GLPH 271 Mod 5 Cards questions well
answered already passed
traditionally, healthcare and medical interventions have focused on ______________ or
_________________ of disease
now, there's a shift to disease ________________ - correct answer ✔✔treatment, mitigation
prevention
why is there a need to focus on prevention? - correct answer ✔✔as the burden of non-communicable
(chronic) diseases rises, there's greater need to focus on prevention rather than treatment because most
of the burden of non-communicable diseases is preventable
what is the goal of disease prevention and when can preventative measures be applied? - correct answer
✔✔- minimize the incidence or effects of disease
- any stage of disease progression, with the goal of preventing future progression
list and define the 4 stages of prevention - correct answer ✔✔1. Primordial prevention - aims to prevent
the development of risk factors of diseases by targeting the underlying environmental and social
conditions that might promote them
2. Primary prevention - Identification and modification of risk factors (risk reduction) to prevent onset of
disease
3. Secondary prevention - early detection and treatment of disease before symptoms appear
4. Tertiary prevention - treatment of disease to stop its progression and control its negative
consequences
describe primordial prevention in greater detail, including examples, and where it falls on the disease
timeline - correct answer ✔✔- Primordial prevention targets underlying health determinants by
modifying social policies to improve the health of a population, for example, promoting a healthy
lifestyle by establishing safe sidewalks and public outdoor spaces
,- Other examples include economic reforms, improving childhood health through prenatal nutrition
programs, and outlawing alcohol in certain countries
- Primordial prevention occurs before disease and even risk factors are present
describe primary prevention in greater detail, including examples, and where it falls on the disease
timeline - correct answer ✔✔- primary prevention targets susceptible individuals and attempts to
prevent disease development
- it targets exposures and risk factors for specific diseases as well as ways to increase immunity
- for example, getting vaccinated
describe secondary prevention in greater detail, including examples, and where it falls on the disease
timeline - correct answer ✔✔- secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment of disease
- for example, regular mammograms to detect and treat breast cancer, and regular Papanicolaou tests to
detect and treat cervical cancer
describe tertiary prevention in greater detail, including examples, and where it falls on the disease
timeline - correct answer ✔✔- When a disease has developed and is in its clinical phase, tertiary
prevention strategies help to reduce the impact of the disease on the patients function, survival, and
quality of life
- For example, patients that have had a myocardial infarction having cardiac rehabilitation, and regular
check-ups afterwards.
explain how primordial prevention and health promotion are different - correct answer ✔✔- Primordial
prevention consists of risk factor prevention/reduction through social and environmental changes for the
entire population
- These changes are accomplished through policy and law changes
- Health promotion helps individuals increase their control over their health, by promoting skill
development and healthy habits
- Thus, health promotion is a comprehensive approach to helping people obtain their maximum
achievable health status
what are 2 important components of health promotion? - correct answer ✔✔- identification risk
- reduced average risk
, describe the Identification Risk aspect of health promotion - correct answer ✔✔- identification of
individuals susceptible to a risk factor and intervening to reduce the development of that risk is an
effective approach to health promotion
- for example, you can prevent children from developing smoking habits by helping parents to quit
smoking
describe the Reduce Average Risk aspect of health promotion - correct answer ✔✔- Reducing the
average risk level for the whole population is an effective approach to health promotion, which can be
accomplished through legislative and/or public policy changes
- For example, a policy that mandates companies to display nutritional facts on all food products, to
allow individuals to see nutritional value of products to deter them from purchasing unhealthy foods
what are the 5 important actions to facilitate health promotion, stated by the Ottawa Charter of Health
Promotion? - correct answer ✔✔- build healthy public policy
- create supportive environments
- strengthen community actions
- develop personal skills
- reorient health services
the Ottawa Charter of Health Promotion highlights the important of ___________ through all stages of
health promotion - correct answer ✔✔advocacy
health promotion at the individual and population levels targets the behaviours, environmental
conditions, social conditions, and any other factors that could lead to the development of _______
____________ - correct answer ✔✔risk factors
what are the 3 categories of risk factors? - correct answer ✔✔environmental
social
other
(examples of risk factors are often SDH)
