COMD 5070 CHAPTER 7 REVIEW
QUESTIONS BEHRMAN
A constriction in the vocal tract produced closer to the lips than the larynx is said to
be - answer-upstream
A downstream constriction is - answer-located closer to the mouth
A synonym for suprasegmental features is___ - answer-prosody
A velar pinch is a coming together of - answer-
Acoustically, approximates are ___from vowels - answer-similar
Affricates are produced as a combination of a ___ and a ___ - answer-plosive,
fricative
All nasals are - answer-voiced
Alveolar and palatal fricatives are produced with a relatively high degree of
constriction, resulting in a ___frequency noise - answer-high
Approximants are produced with a ____degree of constriction than fricatives -
answer-lesser
Approximants include the alveolar /j/ and the bilabial /w/, both of which are also
called: - answer-glides or semivowels
Aspiration, which may occur upon release of the close portion of a stop, is caused
by the noise associated with ___flow of air exiting the oral cavity - answer-turbulent
Because of a number of shared attributes, stops and fricatives are called: - answer-
obstruents
Both /r/ and /l/ have a light and ___allophonic variation - answer-dark
Children begin to produce the voicing contrast first in syllable-initial posit between
what months of age? - answer-15 to 30
During voiceless plosives, intramural pressure rises anywhere from - answer-three
to seven cm of H2O
For both light and dark productions of /l/, what kind of coarticulatory effects are
seen? - answer-minimal
For sound /h/, the contraction of the vocal tract is produced: - answer-far upstream
, From infancy to adulthood, the vocal tract increases by more than how many times
its length? - answer-two
Fundamental frequency declination refers to the tendency for pitch to ____gradually
over the course of an utterance - answer-decrease
How thick is the pseudo palate? - answer-1 to 2.5 cm
In comparison with the phonemes produced in initial position, particularly for voiced
cognates, the same phonemes in utterance-final position tend to be produced with -
answer-less intraoral pressure
In general, children use - answer-higher intraoral air pressure than adults
In pre boundary lengthening, the duration of a syllable is lengthened to indicate ___
- answer-a boundary
In regard to their place of articulation, both the liquids /r/ and /l/ are usually
identified as: - answer-alveolar
In the case of voiceless fricatives, the only sound source is____ - answer-frication
noise
Instrumentation which captures the movement of one or more individual
articulators using pieces that are physically attached to the articulators and then
tracked with sensors, are called ___instruments. - answer-point tracking
Intraoral pressure varies as a function of intensity and phoneme position. Intensity
is approximately proportional to the - answer-lung pressure
Juncture is the separation between ____ and ____ - answer-time, syllables
Nasalance is not a measure of nasal airflow, but rather, of the ratio of ___ energy to
_______energy, as measured from the acoustic airflow. - answer-nasal, nasal plus
oral
On average, intraoral air pressure for voiceless plosives and fricatives ranges from
approximately ___to ___cm H20 - answer-3, 7/8
On average, the velopharyngeal port movement leads (in VC combinations) and
lags behind (in CV combinations) the release of the oral occlusion by approximately:
- answer-
Production of sound that is influenced by the sound immediately preceding it is an
example of ___coarticulations - answer-retentive
Stop/nasal pairs that are equivalent in place of articulation, except for the position
of the velopharyngeal port, are called___ - answer-homorganic
QUESTIONS BEHRMAN
A constriction in the vocal tract produced closer to the lips than the larynx is said to
be - answer-upstream
A downstream constriction is - answer-located closer to the mouth
A synonym for suprasegmental features is___ - answer-prosody
A velar pinch is a coming together of - answer-
Acoustically, approximates are ___from vowels - answer-similar
Affricates are produced as a combination of a ___ and a ___ - answer-plosive,
fricative
All nasals are - answer-voiced
Alveolar and palatal fricatives are produced with a relatively high degree of
constriction, resulting in a ___frequency noise - answer-high
Approximants are produced with a ____degree of constriction than fricatives -
answer-lesser
Approximants include the alveolar /j/ and the bilabial /w/, both of which are also
called: - answer-glides or semivowels
Aspiration, which may occur upon release of the close portion of a stop, is caused
by the noise associated with ___flow of air exiting the oral cavity - answer-turbulent
Because of a number of shared attributes, stops and fricatives are called: - answer-
obstruents
Both /r/ and /l/ have a light and ___allophonic variation - answer-dark
Children begin to produce the voicing contrast first in syllable-initial posit between
what months of age? - answer-15 to 30
During voiceless plosives, intramural pressure rises anywhere from - answer-three
to seven cm of H2O
For both light and dark productions of /l/, what kind of coarticulatory effects are
seen? - answer-minimal
For sound /h/, the contraction of the vocal tract is produced: - answer-far upstream
, From infancy to adulthood, the vocal tract increases by more than how many times
its length? - answer-two
Fundamental frequency declination refers to the tendency for pitch to ____gradually
over the course of an utterance - answer-decrease
How thick is the pseudo palate? - answer-1 to 2.5 cm
In comparison with the phonemes produced in initial position, particularly for voiced
cognates, the same phonemes in utterance-final position tend to be produced with -
answer-less intraoral pressure
In general, children use - answer-higher intraoral air pressure than adults
In pre boundary lengthening, the duration of a syllable is lengthened to indicate ___
- answer-a boundary
In regard to their place of articulation, both the liquids /r/ and /l/ are usually
identified as: - answer-alveolar
In the case of voiceless fricatives, the only sound source is____ - answer-frication
noise
Instrumentation which captures the movement of one or more individual
articulators using pieces that are physically attached to the articulators and then
tracked with sensors, are called ___instruments. - answer-point tracking
Intraoral pressure varies as a function of intensity and phoneme position. Intensity
is approximately proportional to the - answer-lung pressure
Juncture is the separation between ____ and ____ - answer-time, syllables
Nasalance is not a measure of nasal airflow, but rather, of the ratio of ___ energy to
_______energy, as measured from the acoustic airflow. - answer-nasal, nasal plus
oral
On average, intraoral air pressure for voiceless plosives and fricatives ranges from
approximately ___to ___cm H20 - answer-3, 7/8
On average, the velopharyngeal port movement leads (in VC combinations) and
lags behind (in CV combinations) the release of the oral occlusion by approximately:
- answer-
Production of sound that is influenced by the sound immediately preceding it is an
example of ___coarticulations - answer-retentive
Stop/nasal pairs that are equivalent in place of articulation, except for the position
of the velopharyngeal port, are called___ - answer-homorganic
