Protein Synthesis
What is the mRNA codon complementary to the following DNA codons:
AAA CCC GGG TTT TGC – answer UUU GGG CCC AAA ACG
What is the complementary tRNA anticodon to the following mRNA codons?
AUG UUU CUA AAG GAC – answer UAC AAA GAU UUC CUG
What is the corresponding DNA coding strand sequence to the following tRNA
anticodon?
AAA UUU GCC CAU UAG – answer AAA TTT GCC CAT TAG
What is a codon? – answer A sequence of three bases that codes for an amino acid
What is an anticodon? - answer Three bases on the tRNA molecule that are
complementary to the mRNA codon sequence
What is an intron? - answer A non-coding section of DNA or pre-mRNA
What is pre-mRNA? - answer The exact transcription of DNA in eukaryotes: A sequence
of coding exons and non-coding introns before splicing
What is mRNA? - answer Messenger RNA
Formed after splicing (in eukaryotes) in which the non-coding introns are removed and
the exons are joined together.
If the mRNA codon for the amino acid tyrosine is UAU, what is the DNA triplet and the
tRNA anticodon? - answer DNA: ATA
tRNA: AUA
Give two ways in which the structure of a molecule of tRNA differs from the structure of
a molecule of mRNA? - answer1. mRNA is linear, tRNA is clover shaped
2. tRNA has intramolecular base pairing with hydrogen bonds between base pairs,
mRNA doesn’t
3. tRNA has an anticodon, mRNA has a codon
Starting with mRNA describe how the process of translation leads to the production of a
polypeptide? - answer1. mRNA leaves the nucleolus through nuclear pores
2. attaching to ribosomes in the cytoplasm which read the mRNA from the 5' end to the
3' end
3. the codon on mRNA binds to a complementary anticodon on tRNA
4. Each tRNA molecule carries an amino acid specific to its anticodon
What is the mRNA codon complementary to the following DNA codons:
AAA CCC GGG TTT TGC – answer UUU GGG CCC AAA ACG
What is the complementary tRNA anticodon to the following mRNA codons?
AUG UUU CUA AAG GAC – answer UAC AAA GAU UUC CUG
What is the corresponding DNA coding strand sequence to the following tRNA
anticodon?
AAA UUU GCC CAU UAG – answer AAA TTT GCC CAT TAG
What is a codon? – answer A sequence of three bases that codes for an amino acid
What is an anticodon? - answer Three bases on the tRNA molecule that are
complementary to the mRNA codon sequence
What is an intron? - answer A non-coding section of DNA or pre-mRNA
What is pre-mRNA? - answer The exact transcription of DNA in eukaryotes: A sequence
of coding exons and non-coding introns before splicing
What is mRNA? - answer Messenger RNA
Formed after splicing (in eukaryotes) in which the non-coding introns are removed and
the exons are joined together.
If the mRNA codon for the amino acid tyrosine is UAU, what is the DNA triplet and the
tRNA anticodon? - answer DNA: ATA
tRNA: AUA
Give two ways in which the structure of a molecule of tRNA differs from the structure of
a molecule of mRNA? - answer1. mRNA is linear, tRNA is clover shaped
2. tRNA has intramolecular base pairing with hydrogen bonds between base pairs,
mRNA doesn’t
3. tRNA has an anticodon, mRNA has a codon
Starting with mRNA describe how the process of translation leads to the production of a
polypeptide? - answer1. mRNA leaves the nucleolus through nuclear pores
2. attaching to ribosomes in the cytoplasm which read the mRNA from the 5' end to the
3' end
3. the codon on mRNA binds to a complementary anticodon on tRNA
4. Each tRNA molecule carries an amino acid specific to its anticodon
