patient is presenting with signs of DKA and Kussmaul ventilations. The hyperventilations are most
likely due to severe acidosis. Hyperventilations will likely reduce CO2 levels. Hyperventilations cannot
rapidly lower blood glucose levels.
Your 8-year-old patient has blunt chest trauma after being struck by a car. The patient is alert. His airway
is clear, breathing is adequate, and pulses are present but weak at 110 beats per minute. Which of the
following should you do next? - ANSWER-perform a rapid scan
,Your adult patient reportedly smoked an unknown substance and passed out. The patient has
inadequate ventilations and your partner begins ventilating with the BVM. Which of the following is the
best indicator your patient is being ventilated adequately? - ANSWER-adequate bilateral chest rise and
fall during BVM ventilation.
Adult R- 12-20
Which of the following is true regarding the Emergency Response Guide (ERG): - ANSWER-The ERG
helps identify the evacuation distance for specific hazardous materials.
You are dispatched to a neighborhood park on a warm day for an 8-year-old with difficulty breathing. You
find the patient breathing adequately but with some accessory muscle use. You note expiratory wheezes
and a persistent cough. You suspect the patient is experiencing: - ANSWER-an asthma attack.
Dyspnea, accessory muscle use, wheezing, and a cough are signs common signs and symptoms of
asthma. Pulmonary edema is not common in pediatric patients and would likely cause rales, not
wheezes. The patient would not be breathing adequately with a severe airway obstruction. The signs and
symptoms of heat exhaustion would not be primarily respiratory in nature.
You are ventilating a patient with a stoma. You note air is escaping from the mouth and nose with each
breath. You should: - ANSWER-manually seal the mouth and nose.
The hypoxic respiratory drive works by monitoring: - ANSWER-oxygen levels.
You are dispatched for a homeless person found unresponsive. You find the patient prone on the
sidewalk unresponsive to pain. You should first: - ANSWER-log roll the patient into a supine position.
You are first on the scene of an overturned container truck. You note a placard, but do not recognize the
ID number. There is fluid leaking from the vehicle. You should: - ANSWER-notify your dispatcher a
hazardous materials team is needed
You are the first ambulance on the scene of a motor vehicle accident. Your first action upon arrival
should be to: - ANSWER-assess the scene for hazards.
You and your partner are preparing to lift the stretcher into the ambulance with a 300-pount patient. To
protect yourself from injury, you should: - ANSWER-keep your back straight and bend at the knees.
, While eating dinner, your partner suddenly grabs his throat and has a panicked look on his face. He is
unable to speak, has a faint inspiratory stridor and cyanosis around the lips. You should: - ANSWERstand
behind him and administer abdominal thrusts.
You are transporting a pregnant patient from an urgent care center to a high-risk OB facility. The
transferring physician tells you the patient may have an abruptio placenta. This means: - ANSWER-the
placenta is prematurely separating from the uterine wall.
Which of the following accurately describes supine hypotensive syndrome? - ANSWER-Compression of
the inferior vena cava by the uterus.
Supine hypotensive syndrome occurs when the weight of the fetus and uterus compresses the inferior
vena cava. This reduces the return of blood to the heart, reducing cardiac output and blood pressure.
You are called for a 40-year-old female with a severe headache. She is 32 weeks pregnant. The patient
history reveals she also has nausea, blurred vision and sudden edema in her face and hands. Her blood
pressure is 156/96. The patient is most likely experiencing: - ANSWER-preeclampsia.
The patient has many of the classic signs and symptoms of preeclampsia. Eclampsia includes seizure
activity. The signs and symptoms of an absence seizure and spontaneous abortion are very different than
those presented in this question.
Shock is caused by: - ANSWER-inadequate tissue perfusion.
Shock (hypoperfusion) develops as a result of inadequate tissue perfusion and disrupts the body
homeostasis. It is not typically caused by hyperactivity of an organ or systemic vasoconstriction.
Epinephrine stimulates which of the following physiological effects? - ANSWER-tachycardia.
Epinephrine stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. This causes tachycardia and peripheral
vasoconstriction. It does not have a sedative affect.
Which of the following statements about distributive shock is correct? - ANSWER-Distributive shock is
caused by widespread vasodilation.
Distributive shock is caused by systemic vasodilation. Impaired cardiac function leads to cardiogenic
shock. Severe bleeding leads to hypovolemic shock. Severe hypoglycemia leads to insulin shock.
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
A 36-year-old female presents with a sudden onset of difficulty breathing. She is anxious, has intercostal
retractions and nasal flaring. Her respiratory rate is 24 breaths per minute. You do not have a pulse
oximeter. You should: - ANSWER-administer oxygen via nonrebreather mask at 15 lpm
Your 67-year-old patient recently began taking a new medication. He is complaining of a sudden onset of
severe respiratory distress. He quickly becomes semi-conscious and unable to follow verbal commands.
His pulse oximeter (SaO2) is 89%. You should: - ANSWER-assist ventilations with a BVM.
The patient has respiratory distress with inadequate breathing. The patient requires positive pressure
ventilations. CPAP and an OPA are not appropriate for a semi-conscious patient
You are on the scene of a motor vehicle accident. The driver is trapped in a vehicle that is leaking an
unknown fluid. When is it appropriate to enter the vehicle and begin patient care? - ANSWER-do not
enter until trained rescuers determine the vehicle is safe to enter.
