EXAM 1 FNP 511 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED REVIEW SOLUTION A+

EXAM 1 FNP 511 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED REVIEW SOLUTION A+ 5. 600 A 67-year-old woman with a 30-pack-year history of smoking presents for a routine annual physical examination. She complains of being easily short of breath and is frequently fatigued. Physical examination reveals diminished breath sounds, hyperresonance, and hypertrophied respiratory accessory muscles. Her complete blood count (CBC) results reveal that her hematocrit level is elevated. Her pulmonary function test (PFT) results show increased total lung capacity. Which diagnosis is most likely? A. Bronchogenic carcinoma B. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) C. Chronic bronchitis D. Congestive heart failure Leik, Maria T. Codina, MSN, ARNP, FNP-C, AGPCNP-BC. Family Nurse Practitioner Certification Intensive Review, Fourth Edition (p. 1210). Springer Publishing Company. Kindle Edition. - ANS-B) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is a progressive lung disease that includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. The most common risk factor for COPD is long-term cigarette smoking (80%-90%). Another cause is alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and chronic fume exposure. The three cardinal symptoms of COPD are dyspnea, chronic cough, and sputum production. The lungs are hyperinflated, which changes the shape of the chest and diaphragm, making the mechanics of breathing more difficult. Excess mucus and obstructed airflow from progressive thickening and stiffening of the airways diminish breath sounds. COPD creates a high hematocrit percentage because of chronic hypoxemia. Leik, Maria T. Codina, MSN, ARNP, FNP-C, AGPCNP-BC. Family Nurse Practitioner Certification Intensive Review, Fourth Edition (pp. ). Springer Publishing Company. Kindle Edition. A middle-aged hypertensive man presents to the public health clinic with complaints of an acute onset of fever, chills, and cough that is productive of rusty-colored sputum. The patient reports episodes of sharp pains on the left side of his back and chest whenever he is coughing. His temperature is 102.2°F, pulse is 100 beats/min, and blood pressure is 130/80 mmHg. The urinalysis does not show leukocytes, nitrites, or blood. These findings are most consistent with: A. Atypical pneumonia B. Upper urinary tract infection