CPHQ EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
Types of Information Systems - ANSWER 1. clinical - support direct care processes ex:
lab/radiology results, computer assisted medical decision making, clinical application
programs for health risk programs
2. administrative - support systems aid day to day operations ex: billing, financials,
human resources
3. decision support systems: deal with strategic planning functions ex: cause and effect
data, strategic planning and marketing, resource allocation, performance evaluation
and monitoring
Decision Support System- ANSWER- aids in comparison with competitors
- identifies practitioners and providers who meet acceptable levels of quality
- allows providers to quickly react to changes in the market
- justifies pay for performance above average
- used in the development of outcomes information management plan
- analyzes and interprets the data on outcomes
Chart Based (EHR based) system - ANSWER - the nursing or medical record analysts
review records/EHRS
input diagnostic procedural and detail clinical findings
- has higher cost and smaller sample size
- to identify severity adjusted and risk adjusted information
Code based system - ANSWER -based on retrospective administrative data such as
uniform bill document (UB-92)
- uses clinical information spanning entire stay
-has lower costs and larger sample size
- submission of payer data deemed public information required by states
,Decision Support Systems - ANSWER - provides positive and negative outcomes
- includes risk/ severity adjustment data
- facilitates cross-functional analyses
- integrates clinical and financial data
Quality professional's role with systems - ANSWER - assist in evaluating management
information system. Ask:
- does the system allow for capture, storage ,and retrieval of clinical and financial info
from a variety of sources?
- interface with out information systems?
development of trigger and threshold measures?
critical alerts
rule based processing
concurrent and retrospective reviews
facilitating and meeting the needs related to accreditation as well as regulatory
data mining reporting or statistical analysis
simultaneous users using
diverse operating systems
secure reporting access
Two types of data-ANSWER categorical and continuous
Two kinds of Categorical Data: ANSWER nominal-count, discrete, considered attribute
with no quantitative value. binary data (2 possibilities)
ordinal- nominal data put into categories and rank ordered- ex: agree, neutral, disagree
Two types of continuous data: ANSWER interval- measured on scales that have no gaps.
ex: value on thermometer no true zero
ratio- measured on scales that have no gaps but there is a true zero; no value goes
,below exh: height and weight
developing data collection plans - ANSWER - identify who, what, where, when, why, how
- outline the design of the collection methodology
-select and develop a sampling method
- identify and provide data collection training
- assign responsibilities for data collection
- estimate budget
- pilot forms and collection processes
Comparison data - ANSWER processes and results against a reference point either
internally or externally with competitors and other organizations providing similar
services
Benchmarking - ANSWER Examing processes and results that represent best practices
for similar activities inside or outside the healthcare industry
benchmarking questions - ANSWER - what is the best practice
- what are we doing? how are we doing it?
- how well are we doing it?
How well are we doing it? what are the measurement results ?
Why we are looking for an improvement
Interpret Data and Use information - ANSWER 1. Plan and Organise - Anticipate
barriers, Identify responsibilities and Lay the groundwork for multidisciplinary
collaboration. Also, Develop data dictionary
2. Pilot data collection; validate and correct - Start very limited data collection as a pilot
test. Identify Limitations and errors in the data, Change Data Collection plan, Collect
Data
3. analyze and present findings
4. study and develop recommendations
, 5. Take action-empower teams to make decisions and implement changes, educate and
train staff, report findings
6. Monitor performance
7. communicate results
Population (N) vs. Sample (n) - ANSWER The population is the whole group while a
sample are parts of the population.
