Fluid and Electrolytes NCLEX Questions
and Answers Already Passed
A patient with heart failure is at risk for fluid overload. Which symptom is most indicative of this
condition?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Crackles in the lungs
- C. Increased urinary output
- D. Dry skin
✔✔ B. Crackles in the lungs
Which lab result would confirm a diagnosis of hypernatremia?
- A. Sodium level of 125 mEq/L
- B. Sodium level of 148 mEq/L
- C. Sodium level of 135 mEq/L
- D. Sodium level of 110 mEq/L
✔✔ B. Sodium level of 148 mEq/L
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,A patient with a serum potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L is experiencing muscle weakness. Which
action should the nurse take first?
- A. Restrict fluid intake
- B. Administer a potassium-lowering agent
- C. Provide potassium-rich foods
- D. Monitor intake and output
✔✔ B. Administer a potassium-lowering agent
Which intervention is most appropriate for a patient with a serum calcium level of 7.5 mg/dL?
- A. Administer vitamin D supplements
- B. Restrict calcium-rich foods
- C. Encourage weight-bearing exercises
- D. Provide IV magnesium
✔✔ A. Administer vitamin D supplements
What is a common clinical manifestation of hypomagnesemia?
- A. Muscle twitching and tremors
- B. Depressed deep tendon reflexes
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,- C. Hypertension
- D. Bradycardia
✔✔ A. Muscle twitching and tremors
A patient with severe dehydration has a serum sodium level of 150 mEq/L. Which IV fluid
would the nurse anticipate administering?
- A. 3% sodium chloride
- B. D5W (5% dextrose in water)
- C. Lactated Ringer's solution
- D. 0.9% sodium chloride
✔✔ B. D5W (5% dextrose in water)
A nurse is caring for a patient with metabolic alkalosis. Which finding is most consistent with
this diagnosis?
- A. Deep, rapid respirations
- B. Slow, shallow respirations
- C. Muscle cramps
- D. Nausea and vomiting
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, ✔✔ B. Slow, shallow respirations
Which electrolyte imbalance is commonly seen in patients with chronic kidney disease?
- A. Hypokalemia
- B. Hyperphosphatemia
- C. Hypernatremia
- D. Hypocalcemia
✔✔ B. Hyperphosphatemia
A patient with prolonged diarrhea is at risk for which acid-base imbalance?
- A. Metabolic alkalosis
- B. Metabolic acidosis
- C. Respiratory acidosis
- D. Respiratory alkalosis
✔✔ B. Metabolic acidosis
A nurse is assessing a patient with hypokalemia. Which finding is most likely?
- A. Increased muscle tone
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and Answers Already Passed
A patient with heart failure is at risk for fluid overload. Which symptom is most indicative of this
condition?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Crackles in the lungs
- C. Increased urinary output
- D. Dry skin
✔✔ B. Crackles in the lungs
Which lab result would confirm a diagnosis of hypernatremia?
- A. Sodium level of 125 mEq/L
- B. Sodium level of 148 mEq/L
- C. Sodium level of 135 mEq/L
- D. Sodium level of 110 mEq/L
✔✔ B. Sodium level of 148 mEq/L
1
,A patient with a serum potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L is experiencing muscle weakness. Which
action should the nurse take first?
- A. Restrict fluid intake
- B. Administer a potassium-lowering agent
- C. Provide potassium-rich foods
- D. Monitor intake and output
✔✔ B. Administer a potassium-lowering agent
Which intervention is most appropriate for a patient with a serum calcium level of 7.5 mg/dL?
- A. Administer vitamin D supplements
- B. Restrict calcium-rich foods
- C. Encourage weight-bearing exercises
- D. Provide IV magnesium
✔✔ A. Administer vitamin D supplements
What is a common clinical manifestation of hypomagnesemia?
- A. Muscle twitching and tremors
- B. Depressed deep tendon reflexes
2
,- C. Hypertension
- D. Bradycardia
✔✔ A. Muscle twitching and tremors
A patient with severe dehydration has a serum sodium level of 150 mEq/L. Which IV fluid
would the nurse anticipate administering?
- A. 3% sodium chloride
- B. D5W (5% dextrose in water)
- C. Lactated Ringer's solution
- D. 0.9% sodium chloride
✔✔ B. D5W (5% dextrose in water)
A nurse is caring for a patient with metabolic alkalosis. Which finding is most consistent with
this diagnosis?
- A. Deep, rapid respirations
- B. Slow, shallow respirations
- C. Muscle cramps
- D. Nausea and vomiting
3
, ✔✔ B. Slow, shallow respirations
Which electrolyte imbalance is commonly seen in patients with chronic kidney disease?
- A. Hypokalemia
- B. Hyperphosphatemia
- C. Hypernatremia
- D. Hypocalcemia
✔✔ B. Hyperphosphatemia
A patient with prolonged diarrhea is at risk for which acid-base imbalance?
- A. Metabolic alkalosis
- B. Metabolic acidosis
- C. Respiratory acidosis
- D. Respiratory alkalosis
✔✔ B. Metabolic acidosis
A nurse is assessing a patient with hypokalemia. Which finding is most likely?
- A. Increased muscle tone
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