BME 235 Exam 1 With
Complete Solution
After cytokinesis, the cell enters the G1 phase.
True or False? - ANSWER False
Choose the correct statements regarding types of levers. Check all that apply.
1. A first-class lever is one with the fulcrum in the middle.
2. A second-class lever has the resistance in the middle.
3. A second class lever occurs at the atlanto-occipital joint of the neck, where
the muscles of the back of the neck pull down on the occipital bone of the
skull and oppose the tendency of the head to tip forward.
4. In a third-class lever, the effort is applied between the fulcrum and
resistance.
5. Most musculoskeletal levers are first-class levers. - ANSWER 1, 2, 4, 5
An action potential causes depolarization of the T tubule membrane.
True or False? - ANSWER True
The presence of calcium in the sarcoplasm is directly responsible for _____ -
ANSWER exposing the binding sites on actin
Rigor mortis occurs after death because - ANSWER detachment of
crossbridges does not occur due to the lack of ATP
,Thin filaments connect to and extend from either side of a __________. These
thin filaments are composed largely of the myofilament __________ - ANSWER
z disc; actin
Myosin heads directly use __________ to transition to their __________
conformation, which enables them ready to bind to actin. - ANSWER ATP;
energized
On the thin filament, active sites are open for the binding of __________ heads,
which allows the contraction to begin. - ANSWER myosin
In the ______________, action potentials open voltage-gated ion channels, which
leads to the release of calcium ions from the SR into the cytosol. - ANSWER
T-Tubules
Excitation-contraction coupling refers to the events that link the action
potentials on the sarcolemma to activation of the _________________. It begins
with the arrival of the _________________ at the neuromuscular junction. -
ANSWER myofilaments; action potential
Next, a wave of action potentials spreads from the end plate in all directions,
reaching the T tubules, then the __________________. - ANSWER sacroplasm
Calcium will bind to the ____________ of the thin filaments. - ANSWER troponin
Which of the following DNA sequences is complementary to 5' TAGAC 3'? -
ANSWER 5' GTCTA 3'
What are the 3 components of a nucleotide? Which component varies from
one nucleotide to another in DNA? - ANSWER sugar, phosphate group,
nitrogenous base
The step in which the muscle fiber develops tension and may shorten, is
, called _____________ It begins after the active site on actin is exposed. -
ANSWER contraction
The myosin head must have an ____________ molecule bound to it to initiate
the process. - ANSWER ATP
The head extends toward the exposed ___________ on the thin filament. -
ANSWER active site
A _______________ is formed by the attachment of the myosin head to the thin
filament. - ANSWER cross-bridge
The myosin head pushes forward, moving the thin filament toward the M
line. This is called the ________________ - ANSWER power stroke
Once more ATP binds, myosin will release from the actin and hydrolyze
another ATP. This is called the ________________ - ANSWER recovery stroke
The __________________ are found deep in the diaphyses of long bones and are
filled with yellow marrow in the adult. - ANSWER medullary cavities
Located in the middle of osteons, the ______________ contain the blood vessels,
and nervous supply of the compact bones. - ANSWER central canals
Filled with _____________, which are osteoblasts encased in matrix, ___________
are found between layers of concentric lamellae. - ANSWER osteocytes;
lacunae
Osteocytes maintain contact with neighboring osteocytes in adjacent
lamellae via dendrite-like extensions through _____________. - ANSWER
canaliculi
When levels of blood calcium _______________, parathyroid hormone is released
Complete Solution
After cytokinesis, the cell enters the G1 phase.
True or False? - ANSWER False
Choose the correct statements regarding types of levers. Check all that apply.
1. A first-class lever is one with the fulcrum in the middle.
2. A second-class lever has the resistance in the middle.
3. A second class lever occurs at the atlanto-occipital joint of the neck, where
the muscles of the back of the neck pull down on the occipital bone of the
skull and oppose the tendency of the head to tip forward.
4. In a third-class lever, the effort is applied between the fulcrum and
resistance.
5. Most musculoskeletal levers are first-class levers. - ANSWER 1, 2, 4, 5
An action potential causes depolarization of the T tubule membrane.
True or False? - ANSWER True
The presence of calcium in the sarcoplasm is directly responsible for _____ -
ANSWER exposing the binding sites on actin
Rigor mortis occurs after death because - ANSWER detachment of
crossbridges does not occur due to the lack of ATP
,Thin filaments connect to and extend from either side of a __________. These
thin filaments are composed largely of the myofilament __________ - ANSWER
z disc; actin
Myosin heads directly use __________ to transition to their __________
conformation, which enables them ready to bind to actin. - ANSWER ATP;
energized
On the thin filament, active sites are open for the binding of __________ heads,
which allows the contraction to begin. - ANSWER myosin
In the ______________, action potentials open voltage-gated ion channels, which
leads to the release of calcium ions from the SR into the cytosol. - ANSWER
T-Tubules
Excitation-contraction coupling refers to the events that link the action
potentials on the sarcolemma to activation of the _________________. It begins
with the arrival of the _________________ at the neuromuscular junction. -
ANSWER myofilaments; action potential
Next, a wave of action potentials spreads from the end plate in all directions,
reaching the T tubules, then the __________________. - ANSWER sacroplasm
Calcium will bind to the ____________ of the thin filaments. - ANSWER troponin
Which of the following DNA sequences is complementary to 5' TAGAC 3'? -
ANSWER 5' GTCTA 3'
What are the 3 components of a nucleotide? Which component varies from
one nucleotide to another in DNA? - ANSWER sugar, phosphate group,
nitrogenous base
The step in which the muscle fiber develops tension and may shorten, is
, called _____________ It begins after the active site on actin is exposed. -
ANSWER contraction
The myosin head must have an ____________ molecule bound to it to initiate
the process. - ANSWER ATP
The head extends toward the exposed ___________ on the thin filament. -
ANSWER active site
A _______________ is formed by the attachment of the myosin head to the thin
filament. - ANSWER cross-bridge
The myosin head pushes forward, moving the thin filament toward the M
line. This is called the ________________ - ANSWER power stroke
Once more ATP binds, myosin will release from the actin and hydrolyze
another ATP. This is called the ________________ - ANSWER recovery stroke
The __________________ are found deep in the diaphyses of long bones and are
filled with yellow marrow in the adult. - ANSWER medullary cavities
Located in the middle of osteons, the ______________ contain the blood vessels,
and nervous supply of the compact bones. - ANSWER central canals
Filled with _____________, which are osteoblasts encased in matrix, ___________
are found between layers of concentric lamellae. - ANSWER osteocytes;
lacunae
Osteocytes maintain contact with neighboring osteocytes in adjacent
lamellae via dendrite-like extensions through _____________. - ANSWER
canaliculi
When levels of blood calcium _______________, parathyroid hormone is released
