FLS Written Exam
absolute contraindications to laparoscopy - -- unable to tolerate laparotomy
- hypovolemic shock
- lack of surgeon training
- no support @ hospital
relative contraindications to laparoscopy - -- can't tolerate general anesthesia
- long standing peritonitis
- large abdominal/pelvic mass
- massive hernia
- severe cardiopulmonary disease
visceral artery aneurysm - -risk of injury w/ trocar insertion
previous abdominal surgery scars can be an issue, may have intraperitoneal adhesions
CO2 - -readily absorbed, easily eliminated
increase end tidal CO2, increase arterial CO2 concentration, decrease serum pH, greatest
change is seen in the first 20 minutes
nitric oxide - -less acid base issues, can be tolerated in cardiopulmonary patients,
slightly less postoperative pain
which has less light - 5 mm 30 degree lens or 10 mm 0 degree? - -4 mm 30 degree
what is monopolar used for? - -small vessels
slow rate of bleeding
need a dry operative field
what is bipolar rused for? - -larger vessels
need a wet operative field
less lateral thermal spread
- not good for capillary vessels
gas embolus - -rare but can occur
seen less than 1 percent of the time
diagnose with severe hypotension, JVD, tachycardia, mill wheel murmur
absolute contraindications to laparoscopy - -- unable to tolerate laparotomy
- hypovolemic shock
- lack of surgeon training
- no support @ hospital
relative contraindications to laparoscopy - -- can't tolerate general anesthesia
- long standing peritonitis
- large abdominal/pelvic mass
- massive hernia
- severe cardiopulmonary disease
visceral artery aneurysm - -risk of injury w/ trocar insertion
previous abdominal surgery scars can be an issue, may have intraperitoneal adhesions
CO2 - -readily absorbed, easily eliminated
increase end tidal CO2, increase arterial CO2 concentration, decrease serum pH, greatest
change is seen in the first 20 minutes
nitric oxide - -less acid base issues, can be tolerated in cardiopulmonary patients,
slightly less postoperative pain
which has less light - 5 mm 30 degree lens or 10 mm 0 degree? - -4 mm 30 degree
what is monopolar used for? - -small vessels
slow rate of bleeding
need a dry operative field
what is bipolar rused for? - -larger vessels
need a wet operative field
less lateral thermal spread
- not good for capillary vessels
gas embolus - -rare but can occur
seen less than 1 percent of the time
diagnose with severe hypotension, JVD, tachycardia, mill wheel murmur
