CS6400 Exam Prep Questions and Answers Verified
100% Correct
redundancy - ✔✔storing the same data multiple times
data normalization - ✔✔database design that stores each logical data item—such as a
student's name or birth date—in only one place in the database.
Controlled Redundancy - ✔✔maintains replicas or exact copies.
Denormalization - ✔✔The process of transforming normalized relations into non-normalized
physical record specifications
Persistent Storage - ✔✔The storage of data in a non-volatile storage medium such as a hard
drive. In the absence of persistent data storage, data would only be stored in RAM (random
access memory) and would be lost whenever the device lost power.
impedance mismatch problem - ✔✔data structures provided by the DBMS were
incompatible with the programming language's data structures
Indexes - ✔✔Auxiliary files for efficiently executing queries and updates
buffering or caching module - ✔✔maintains parts of the database in main memory buffers
query processing and optimization module - ✔✔responsible for choosing an efficient query
execution plan for each query based on the existing storage structures.
backup and recovery subsystem - ✔✔provide facilities for recovering from hardware or
software failures
,integrity constraints - ✔✔rules that help ensure the quality of information
Referential Integrity - ✔✔A rule that prevents orphaned records.
deductive database systems - ✔✔provide capabilities for defining deduction rules for
inferencing new information from the stored database facts
Triggers - ✔✔is a form of a rule activated by updates to the table, which results in
performing some additional operations to some other tables, sending messages, and so on.
stored procedures - ✔✔More involved procedures to enforce rules
active database systems - ✔✔provide active rules that can automatically initiate actions
when certain events and conditions occur
Implications of Using the Database Approach - ✔✔-Potential for Enforcing Standards
-Reduced Application Development Time
-Flexibility
-Availability of Up-to-Date Information
-Economies of Scale
Extending Database Capabilities for New Applications - ✔✔-Scientific applications that store
large amounts of data resulting from scientific experiments
-Storage and retrieval of images
-Storage and retrieval of videos
-Data mining applications that analyze large amounts of data
-Spatial applications that store and analyze spatial locations of data
, -Time series applications that store information such as economic data at regular points in time,
When Not to Use a DBMS - ✔✔-High initial investment in hardware, software, and training
-The generality that a DBMS provides for defining and processing data
-Overhead for providing security, concurrency control, recovery, and integrity functions
server module - ✔✔typically handles data storage, access, search, and other functions
client module - ✔✔Typically, application programs and user interfaces that access the
database run in the client module
Data Abstraction - ✔✔suppression of details of data organization and storage, and the
highlighting of the essential features for an improved understanding of data
data model - ✔✔a collection of concepts that can be used to describe the structure of a
database—provides the necessary means to achieve this abstraction
structure of database - ✔✔Data types, relationships and constraints
High-level or conceptual data models - ✔✔provide concepts that are close to the way many
users perceive data
Low-level or physical data models - ✔✔describe the details of how data is stored on
computer storage media
representational data models - ✔✔provide concepts that may be easily understood by end
users but that are not too far removed from the way data is organized in computer storage
100% Correct
redundancy - ✔✔storing the same data multiple times
data normalization - ✔✔database design that stores each logical data item—such as a
student's name or birth date—in only one place in the database.
Controlled Redundancy - ✔✔maintains replicas or exact copies.
Denormalization - ✔✔The process of transforming normalized relations into non-normalized
physical record specifications
Persistent Storage - ✔✔The storage of data in a non-volatile storage medium such as a hard
drive. In the absence of persistent data storage, data would only be stored in RAM (random
access memory) and would be lost whenever the device lost power.
impedance mismatch problem - ✔✔data structures provided by the DBMS were
incompatible with the programming language's data structures
Indexes - ✔✔Auxiliary files for efficiently executing queries and updates
buffering or caching module - ✔✔maintains parts of the database in main memory buffers
query processing and optimization module - ✔✔responsible for choosing an efficient query
execution plan for each query based on the existing storage structures.
backup and recovery subsystem - ✔✔provide facilities for recovering from hardware or
software failures
,integrity constraints - ✔✔rules that help ensure the quality of information
Referential Integrity - ✔✔A rule that prevents orphaned records.
deductive database systems - ✔✔provide capabilities for defining deduction rules for
inferencing new information from the stored database facts
Triggers - ✔✔is a form of a rule activated by updates to the table, which results in
performing some additional operations to some other tables, sending messages, and so on.
stored procedures - ✔✔More involved procedures to enforce rules
active database systems - ✔✔provide active rules that can automatically initiate actions
when certain events and conditions occur
Implications of Using the Database Approach - ✔✔-Potential for Enforcing Standards
-Reduced Application Development Time
-Flexibility
-Availability of Up-to-Date Information
-Economies of Scale
Extending Database Capabilities for New Applications - ✔✔-Scientific applications that store
large amounts of data resulting from scientific experiments
-Storage and retrieval of images
-Storage and retrieval of videos
-Data mining applications that analyze large amounts of data
-Spatial applications that store and analyze spatial locations of data
, -Time series applications that store information such as economic data at regular points in time,
When Not to Use a DBMS - ✔✔-High initial investment in hardware, software, and training
-The generality that a DBMS provides for defining and processing data
-Overhead for providing security, concurrency control, recovery, and integrity functions
server module - ✔✔typically handles data storage, access, search, and other functions
client module - ✔✔Typically, application programs and user interfaces that access the
database run in the client module
Data Abstraction - ✔✔suppression of details of data organization and storage, and the
highlighting of the essential features for an improved understanding of data
data model - ✔✔a collection of concepts that can be used to describe the structure of a
database—provides the necessary means to achieve this abstraction
structure of database - ✔✔Data types, relationships and constraints
High-level or conceptual data models - ✔✔provide concepts that are close to the way many
users perceive data
Low-level or physical data models - ✔✔describe the details of how data is stored on
computer storage media
representational data models - ✔✔provide concepts that may be easily understood by end
users but that are not too far removed from the way data is organized in computer storage
