BME 284L Final Prep With
Complete Solution
Skeletal muscles have specialized receptors which convey info about _________
to the central nervous system - ANSWER muscle length, tension, pressure
muscle fibers _________ and __________ in response to the incoming impulses
from a motor neuron - ANSWER depolarize, twitch (contract)
muscle spindles are arranged in parallel with - ANSWER muscle fibers
What do intrafusal fibers do? - ANSWER Intrafusal fibers are parallel to
muscle fibers and sense how much a muscle is stretched
the majority of a muscle consist of ________ fibers - ANSWER extrafusal
Stretch (myotatic) reflex - ANSWER when a muscle is stretched, it "fights
back" and contracts
the minimal delay between a muscle stretching and the reflex contraction in
stretch (myotatic) reflex is due to its __________ pathway - ANSWER
monosynaptic
conduction velocity formula - ANSWER total path(mm) / (mean reflex
time(msec)-0.5msec)
Does the subject's reflex time change with different stimulus strengths? Why
does it or doesn't it change? - ANSWER No, increasing the stimulus strength
would not affect the subject's reflex time because the reflex occurs along the
same path length every single time. With an increased stimulus however, you
, would expect an increased reflex response. This is due to the activation of
more muscle spindle receptors and more neurons
which muscle groups are involved in the plantar flexion and in dorsiflexion of
the ankle - ANSWER plantar flexion: gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris
dorsiflexion: tibialis anterior
how does temporal summation in a neuron differ from spatial summation? -
ANSWER temporal summation: converts a rapid series of weak pulses from a
single source into one large signal
spatial summation: when several weak signals from different locations are
converted into a single larger one
What are heavily concentrated in the axonal membranes at the nodes of
Ranvier of myelinated axons? How do these structures assist in the
transmission of electrical signals? - ANSWER Sodium and potassium channels
voltage gated channels. These sodium structures allow for continuous
depolarization to occur down the axon, away from the cell body to ensure
the action potential remains strong. Potassium channels allow for resting
membrane potential to return.
Functions of gilal cells found in the central nervous system - ANSWER
Oligodendrocytes - myelination
Complete Solution
Skeletal muscles have specialized receptors which convey info about _________
to the central nervous system - ANSWER muscle length, tension, pressure
muscle fibers _________ and __________ in response to the incoming impulses
from a motor neuron - ANSWER depolarize, twitch (contract)
muscle spindles are arranged in parallel with - ANSWER muscle fibers
What do intrafusal fibers do? - ANSWER Intrafusal fibers are parallel to
muscle fibers and sense how much a muscle is stretched
the majority of a muscle consist of ________ fibers - ANSWER extrafusal
Stretch (myotatic) reflex - ANSWER when a muscle is stretched, it "fights
back" and contracts
the minimal delay between a muscle stretching and the reflex contraction in
stretch (myotatic) reflex is due to its __________ pathway - ANSWER
monosynaptic
conduction velocity formula - ANSWER total path(mm) / (mean reflex
time(msec)-0.5msec)
Does the subject's reflex time change with different stimulus strengths? Why
does it or doesn't it change? - ANSWER No, increasing the stimulus strength
would not affect the subject's reflex time because the reflex occurs along the
same path length every single time. With an increased stimulus however, you
, would expect an increased reflex response. This is due to the activation of
more muscle spindle receptors and more neurons
which muscle groups are involved in the plantar flexion and in dorsiflexion of
the ankle - ANSWER plantar flexion: gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris
dorsiflexion: tibialis anterior
how does temporal summation in a neuron differ from spatial summation? -
ANSWER temporal summation: converts a rapid series of weak pulses from a
single source into one large signal
spatial summation: when several weak signals from different locations are
converted into a single larger one
What are heavily concentrated in the axonal membranes at the nodes of
Ranvier of myelinated axons? How do these structures assist in the
transmission of electrical signals? - ANSWER Sodium and potassium channels
voltage gated channels. These sodium structures allow for continuous
depolarization to occur down the axon, away from the cell body to ensure
the action potential remains strong. Potassium channels allow for resting
membrane potential to return.
Functions of gilal cells found in the central nervous system - ANSWER
Oligodendrocytes - myelination