answered already passed
traditionally, healthcare and medical interventions have focused on ______________ or
_________________ of disease
now, there's a shift to disease ________________ - correct answer ✔✔treatment, mitigation
prevention
why is there a need to focus on prevention? - correct answer ✔✔as the burden of non-communicable
(chronic) diseases rises, there's greater need to focus on prevention rather than treatment because most
of the burden of non-communicable diseases is preventable
what is the goal of disease prevention and when can preventative measures be applied? - correct answer
✔✔- minimize the incidence or effects of disease
- any stage of disease progression, with the goal of preventing future progression
list and define the 4 stages of prevention - correct answer ✔✔1. Primordial prevention - aims to prevent
the development of risk factors of diseases by targeting the underlying environmental and social
conditions that might promote them
2. Primary prevention - Identification and modification of risk factors (risk reduction) to prevent onset of
disease
3. Secondary prevention - early detection and treatment of disease before symptoms appear
4. Tertiary prevention - treatment of disease to stop its progression and control its negative
consequences
describe primordial prevention in greater detail, including examples, and where it falls on the disease
timeline - correct answer ✔✔- Primordial prevention targets underlying health determinants by
modifying social policies to improve the health of a population, for example, promoting a healthy
lifestyle by establishing safe sidewalks and public outdoor spaces
,- Other examples include economic reforms, improving childhood health through prenatal nutrition
programs, and outlawing alcohol in certain countries
- Primordial prevention occurs before disease and even risk factors are present
describe primary prevention in greater detail, including examples, and where it falls on the disease
timeline - correct answer ✔✔- primary prevention targets susceptible individuals and attempts to
prevent disease development
- it targets exposures and risk factors for specific diseases as well as ways to increase immunity
- for example, getting vaccinated
describe secondary prevention in greater detail, including examples, and where it falls on the disease
timeline - correct answer ✔✔- secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment of disease
- for example, regular mammograms to detect and treat breast cancer, and regular Papanicolaou tests to
detect and treat cervical cancer
describe tertiary prevention in greater detail, including examples, and where it falls on the disease
timeline - correct answer ✔✔- When a disease has developed and is in its clinical phase, tertiary
prevention strategies help to reduce the impact of the disease on the patients function, survival, and
quality of life
- For example, patients that have had a myocardial infarction having cardiac rehabilitation, and regular
check-ups afterwards.
explain how primordial prevention and health promotion are different - correct answer ✔✔- Primordial
prevention consists of risk factor prevention/reduction through social and environmental changes for the
entire population
- These changes are accomplished through policy and law changes
- Health promotion helps individuals increase their control over their health, by promoting skill
development and healthy habits
- Thus, health promotion is a comprehensive approach to helping people obtain their maximum
achievable health status
what are 2 important components of health promotion? - correct answer ✔✔- identification risk
- reduced average risk
, describe the Identification Risk aspect of health promotion - correct answer ✔✔- identification of
individuals susceptible to a risk factor and intervening to reduce the development of that risk is an
effective approach to health promotion
- for example, you can prevent children from developing smoking habits by helping parents to quit
smoking
describe the Reduce Average Risk aspect of health promotion - correct answer ✔✔- Reducing the
average risk level for the whole population is an effective approach to health promotion, which can be
accomplished through legislative and/or public policy changes
- For example, a policy that mandates companies to display nutritional facts on all food products, to
allow individuals to see nutritional value of products to deter them from purchasing unhealthy foods
what are the 5 important actions to facilitate health promotion, stated by the Ottawa Charter of Health
Promotion? - correct answer ✔✔- build healthy public policy
- create supportive environments
- strengthen community actions
- develop personal skills
- reorient health services
the Ottawa Charter of Health Promotion highlights the important of ___________ through all stages of
health promotion - correct answer ✔✔advocacy
health promotion at the individual and population levels targets the behaviours, environmental
conditions, social conditions, and any other factors that could lead to the development of _______
____________ - correct answer ✔✔risk factors
what are the 3 categories of risk factors? - correct answer ✔✔environmental
social
other
(examples of risk factors are often SDH)
