GLPH 271 Module 3 questions &
answers 100% correct
3 areas of health - correct answer ✔✔Group 1: Communicable disease & maternal, neonatal, nutritional
disorders
Non-communicable diseases
Injuries
Global Burden of Disease - correct answer ✔✔A measure of total health loss due to injury/diseases,
providing insight into the health status of populations
GBD Study
→ tabulates all available info about causes of death & disability in the world
→ DALYs used to report on health status
→ data broken down by age, sex, race
Group 1 - correct answer ✔✔Communicable, maternal, neonatal, & nutritional diseases
2 of 10 deaths (20%) globally
→ 50% in low-SDI regions
→ 5% in high-SDI regions
largely in low-income populations due to inadequate access to healthcare/preventative care
maternal, neonatal, & nutritional diseases are also included here because:
,→ significant interplay (ie. exacerbate or mask symptoms of communicable diseases)
→ can be caused by a communicable disease (ie. malnutrition because of intestinal worms)
→ all are more frequent in lower SDH countries
Group 2 - correct answer ✔✔Non-communicable diseases
7 of 10 deaths globally
→ 41% in low-SDI regions
→ 88% in high-SDI regions
Group 3 - correct answer ✔✔Injuries
car crashes, suicide, war
1 in 10 deaths globally
→ 12% in males
→ 6% in females
Socio-demographic index - correct answer ✔✔a summary measure that identifies where countries or
other geographic areas sit on the spectrum of development
SDI
income per person, educational attainment, fertility rate
DALY - correct answer ✔✔disability adjusted life years; overall measure of disease burden
YLD: disability & mortality.
→ multiply number of years having a condition with weighting factor
, YLL: years of life lost
→ places more weight on early mortality illnesses
→ # of deaths x (life expectancy - age of death)
GBD compare tool - correct answer ✔✔looks at patterns of disease & health trends change over time;
compare by country, age, sex
by the Institute of Health Metrics & Evaluation (IHME)
The Big Three - correct answer ✔✔HIV, TB, Malaria
50% total DALYs for low-income, 10% for high-income
HIV: 38mil total
TB: 1mil in 2019; in Canada, mostly foreign-born individuals & indigenous
Malaria: 229 mil in 2019. Canada: 538/year, 1 death/year
HIV - correct answer ✔✔A virus that attacks and destroys white blood cells → weakens immune system
38 mil globally; only 67% has access to antiretroviral therapy
→ 690,000 lost lives in 2019
→ 1.7 mil new cases
33 million lives lost to date
MoA
→ infects helper T cells; eventually causes AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)
answers 100% correct
3 areas of health - correct answer ✔✔Group 1: Communicable disease & maternal, neonatal, nutritional
disorders
Non-communicable diseases
Injuries
Global Burden of Disease - correct answer ✔✔A measure of total health loss due to injury/diseases,
providing insight into the health status of populations
GBD Study
→ tabulates all available info about causes of death & disability in the world
→ DALYs used to report on health status
→ data broken down by age, sex, race
Group 1 - correct answer ✔✔Communicable, maternal, neonatal, & nutritional diseases
2 of 10 deaths (20%) globally
→ 50% in low-SDI regions
→ 5% in high-SDI regions
largely in low-income populations due to inadequate access to healthcare/preventative care
maternal, neonatal, & nutritional diseases are also included here because:
,→ significant interplay (ie. exacerbate or mask symptoms of communicable diseases)
→ can be caused by a communicable disease (ie. malnutrition because of intestinal worms)
→ all are more frequent in lower SDH countries
Group 2 - correct answer ✔✔Non-communicable diseases
7 of 10 deaths globally
→ 41% in low-SDI regions
→ 88% in high-SDI regions
Group 3 - correct answer ✔✔Injuries
car crashes, suicide, war
1 in 10 deaths globally
→ 12% in males
→ 6% in females
Socio-demographic index - correct answer ✔✔a summary measure that identifies where countries or
other geographic areas sit on the spectrum of development
SDI
income per person, educational attainment, fertility rate
DALY - correct answer ✔✔disability adjusted life years; overall measure of disease burden
YLD: disability & mortality.
→ multiply number of years having a condition with weighting factor
, YLL: years of life lost
→ places more weight on early mortality illnesses
→ # of deaths x (life expectancy - age of death)
GBD compare tool - correct answer ✔✔looks at patterns of disease & health trends change over time;
compare by country, age, sex
by the Institute of Health Metrics & Evaluation (IHME)
The Big Three - correct answer ✔✔HIV, TB, Malaria
50% total DALYs for low-income, 10% for high-income
HIV: 38mil total
TB: 1mil in 2019; in Canada, mostly foreign-born individuals & indigenous
Malaria: 229 mil in 2019. Canada: 538/year, 1 death/year
HIV - correct answer ✔✔A virus that attacks and destroys white blood cells → weakens immune system
38 mil globally; only 67% has access to antiretroviral therapy
→ 690,000 lost lives in 2019
→ 1.7 mil new cases
33 million lives lost to date
MoA
→ infects helper T cells; eventually causes AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)