Sampling - ANSWER provides a logical way of making statements about a larger group
allows quality processionals to make statements or generalize from the sample to the
population depending on the type of sampling method
Probability Sampling - ANSWER you can generalize findings; ex: to keep down the costs
of patient satisfaction surveys, a medical facility sends surveys to every 5th patient on
the list
nonprobability sampling - ANSWER you cannot generalize the findings; ex: a department
wants to see how patients like a new process so they survey the first 5 patients who
show up every week
snowball sampling- subjects suggest other subjects
convenience sampling- any available group of subjects is used
Purposive or Judgment sampling - a particular group is subjectively selected based on
criteria
Expert Sampling- experts in a given area are selected due to their access to information
Types of Information Systems - ANSWER 1. clinical - support direct care processes ex:
lab/radiology results, computer assisted medical decision making, clinical application
programs for health risk programs
2. administrative - support systems aid day to day operations ex: billing, financials,
human resources
3. decision support systems: deal with strategic planning functions ex: cause and effect
data, strategic planning and marketing, resource allocation, performance evaluation
and monitoring
Decision Support System- ANSWER- aids in comparison with competitors
- identifies practitioners and providers who meet acceptable levels of quality
- allows providers to quickly react to changes in the market
- justifies pay for performance above average
- used in the development of outcomes information management plan
- analyzes and interprets the data on outcomes
Chart Based (EHR based) system - ANSWER - the nursing or medical record analysts
review records/EHRS
input diagnostic procedural and detail clinical findings
- has higher cost and smaller sample size
- to identify severity adjusted and risk adjusted information
Code based system - ANSWER -based on retrospective administrative data such as
uniform bill document (UB-92)
- uses clinical information spanning entire stay
-has lower costs and larger sample size
- submission of payer data deemed public information required by states
,Decision Support Systems - ANSWER - provides positive and negative outcomes
- includes risk/ severity adjustment data
- facilitates cross-functional analyses
- integrates clinical and financial data
Quality professional's role with systems - ANSWER - assist in evaluating management
information system. Ask:
- does the system allow for capture, storage ,and retrieval of clinical and financial info
from a variety of sources?
- interface with out information systems?
development of trigger and threshold measures?
critical alerts
rule based processing
concurrent and retrospective reviews
facilitating and meeting the needs related to accreditation as well as regulatory
data mining reporting or statistical analysis
simultaneous users using
diverse operating systems
secure reporting access
Two types of data-ANSWER categorical and continuous
Two kinds of Categorical Data: ANSWER nominal-count, discrete, considered attribute
with no quantitative value. binary data (2 possibilities)
ordinal- nominal data put into categories and rank ordered- ex: agree, neutral, disagree
Two types of continuous data: ANSWER interval- measured on scales that have no gaps.
ex: value on thermometer no true zero
ratio- measured on scales that have no gaps but there is a true zero; no value goes
,below exh: height and weight
developing data collection plans - ANSWER - identify who, what, where, when, why, how
- outline the design of the collection methodology
-select and develop a sampling method
- identify and provide data collection training
- assign responsibilities for data collection
- estimate budget
- pilot forms and collection processes
Comparison data - ANSWER processes and results against a reference point either
internally or externally with competitors and other organizations providing similar
services
Benchmarking - ANSWER Examing processes and results that represent best practices
for similar activities inside or outside the healthcare industry
benchmarking questions - ANSWER - what is the best practice
- what are we doing? how are we doing it?
- how well are we doing it?
How well are we doing it? what are the measurement results ?
Why we are looking for an improvement
Interpret Data and Use information - ANSWER 1. Plan and Organise - Anticipate
barriers, Identify responsibilities and Lay the groundwork for multidisciplinary
collaboration. Also, Develop data dictionary
2. Pilot data collection; validate and correct - Start very limited data collection as a pilot
test. Identify Limitations and errors in the data, Change Data Collection plan, Collect
Data
3. analyze and present findings
4. study and develop recommendations
, 5. Take action-empower teams to make decisions and implement changes, educate and
train staff, report findings
6. Monitor performance
7. communicate results
Population (N) vs. Sample (n) - ANSWER The population is the whole group while a
sample are parts of the population.
Sampling - ANSWER provides a logical way of making statements about a larger group
allows quality processionals to make statements or generalize from the sample to the
population depending on the type of sampling method
Probability Sampling - ANSWER you can generalize findings; ex: to keep down the costs
of patient satisfaction surveys, a medical facility sends surveys to every 5th patient on
the list
nonprobability sampling - ANSWER you cannot generalize the findings; ex: a department
wants to see how patients like a new process so they survey the first 5 patients who
show up every week
snowball sampling- subjects suggest other subjects
convenience sampling- any available group of subjects is used
Purposive or Judgment sampling - a particular group is subjectively selected based on
criteria
Expert Sampling- experts in a given area are selected due to their access to information