While working out at the gym, you witness someone collapse. The patient is apneic with a pulse. You
begin performing mouth-to-mask ventilations. What percentage of oxygen is your patient receiving? -
ANSWER-16%
Exhaled air contains about 16% oxygen; consequently, a patient receiving mouth to mask ventilations
without supplemental oxygen will receive about 16% oxygen. Atmospheric air contains 21% oxygen.
You are caring for an unresponsive diabetic patient with deep, rapid respirations. The patient's blood
glucose is 480 mg/dL. What is the most likely cause of this patient's hyperventilations? - ANSWER-This
patient is likely hyperventilating due to severe acidosis.
This patient is presenting with signs of DKA and Kussmaul ventilations. The hyperventilations are most
likely due to severe acidosis. Hyperventilations will likely reduce CO2 levels. Hyperventilations cannot
rapidly lower blood glucose levels.
Your 8-year-old patient has blunt chest trauma after being struck by a car. The patient is alert. His airway
is clear, breathing is adequate, and pulses are present but weak at 110 beats per minute. Which of the
following should you do next? - ANSWER-perform a rapid scan
,Your adult patient reportedly smoked an unknown substance and passed out. The patient has
inadequate ventilations and your partner begins ventilating with the BVM. Which of the following is the
best indicator your patient is being ventilated adequately? - ANSWER-adequate bilateral chest rise and
fall during BVM ventilation.
Adult R- 12-20
Which of the following is true regarding the Emergency Response Guide (ERG): - ANSWER-The ERG
helps identify the evacuation distance for specific hazardous materials.
You are dispatched to a neighborhood park on a warm day for an 8-year-old with difficulty breathing. You
find the patient breathing adequately but with some accessory muscle use. You note expiratory wheezes
and a persistent cough. You suspect the patient is experiencing: - ANSWER-an asthma attack.
Dyspnea, accessory muscle use, wheezing, and a cough are signs common signs and symptoms of
asthma. Pulmonary edema is not common in pediatric patients and would likely cause rales, not
wheezes. The patient would not be breathing adequately with a severe airway obstruction. The signs and
symptoms of heat exhaustion would not be primarily respiratory in nature.
You are ventilating a patient with a stoma. You note air is escaping from the mouth and nose with each
breath. You should: - ANSWER-manually seal the mouth and nose.
The hypoxic respiratory drive works by monitoring: - ANSWER-oxygen levels.
You are dispatched for a homeless person found unresponsive. You find the patient prone on the
sidewalk unresponsive to pain. You should first: - ANSWER-log roll the patient into a supine position.
You are first on the scene of an overturned container truck. You note a placard, but do not recognize the
ID number. There is fluid leaking from the vehicle. You should: - ANSWER-notify your dispatcher a
hazardous materials team is needed
You are the first ambulance on the scene of a motor vehicle accident. Your first action upon arrival
should be to: - ANSWER-assess the scene for hazards.
You and your partner are preparing to lift the stretcher into the ambulance with a 300-pount patient. To
protect yourself from injury, you should: - ANSWER-keep your back straight and bend at the knees.
, While eating dinner, your partner suddenly grabs his throat and has a panicked look on his face. He is
unable to speak, has a faint inspiratory stridor and cyanosis around the lips. You should: - ANSWERstand
behind him and administer abdominal thrusts.
You are transporting a pregnant patient from an urgent care center to a high-risk OB facility. The
transferring physician tells you the patient may have an abruptio placenta. This means: - ANSWER-the
placenta is prematurely separating from the uterine wall.
Which of the following accurately describes supine hypotensive syndrome? - ANSWER-Compression of
the inferior vena cava by the uterus.
Supine hypotensive syndrome occurs when the weight of the fetus and uterus compresses the inferior
vena cava. This reduces the return of blood to the heart, reducing cardiac output and blood pressure.
You are called for a 40-year-old female with a severe headache. She is 32 weeks pregnant. The patient
history reveals she also has nausea, blurred vision and sudden edema in her face and hands. Her blood
pressure is 156/96. The patient is most likely experiencing: - ANSWER-preeclampsia.
The patient has many of the classic signs and symptoms of preeclampsia. Eclampsia includes seizure
activity. The signs and symptoms of an absence seizure and spontaneous abortion are very different than
those presented in this question.
Shock is caused by: - ANSWER-inadequate tissue perfusion.
Shock (hypoperfusion) develops as a result of inadequate tissue perfusion and disrupts the body
homeostasis. It is not typically caused by hyperactivity of an organ or systemic vasoconstriction.
Epinephrine stimulates which of the following physiological effects? - ANSWER-tachycardia.
Epinephrine stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. This causes tachycardia and peripheral
vasoconstriction. It does not have a sedative affect.
Which of the following statements about distributive shock is correct? - ANSWER-Distributive shock is
caused by widespread vasodilation.
Distributive shock is caused by systemic vasodilation. Impaired cardiac function leads to cardiogenic
shock. Severe bleeding leads to hypovolemic shock. Severe hypoglycemia leads to insulin shock.
