Pathophysiology Exam 1 Rasmussen
Questions With Answers.
passive immunity - ANSWER- Transfer of performed antibodies against a specific
antigen from protected or immunized individual to an unprotected or non-immunized
individual
Examples of passive immunity - ANSWER- IgA in breast milk, maternal IgG crossing
placenta, antitoxin, serotherapy (direct injection of antibodies)
Potassium Value normal range( intercellular cation) - ANSWER- 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Sodium value normal range (major cation of extracellular fluid) - ANSWER- 135-145
mEq/L
Calcium value normal range - ANSWER- 9-11 mg/dL OR 4.5-5.5 mEq/L
Phosphate value normal range - ANSWER- 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Magnesium value normal range - ANSWER- 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Bicarbonate value normal range (second most abundant anion in blood) - ANSWER-
23-30 mEq/L
Condition of low potassium < 3.5 mEq/L - ANSWER- hypokalemia
Condition of high potassium >5 mEq/L - ANSWER- Hyperkalemia
Condition of sodium < 135 mEq/L - ANSWER- hyponatremia / hypernatremia
Condition of high sodium>145 mEq/L - ANSWER- hypernatremia
condition of low phosphate < 2.5 mg/dL - ANSWER- hypophophatemia
Condition of high phosphate > 4.5 mg/dL - ANSWER- Hyperphosphatemia
Condition of low chloride <96 mEq/L - ANSWER- hypochloremia
Condition of high chloride > 106 mEq/L - ANSWER- Hyperchloremia
Condition of low magnesium <1.5 mEq/L - ANSWER- hypomagnesemia
Condition of high magnesium >2.5 mEq/L - ANSWER- Hypermagesemia
, condition of low calcium< 9mg/dL - ANSWER- hypocalcemia
condition of high calcium > 11mg/dL - ANSWER- hypercalcemia
Pathophysiology - ANSWER- the study of abnormalities in physiologic functioning of
living beings
Pathology - ANSWER- the study and diagnosis of disease through examination of
organs, tissues, cells, and bodily fluids
Etiology - ANSWER- The study of the causes and origins of disease
4 topics of pathophysiology - ANSWER- etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations,
treatment
pathogenesis - ANSWER- development or evolution of a disease
clinical manifestation - ANSWER- signs and symptoms or evidence of disease
exacerbation - ANSWER- a relatively sudden increase in the severity of a disease or
any of its signs and symptom
remission - ANSWER- decline in severity of symptoms
sequela - ANSWER- a disorder or condition usually resulting from a previous disease or
injury
acute - ANSWER- sudden onset and short duration
chronic - ANSWER- long term
Primary level of prevention - ANSWER- altering susceptibility; reducing exposure for
susceptible persons
Example of primary prevention - ANSWER- Immunization, health/sex ed, quit smoking
drinking or poor diet.
Secondary level of prevention - ANSWER- -conduction activities that help prevent a
worsening health status by detection or management of diseases
examples of secondary prevention - ANSWER- Self breast exams, yearly cancer
screenings, proper management of diabetes
Tertiary level of prevention - ANSWER- -supports optimal functioning
-prevents long term consequences of a chronic illness or disability
Questions With Answers.
passive immunity - ANSWER- Transfer of performed antibodies against a specific
antigen from protected or immunized individual to an unprotected or non-immunized
individual
Examples of passive immunity - ANSWER- IgA in breast milk, maternal IgG crossing
placenta, antitoxin, serotherapy (direct injection of antibodies)
Potassium Value normal range( intercellular cation) - ANSWER- 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Sodium value normal range (major cation of extracellular fluid) - ANSWER- 135-145
mEq/L
Calcium value normal range - ANSWER- 9-11 mg/dL OR 4.5-5.5 mEq/L
Phosphate value normal range - ANSWER- 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Magnesium value normal range - ANSWER- 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Bicarbonate value normal range (second most abundant anion in blood) - ANSWER-
23-30 mEq/L
Condition of low potassium < 3.5 mEq/L - ANSWER- hypokalemia
Condition of high potassium >5 mEq/L - ANSWER- Hyperkalemia
Condition of sodium < 135 mEq/L - ANSWER- hyponatremia / hypernatremia
Condition of high sodium>145 mEq/L - ANSWER- hypernatremia
condition of low phosphate < 2.5 mg/dL - ANSWER- hypophophatemia
Condition of high phosphate > 4.5 mg/dL - ANSWER- Hyperphosphatemia
Condition of low chloride <96 mEq/L - ANSWER- hypochloremia
Condition of high chloride > 106 mEq/L - ANSWER- Hyperchloremia
Condition of low magnesium <1.5 mEq/L - ANSWER- hypomagnesemia
Condition of high magnesium >2.5 mEq/L - ANSWER- Hypermagesemia
, condition of low calcium< 9mg/dL - ANSWER- hypocalcemia
condition of high calcium > 11mg/dL - ANSWER- hypercalcemia
Pathophysiology - ANSWER- the study of abnormalities in physiologic functioning of
living beings
Pathology - ANSWER- the study and diagnosis of disease through examination of
organs, tissues, cells, and bodily fluids
Etiology - ANSWER- The study of the causes and origins of disease
4 topics of pathophysiology - ANSWER- etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations,
treatment
pathogenesis - ANSWER- development or evolution of a disease
clinical manifestation - ANSWER- signs and symptoms or evidence of disease
exacerbation - ANSWER- a relatively sudden increase in the severity of a disease or
any of its signs and symptom
remission - ANSWER- decline in severity of symptoms
sequela - ANSWER- a disorder or condition usually resulting from a previous disease or
injury
acute - ANSWER- sudden onset and short duration
chronic - ANSWER- long term
Primary level of prevention - ANSWER- altering susceptibility; reducing exposure for
susceptible persons
Example of primary prevention - ANSWER- Immunization, health/sex ed, quit smoking
drinking or poor diet.
Secondary level of prevention - ANSWER- -conduction activities that help prevent a
worsening health status by detection or management of diseases
examples of secondary prevention - ANSWER- Self breast exams, yearly cancer
screenings, proper management of diabetes
Tertiary level of prevention - ANSWER- -supports optimal functioning
-prevents long term consequences of a chronic illness or disability
