©JUSTTRACY EXAM SOLUTIONS
21/11/202410:55AM
Bone Mineral Density Modified Exam
Questions And Improved Responses
What is BMD? - answers✔✔A non-invasive test to measure the density of bone mineral
which allows for an early diagnosis of osteoporosis or to monitor the effects of certain
medications of bone (Chemotherapy). It can also predict fracture risk
Bone strength - answers✔✔Two factors-density and quality
BMD Purpose - answers✔✔Measure bone mineral density
Detect bone loss
Establish the diagnosis of osteoporosis
Assess an individual's risk for fracture
Assess patient response to osteoporosis therapy
Vertebral fracture assessment (L spine assessment, might have to remove it from the formula)
BMD history - answers✔✔Plain radiographs or T/L spine and mandible, not ideal because X-
ray is qualitative/not quantitative
Radiographs-40% bone loss before bone loss can be identified on the x-ray
History-Single Photon Absorptiometry (SPA) - answers✔✔1st bone densitometer used
clinically
Iodine radionuclide injected
Forearm imaging only
15 minutes
History-X-ray Absorptiometry (SXA) - answers✔✔Modification of SPA, using x-rays instead
of a radioactive source
History-Dual Photon Absorptiometry (DPA) - answers✔✔Dual energy
, ©JUSTTRACY EXAM SOLUTIONS
21/11/202410:55AM
First densitometer able to measure 2 different body parts
Hip and Spine
Used radioactive source that naturally emitted photons of 2 different energies
History-Dual Energy x-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) - answers✔✔Quantitative Computed
Tomography (QCT) Good for separating bone, not commonly used
Quantitative Ultrasound (QUS) Calcaneous-rich in trabecular bone, not for diagnosing
Bone Composition - answers✔✔Living Tissue
Ever-changing to meet metabolic and physiologic needs
Bone Matrix
90% Collagen
10% Other Proteins
Bone Mineral
Calcium
Phosphorus
Cortical (Compact) Bone - answers✔✔Extremely dense
Protective outer portion of all bones
Makes up the shaft of long bones
Highest concentration of cortical bone
Forearm
Hip
cancellous/trabecular bone - answers✔✔Very metabolically active
Inner parts of the bone
Spongy appearance
Highest concentration of cancellous bone
Spine
Greater Trochanter
21/11/202410:55AM
Bone Mineral Density Modified Exam
Questions And Improved Responses
What is BMD? - answers✔✔A non-invasive test to measure the density of bone mineral
which allows for an early diagnosis of osteoporosis or to monitor the effects of certain
medications of bone (Chemotherapy). It can also predict fracture risk
Bone strength - answers✔✔Two factors-density and quality
BMD Purpose - answers✔✔Measure bone mineral density
Detect bone loss
Establish the diagnosis of osteoporosis
Assess an individual's risk for fracture
Assess patient response to osteoporosis therapy
Vertebral fracture assessment (L spine assessment, might have to remove it from the formula)
BMD history - answers✔✔Plain radiographs or T/L spine and mandible, not ideal because X-
ray is qualitative/not quantitative
Radiographs-40% bone loss before bone loss can be identified on the x-ray
History-Single Photon Absorptiometry (SPA) - answers✔✔1st bone densitometer used
clinically
Iodine radionuclide injected
Forearm imaging only
15 minutes
History-X-ray Absorptiometry (SXA) - answers✔✔Modification of SPA, using x-rays instead
of a radioactive source
History-Dual Photon Absorptiometry (DPA) - answers✔✔Dual energy
, ©JUSTTRACY EXAM SOLUTIONS
21/11/202410:55AM
First densitometer able to measure 2 different body parts
Hip and Spine
Used radioactive source that naturally emitted photons of 2 different energies
History-Dual Energy x-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) - answers✔✔Quantitative Computed
Tomography (QCT) Good for separating bone, not commonly used
Quantitative Ultrasound (QUS) Calcaneous-rich in trabecular bone, not for diagnosing
Bone Composition - answers✔✔Living Tissue
Ever-changing to meet metabolic and physiologic needs
Bone Matrix
90% Collagen
10% Other Proteins
Bone Mineral
Calcium
Phosphorus
Cortical (Compact) Bone - answers✔✔Extremely dense
Protective outer portion of all bones
Makes up the shaft of long bones
Highest concentration of cortical bone
Forearm
Hip
cancellous/trabecular bone - answers✔✔Very metabolically active
Inner parts of the bone
Spongy appearance
Highest concentration of cancellous bone
Spine
Greater Trochanter
