TExES PPR Concepts and Terms With Complete
Solutions 100% Correct
Ability grouping - ANSWER A type of grouping in which students are placed together
according to their skill level, in high, middle or low groups. The TExES exam does not
like this practice as research indicates that it is not very effective and has some
negative consequences.
abstract - ANSWER Characterized only in thought; non-concrete. Considered apart from
concrete existence.Not applied or practical; theoretical.
Active Engagement-student are actually doing something with the activity meaningfully,
hands-on. Such an activity is more apt to allow students to grasp a concept or lesson
better.
active listening - ANSWER Paying close attention to what is currently being said. Often
the listener is silently making mental notes and focusing on not just the content, but also
any emotional content, as well, and connecting what is being said to prior knowledge
and experience.
age appropriate ANSWER Instructional lessons, activities, etc, that fit the development,
language and ability level of the child. This is not necessarily the same thing as
developmentally appropriate, since a child's developmental level may not be the same
as his/her age level.
alternate assessment - ANSWER A type of test other than a conventional test. It is
sometimes used with students who cannot take a conventional test for some reason or
for whom a conventional test is not an accurate assessment of their knowledge or
ability.
analysis - ANSWER Taking knowledge apart to understand how it fits together. It is one
of the higher order thinking skills.
,application Applying or using what is known to solve an actual problem.
Admission, Review, and Dismissal (ARD) Committee In Texas a team that determines if a
student qualifies for special education services, periodically reviews the student's
eligibility, and decides what individual education plan is appropriate for the student.
assessment The process of keeping track of student learning; the process of testing;
identifying a judgment of a student performance in a specific skill or knowledge domain;
encompasses a multitude of various approaches and formats, formal, informal and
authentic assessment methods.
assimilation (Piaget) - ANSWER According to Piaget this is the process of fitting new
ideas or concepts into existing ideas or concepts. It suggests that a child may change or
alter what he perceives in the outside world in order to fit his internal world.
authentic assessment - ANSWER Using evaluations procedures that measure exactly
what learning has occurred. It literally means "real" and usually consists of a product
that the student produces to demonstrate knowledge or mastery of a skill.
autonomy - ANSWER The process of becoming independent and regulating one's own
behavior.
Bloom's Taxonomy- ANSWER This is a classification tool proposed by Benjamin Bloom
developed to categorize learning from low level thinking to very high level thinking.
Knowledge of or understanding something - a concept, content information, behavior,
etc. Often combined with reading (reading comprehension) to mean that someone
remembers and understands what was read. However it is not used exclusively with
reading.
constructivism - ANSWER An instructional approach based on the theory on the idea
that children build understanding by an active learning process. Students build their
, own learning and knowledge by exploration, discovery and questioning.
content validity - ANSWER How well a test measures what is was designed to measure.
convergent thinking - ANSWER Involves combining or joining different ideas together
Based on elements these ideas have in common. In short, it means putting the different
pieces of a topic back together in some organized, structured and understandable
fashion. Convergent thinking, then, is an essential part of the outlining and organizing
process.
Deductive reasoning ANSWER The process of thinking from general terms to specific
terms, framing thinks so as to eliminate ideas or possibilities one by one.
English as a Second Language ESL ANSWER A program for teaching the English
language to children whose first language is not English, although in practice it is much
more comprehensive than this and includes the teaching of academic content to
students with limited English proficiency. It involves effective instructional strategies for
teaching of English to non-native speakers.
ethical behavior - ANSWER Acting in the highest moral principles and values. For
educators in Texas it means behavior and practices that conform to the Texas
Educators' Code of Ethics
evaluation - ANSWER Critical thinking that involves making and supporting judgments.
This is one of the higher order thinking skills in Bloom's Taxonomy.
extrinsic motivation-ANS Wanting to do something, behaving in a certain way or
achieving something because of some type of external reward. The reward could be
something tangible, i.e. money, food, etc. or it could be intangible, i.e. praise, better
grade, etc.
formal assessment A measure of knowledge or skill acquisition through a standardized
test, very often commercially published though not necessarily commercially published
to be considered formal, but it would have to be standardized.
