Endocrine system/ Hormone test review exam questions and correct detailed answers 100% verified.

What hormones does the pituitary gland produce? - correct answer ACTH, FSH, TSH, GH, LH, Prolactin What hormone does the thyroid produce? - correct answer Thyroxin, Calcitonin What hormone does parathyroid produce? - correct answer Parathormone What hormone does adrenal produce? - correct answer Adrenaline, Aldosterone, Cortisol, Noradenaline What hormone does the pancreas (islets of Langerhans) produce? - correct answer Insulin, Glucagon What hormone do the testis produce? - correct answer Testosterone What hormone do the ovaries produce? - correct answer Estrogen, Progesterone What hormone causes: raises blood sugar and increases the heartbeat and breathing rates - correct answer Adrenal What hormone causes: causes glucose to be removed from the blood - correct answer Insulin What hormone causes: influences the development of female secondary sex characteristics - correct answer Estrogen What hormone causes: promotes the conversion of glycogen to glucose - correct answer Glucogon What hormone causes: controls the metabolism of calcium - correct answer Parathormone What hormone causes: promotes reabsorption of sodium and potassium ions by the kidney - correct answer Aldosterone What hormone causes: influences the development of male secondary sex characeristics - correct answer Testosterone What hormone causes: stimulates the enlomgation of the long bones of the body - correct answer GH (growth hormone) What hormone causes: stimulates the secretion of hormones by the cortex of the adrenal glands - correct answer ACTG What hormone causes: regulates the rate of metabolism in the body - correct answer Thyroxin What hormone causes: stimulates the development of eggs in the female's ovary - correct answer FSH What hormone causes: involved in the regulation of carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism - correct answer Cortisol What hormone causes: stimulates the production of thyroxin - correct answer TSH Where is the thyroid gland located - correct answer Neck- on either side of trachea just below the addam's apple The thyroid secretes two iodine-containing hormones- - correct answer T4; T3 What is Hypothyroidism - correct answer A result of below-normal production of T4 by the thyroid gland. What does Hypothyroidism cause - correct answer Dry skin, hair loss, swollen (face, hands, legs), sensitivity to cold. Slow heart rate What do the blood test show for Hypothyroidism - correct answer Low T4, T3, and high TSH Causes of Hypothyroidism - correct answer Commonly include autoimmune (Hashimoto's), surgical removal of thyroid, radiation What is congenital hypothyroidism - correct answer Hypothyroid of the newborn, also knkwn as cretinism Effect of congenital hypothyroidism - correct answer Continuous Weight gain What is hyperthyroidism - correct answer A condition of thyroid hormone excess What disease is the most common form of hyperthyroidism - correct answer Grave's disease- found mkre in women ages 20-40 years An effect of hyperthyroidism is - correct answer Weight loss Blood tests for people with grave's disease consists of - correct answer High T3, T4 and low TSH What is a simple goiter - correct answer Is an enlargement of the thyroid gland (can compress the trachea or esophagus, resulting in difficulty to breathe, swallowing, or dizziness) What can simple goiter be caused by - correct answer Iodine deficiency (blood test show high T3, T4 and low TSH) What is the parathyroid - correct answer Are 4 tiny glands about the size of a grain of rice located posterior to the thyroid gland purpose of parathyroid - correct answer To regulate the calcium and phosphate levels What results from hyperparathyroidism - correct answer Excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone by the parathyroid glands Risk factor of hyperparathyroidism - correct answer Chronic vitamin D deficiency What is hypoparathyroidism - correct answer Decrease in secretion of PTH may be caused by damage to the glands from heavy metals (copper or iron), or immune disorders (Addison's disease) What is the principle manifestation of hypoparathyroidism - correct answer A tetany, a sustained muscular contraction Where are adrenal glands located - correct answer On top of each kidney What are the two parts of the adrenal gland - correct answer Adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla (secrete different hormones) What hormone does the adrenal cortex secrete - correct answer Corticoids (3 classifications: sex hormones [androgens, estrogen], mineralocorticoids [salt], glucocorticoids [carbohydrates]) What hormones does the adrenal medulla secrete - correct answer Epinephrine (or adrenalin) and nonepinephrine [secreted in stress situations] What is hypoadrenalism - correct answer Primary adrenal insufficency, or Addison's disease, is the result of undersecretion of hormones by the adrenal cortex 75-80% of all cases of Addison's disease is due to - correct answer Autoimmune process What can cause hyperadrenalism - correct answer Due to an overproduction of cortisol (Cushing's syndrome) or an overproduction of aldosterone (Conn's syndrome)