Visual Anatomy and Physiology 3rd Edition Martini
Questions & Answers with rationales (Chapter 3)
nuclear pores - (answers)structures in the nuclear envelope that allow passage of
certain materials between the cell nucleus and the cytoplasm
Nucleoplasm - (answers)viscous fluid enclosed by the nuclear envelope
Nucleoli - (answers)Areas in nucleus with high concentrations of protein and RNA
molecules; ribosomes assembled here
cholesterol - (answers)component of plasma membrane that "stiffens" the
membrane making it less fluid and less permeable
AMPHIPATHIC - (answers)HAS BOTH HYDROPHOBIC AND
HYDROPHILIC PORTIONS
ANCHORING PROTEINS - (answers)ATTACH THE PLASMA MEMBRANE
TO OTHER STRUCTURES AND STABILIZE ITS POSITION
RECOGNITION PROTEINS - (answers)DETECTED BY CELLS OF THE
IMMUNE SYSTEM
ENZYMES - (answers)PLASMA MEMBRANES MAY BE INTEGRAL OR
PERIPHERAL PROTEINS
,RECEPTOR PROTEINS - (answers)BIND TO SPECIFIC EXTRACELLULAR
MOLECULES
LIGANDS - (answers)ANYTHING FROM A SMALL ION LIKE CALCIUM TO
A RELATIVELY LARGE AND COMPLEX HORMONE
CARRIER PROTEINS - (answers)BIND SOLUTES AND TRANSPORT THEM
ACROSS THE PLASMA MEMBRANE
CHANNELS - (answers)INTEGRAL PROTEINS CONTAINING A CENTRAL
PORE THAT FORMS A PASSAGEWAY COMPLETELY THROUGH THE
PLASMA MEMBRANE
MICROVILLI - (answers)FINGER SHAPED EXTENSIONS OF THE PLASMA
MEMBRANES THAT INCREASE SURFACE AREA TO FACILITATE
ABSORPTION OF EXTRACELLULAR MATERIALS
MICROFILAMENTS - (answers)THE SMALLEST OF THE CYTOSKELETAL
ELEMENTS
ACTIN - (answers)THE PROTEIN THAT MAKES UP MICROFILAMENTS
TERMINAL WEB - (answers)LAYER OF MICROFILAMENTS JUST INSIDE
THE PLASMA MEMBRANE AT THE EXPOSED SURFACE OF A CELL
, INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS - (answers)LARGEST COMPONENTS OF THE
CYTOSKELETON, EXTEND FROM THE CENTROSOME
CENTRIOLES - (answers)ORGANIZE MICROTUBULES IN THE SPINDLE TO
MOVE CHROMOSOMES DURING CELL DIVISION
CILIA - (answers)PROPEL FLUIDS OR SOLIDS ACROSS CELL SURFACE
AND CAN DETECT ENVIRONMENTAL STIMULI
FLAGELLA - (answers)PROPELS SPERM
SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM - (answers)LACKS RIBOSOMES,
TUBULAR CISTERNAE
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM - (answers)WHERE MANY NEWLY
SYNTHESIZED PROTEINS ARE CHEMICALLY MODIFIED AND
PACKAGED FOR THE GOLGI APPARATUS
MEMBRANE RENEWAL VESICLES - (answers)ADD TO THE SURFACE
AREA OF THE PLASMA MEMBRANE
SECRETORY VESICLES - (answers)CONTAIN PRODUCTS THAT WILL BE
DISCHARGED FROM THE CELL BY EXOCYTOSIS
Questions & Answers with rationales (Chapter 3)
nuclear pores - (answers)structures in the nuclear envelope that allow passage of
certain materials between the cell nucleus and the cytoplasm
Nucleoplasm - (answers)viscous fluid enclosed by the nuclear envelope
Nucleoli - (answers)Areas in nucleus with high concentrations of protein and RNA
molecules; ribosomes assembled here
cholesterol - (answers)component of plasma membrane that "stiffens" the
membrane making it less fluid and less permeable
AMPHIPATHIC - (answers)HAS BOTH HYDROPHOBIC AND
HYDROPHILIC PORTIONS
ANCHORING PROTEINS - (answers)ATTACH THE PLASMA MEMBRANE
TO OTHER STRUCTURES AND STABILIZE ITS POSITION
RECOGNITION PROTEINS - (answers)DETECTED BY CELLS OF THE
IMMUNE SYSTEM
ENZYMES - (answers)PLASMA MEMBRANES MAY BE INTEGRAL OR
PERIPHERAL PROTEINS
,RECEPTOR PROTEINS - (answers)BIND TO SPECIFIC EXTRACELLULAR
MOLECULES
LIGANDS - (answers)ANYTHING FROM A SMALL ION LIKE CALCIUM TO
A RELATIVELY LARGE AND COMPLEX HORMONE
CARRIER PROTEINS - (answers)BIND SOLUTES AND TRANSPORT THEM
ACROSS THE PLASMA MEMBRANE
CHANNELS - (answers)INTEGRAL PROTEINS CONTAINING A CENTRAL
PORE THAT FORMS A PASSAGEWAY COMPLETELY THROUGH THE
PLASMA MEMBRANE
MICROVILLI - (answers)FINGER SHAPED EXTENSIONS OF THE PLASMA
MEMBRANES THAT INCREASE SURFACE AREA TO FACILITATE
ABSORPTION OF EXTRACELLULAR MATERIALS
MICROFILAMENTS - (answers)THE SMALLEST OF THE CYTOSKELETAL
ELEMENTS
ACTIN - (answers)THE PROTEIN THAT MAKES UP MICROFILAMENTS
TERMINAL WEB - (answers)LAYER OF MICROFILAMENTS JUST INSIDE
THE PLASMA MEMBRANE AT THE EXPOSED SURFACE OF A CELL
, INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS - (answers)LARGEST COMPONENTS OF THE
CYTOSKELETON, EXTEND FROM THE CENTROSOME
CENTRIOLES - (answers)ORGANIZE MICROTUBULES IN THE SPINDLE TO
MOVE CHROMOSOMES DURING CELL DIVISION
CILIA - (answers)PROPEL FLUIDS OR SOLIDS ACROSS CELL SURFACE
AND CAN DETECT ENVIRONMENTAL STIMULI
FLAGELLA - (answers)PROPELS SPERM
SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM - (answers)LACKS RIBOSOMES,
TUBULAR CISTERNAE
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM - (answers)WHERE MANY NEWLY
SYNTHESIZED PROTEINS ARE CHEMICALLY MODIFIED AND
PACKAGED FOR THE GOLGI APPARATUS
MEMBRANE RENEWAL VESICLES - (answers)ADD TO THE SURFACE
AREA OF THE PLASMA MEMBRANE
SECRETORY VESICLES - (answers)CONTAIN PRODUCTS THAT WILL BE
DISCHARGED FROM THE CELL BY EXOCYTOSIS
