Solutions
Jean PIaget Stages of Cognitive Development
B.F. Skinner Operant Conditioning
Lev Vygotsky Social Development Theory; ZPD; Scaffolding
Cooperative learning small teams, each with students of different levels of ability use a
variety of learning activities to learn; each member is responsible for learning and helping
teammates learn; creates atmosphere of achievement; students work through the assignment until
all group members successfully understand and complete it.
Direct instruction explicit teaching of a skill-set using lectures of demonstrations of the
material, rather than exploratory models such as inquiry-based learning
, Praxis PLT 5-9 Questions With Complete
Solutions
Discovery Learning (definition) Free exploration of data and experience; method of IB
instruction; states that is best for learners to discover facts and relationships for themselves.
Students may be more likely to remember concepts an knowledge discovered on their own.
Models based on DL: guided discovery, problem-based, simulation-based, case-based, and
incidental learning; takes place in problem solving situations where the learner draws on his or
her own past experience and existing knowledge to discover facts and relationships and new
truths to be learned
Whole Group Discussion a modified form of classroom lecture where the focus is shared
between the instructor and the students for information transfer.
Independent Study students set own mode of study goals
Interdisciplinary instruction method used to teach a unit across different curricular
disciplines; integrated instruction also allows for authentic assessment.