Anatomy and Physiology Ch. 9 Endocrine System Certification Exam Questions And Answers Download.

Water-soluble hormones, such as proteins and peptide hormones, activate target cells using ____. - correct answer the second-messenger system Which system produces chemical messengers known as hormones? - correct answer endocrine system Prostaglandins are ____ - correct answer lipid hormones manufactured in the plasma membranes of cells The most common stimulus for prodding endocrine glands into action is _____ - correct answer hormonal Most endocrine organs are prodded into action by other hormones; this type of stimulus is called ____. - correct answer hormonal stimulus Hormones control what major processes? - correct answer 1. Reproduction 2. Growth and Development 3. Mobilization of body defenses 4. Maintenance of homeostasis 5. Regulation of Metabolism hormones are produced by ______ - correct answer specialized cells What transfers hormones to target sites - correct answer blood the scientific study of hormones and the endocrine system - correct answer endocrinology amino acid-based hormones - correct answer proteins, peptides, amines sex hormones made from cholesterol - correct answer steroids ______ must have specific protein receptors - correct answer target cells Lipid soluble mechanism - correct answer direct gene activation (steroid hormone action) water soluble mechanism - correct answer second-messenger system (non-steroid hormone action) maintains hormone levels in the blood - correct answer negative feedback changing blood levels of certain ions and nutrients stimulate hormone release - correct answer humoral stimuli nerve impulses stimulate hormone release - correct answer neural stimuli The gland that is primarily responsible for regulating metabolism is _____ - correct answer thyroid Which one of the following is NOT typical of the changes that follow the binding of a hormone to its target cells? - correct answer cellular mutations occur Being lipid soluble, steroids can do all the following EXCEPT ____ - correct answer catalyze cyclic AMP Which of the following hormones is NOT classified as a steroid hormone? - correct answer oxytocin The hormone that stimulates follicle development by female ovaries and sperm development by male testes is ____. - correct answer follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Most hormones are ____. - correct answer released upon stimulation by other hormones The endocrine gland most closely associated with the hypothalamus is the ____. - correct answer pituitary gland True or False? All hormones can arouse and bring about changes in all cells of the human body. - correct answer False True or False? Most hormones are regulated by negative feedback mechanisms. - correct answer True True or False? The hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary are made by the hypothalamus. - correct answer True True or False?Releasing and inhibiting hormones made by the hypothalamus control the release of hormones from the posterior pituitary - correct answer False Alcohol suppresses the production of this hormone, ____, which normally promotes water retention and prevents dehydration. - correct answer antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Calcitonin is made by the ____ cells of the thyroid gland. - correct answer parafollicular Mineralocorticoids regulate the concentration of ____ and ____ ions in our blood. - correct answer sodium; potassium Cortisone and cortisol are types of ____ produced by the middle cortical layer of the adrenal gland. - correct answer glucocorticoids A hormone produced by the heart, known as ____, prevents the release of aldosterone in order to reduce blood volume and blood pressure. - correct answer atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) Bronze skin color, hypoglycemia, and a reduced ability to cope with stress (burnout) are signs and symptoms of ____. - correct answer Addison's disease Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids, often caused by a tumor, results in ____. - correct answer Cushing's syndrome Catecholamines are released by the ____. - correct answer adrenal medulla Polyphagia, polydipsia, and polyuria are the three cardinal signs of a disease known as ____. - correct answer diabetes mellitus A hormone called ____ plays an important role in incubating a special group of white blood cells. - correct answer thymosin Hyposecretion of growth hormone during childhood leads to ____. - correct answer pituitary dwarfism The two hormones released by the thyroid gland are ____. - correct answer calcitonin and thyroid hormone Which two hormones play a role in promoting the milk reflex and in maintaining breast milk production in a mother's breasts? - correct answer prolactin (PRL) and oxytocin The element necessary in the diet for proper thyroid function is ____. - correct answer iodine Which of these hormones is released by the adrenal medulla? - correct answer epinephrine Discuss the role of hormones in maintaining blood calcium levels - correct answer Hormones help keep blood calcium levels in homeostasis. Parathyroid hormone destroy calcium and thyroid hormone helps keep calcium levels up. The hormone produced by male testes which is responsible for sperm production is ____. - correct answer testosterone Home pregnancy tests check for a hormone in the female's urine called ____. - correct answer human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) The pineal gland produces ____. - correct answer melatonin Estrogens do all of the following EXCEPT ____. - correct answer stimulate growth of facial hair Which of the following is NOT an effect of testosterone? - correct answer maintenance of pregnancy Sex hormones produced by the ovaries and testes ____. - correct answer promote the formation of sex cells Testosterone can be categorized as a(n) ____ hormone. - correct answer steroid True or False? Both male and female sex hormones are produced by the adrenal cortex throughout life in relatively small amounts. - correct answer True True or False? Hypersecretion of the sex hormones may lead to masculinization in both men and women. - correct answer True True or False? Aldosterone release is prevented by atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a hormone released by the heart. - correct answer True True or False? The ovaries release estrogen and progesterone in response to gonadotropic hormones from the pituitary gland. - correct answer