Solutions 100% Correct
Ability grouping - ANSWER A type of grouping in which students are placed together
according to their skill level, in high, middle or low groups. The TExES exam does not
like this practice as research indicates that it is not very effective and has some
negative consequences.
abstract - ANSWER Characterized only in thought; non-concrete. Considered apart from
concrete existence.Not applied or practical; theoretical.
Active Engagement-student are actually doing something with the activity meaningfully,
hands-on. Such an activity is more apt to allow students to grasp a concept or lesson
better.
active listening - ANSWER Paying close attention to what is currently being said. Often
the listener is silently making mental notes and focusing on not just the content, but also
any emotional content, as well, and connecting what is being said to prior knowledge
and experience.
age appropriate ANSWER Instructional lessons, activities, etc, that fit the development,
language and ability level of the child. This is not necessarily the same thing as
developmentally appropriate, since a child's developmental level may not be the same
as his/her age level.
alternate assessment - ANSWER A type of test other than a conventional test. It is
sometimes used with students who cannot take a conventional test for some reason or
for whom a conventional test is not an accurate assessment of their knowledge or
ability.
analysis - ANSWER Taking knowledge apart to understand how it fits together. It is one
of the higher order thinking skills.
,application Applying or using what is known to solve an actual problem.
Admission, Review, and Dismissal (ARD) Committee In Texas a team that determines if a
student qualifies for special education services, periodically reviews the student's
eligibility, and decides what individual education plan is appropriate for the student.
assessment The process of keeping track of student learning; the process of testing;
identifying a judgment of a student performance in a specific skill or knowledge domain;
encompasses a multitude of various approaches and formats, formal, informal and
authentic assessment methods.
assimilation (Piaget) - ANSWER According to Piaget this is the process of fitting new
ideas or concepts into existing ideas or concepts. It suggests that a child may change or
alter what he perceives in the outside world in order to fit his internal world.
authentic assessment - ANSWER Using evaluations procedures that measure exactly
what learning has occurred. It literally means "real" and usually consists of a product
that the student produces to demonstrate knowledge or mastery of a skill.
autonomy - ANSWER The process of becoming independent and regulating one's own
behavior.
Bloom's Taxonomy- ANSWER This is a classification tool proposed by Benjamin Bloom
developed to categorize learning from low level thinking to very high level thinking.
Knowledge of or understanding something - a concept, content information, behavior,
etc. Often combined with reading (reading comprehension) to mean that someone
remembers and understands what was read. However it is not used exclusively with
reading.
constructivism - ANSWER An instructional approach based on the theory on the idea
that children build understanding by an active learning process. Students build their
, own learning and knowledge by exploration, discovery and questioning.
content validity - ANSWER How well a test measures what is was designed to measure.
convergent thinking - ANSWER Involves combining or joining different ideas together
Based on elements these ideas have in common. In short, it means putting the different
pieces of a topic back together in some organized, structured and understandable
fashion. Convergent thinking, then, is an essential part of the outlining and organizing
process.
Deductive reasoning ANSWER The process of thinking from general terms to specific
terms, framing thinks so as to eliminate ideas or possibilities one by one.
English as a Second Language ESL ANSWER A program for teaching the English
language to children whose first language is not English, although in practice it is much
more comprehensive than this and includes the teaching of academic content to
students with limited English proficiency. It involves effective instructional strategies for
teaching of English to non-native speakers.
ethical behavior - ANSWER Acting in the highest moral principles and values. For
educators in Texas it means behavior and practices that conform to the Texas
Educators' Code of Ethics
evaluation - ANSWER Critical thinking that involves making and supporting judgments.
This is one of the higher order thinking skills in Bloom's Taxonomy.
extrinsic motivation-ANS Wanting to do something, behaving in a certain way or
achieving something because of some type of external reward. The reward could be
something tangible, i.e. money, food, etc. or it could be intangible, i.e. praise, better
grade, etc.
formal assessment A measure of knowledge or skill acquisition through a standardized
test, very often commercially published though not necessarily commercially published
to be considered formal, but it would have to be standardized.
