, 2/23/23
Acute Pancreatitis
Priority is Pancreas ( liver, gall bladder,
pancreas) Function of the pancreas
Pancreas disorder - acute pancreatitis, Endocrine - regulates blood glucose , releases insulin
chronic pancreatic cancer Exocrine —> GI tract function - releases powerful
enzymes—> extract nutrients —> go to small intensities. Priority
is GI tract function Exocrine.
-> power enzymes help extract the nutrients from the food that
we eat ( carbohydrates, fats and protein).
-> once the pancreatic enzymes are released they go into a
small intestine which absorbs the nutrients.
RISK FACTORS
1. Male —> excessive ethanol (alcohol) use — ETOH abuse, binge drinking
2. Female —> presence of gallstones (Cholelithiasis)
3. Hereditary pancreatitis (rare but dangerous, can turn to cancer)
4. Idiopathic (unknown origin) ((rare)
5. Autoimmune —> produce own antibodies that attack the pancreas (rare)
6. Trauma to the abdomen
7. Drug induced pancreatitis —> such as HIV meds , Valproic acid (anti epileptic), diuretics (furosemide, HCTZ,
chlorathaledone; sulfa drug, steroids.
8. Snake or scorpion bites
9. Infections - MUMPS, CMV(HIV)
10. Hypertriglecidemia (elevated triglycerides (<150 normal levels), hypercalcemia (elevated calcium levels 8.5-10.5)
11. Cancer, obstruction, tumor
12. ERCP - Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography can induce pancreatitis. The ERCP procedure is used to
visualize biliary tree, done for patient who are suspected to have bile duct stones.
13. Pancreatitis is considered an emergency. (ICU)
14. Blockage to the bile duct that is caused by cystic fibrosis ( pediatric)
Pathophysiology
—— Due to damage of the pancreas the pancreas enzymes release Premature pancreatic enzymes —> auto
digestions ( when the enzymes are constantly released even when there is no food and the pancreas starts “eating”
itself —> internal bleeding, necrosis —> sepsis
—— Hypovolemic or hemorrhagic shock, septic shock
——Acute hemorrhage necrotizing pancreatitis (worst time) pt can die
Acute Pancreatitis
Priority is Pancreas ( liver, gall bladder,
pancreas) Function of the pancreas
Pancreas disorder - acute pancreatitis, Endocrine - regulates blood glucose , releases insulin
chronic pancreatic cancer Exocrine —> GI tract function - releases powerful
enzymes—> extract nutrients —> go to small intensities. Priority
is GI tract function Exocrine.
-> power enzymes help extract the nutrients from the food that
we eat ( carbohydrates, fats and protein).
-> once the pancreatic enzymes are released they go into a
small intestine which absorbs the nutrients.
RISK FACTORS
1. Male —> excessive ethanol (alcohol) use — ETOH abuse, binge drinking
2. Female —> presence of gallstones (Cholelithiasis)
3. Hereditary pancreatitis (rare but dangerous, can turn to cancer)
4. Idiopathic (unknown origin) ((rare)
5. Autoimmune —> produce own antibodies that attack the pancreas (rare)
6. Trauma to the abdomen
7. Drug induced pancreatitis —> such as HIV meds , Valproic acid (anti epileptic), diuretics (furosemide, HCTZ,
chlorathaledone; sulfa drug, steroids.
8. Snake or scorpion bites
9. Infections - MUMPS, CMV(HIV)
10. Hypertriglecidemia (elevated triglycerides (<150 normal levels), hypercalcemia (elevated calcium levels 8.5-10.5)
11. Cancer, obstruction, tumor
12. ERCP - Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography can induce pancreatitis. The ERCP procedure is used to
visualize biliary tree, done for patient who are suspected to have bile duct stones.
13. Pancreatitis is considered an emergency. (ICU)
14. Blockage to the bile duct that is caused by cystic fibrosis ( pediatric)
Pathophysiology
—— Due to damage of the pancreas the pancreas enzymes release Premature pancreatic enzymes —> auto
digestions ( when the enzymes are constantly released even when there is no food and the pancreas starts “eating”
itself —> internal bleeding, necrosis —> sepsis
—— Hypovolemic or hemorrhagic shock, septic shock
——Acute hemorrhage necrotizing pancreatitis (worst time) pt can die
