ATI PHARMACOLOGY PROCTORED EXAM 2024| 95 NGN QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS| GRADED A+| VERSION 1
A professional nurse is preparing to administer Cyclophosphamide IV to a patient who
has Hodgkin's disease. Which of the following medications should the professional nurse
expect to administer concurrently with the chemotherapy to prevent an adverse effect of
Cyclophosphamide?
A. Uroprotectant agent, such as mesna
B. Opioid, such as morphine
C. Loop diuretic, such as furosemide
D. H1 receptor antagonist, such as diphenhydramine - CORRECT ANSWER> A
(Mesna is a uroprotectant agent that can help prevent hemorrhagic cystitis when
administered IV with a nitrogen mustard chemotherapy medication)
A professional nurse is preparing to administer Leucovorin to a patient who has cancer
and is receiving chemotherapy with Methotrexate. Which of the following responses
should the professional nurse use when the patient asks why Leucovorin is being
given?
A. "Leucovorin reduces the risk of a transfusion reaction from methotrexate."
B. "Leucovorin increases platelet production and prevents bleeding."
C. "Leucovorin potentiates the cytotoxic effects of methotrexate."
D. "Leucovorin protects healthy cells from methotrexate's toxic effect." - CORRECT
ANSWER> D (Leucovorin, a folic acid derivative and an antagonist to methotrexate, is
given within 12 hr of high doses of methotrexate to protect healthy cells from the toxic
effects of methotrexate)
A professional nurse is teaching a patient who has breast cancer about Tamoxifen.
Which of the following adverse effects of tamoxifen should the professional nurse discuss
with the patient?
A. Irregular heart beat
B. Abnormal uterine bleeding
C. Yellow sclera or dark-colored urine.
D. Difficulty swallowing - CORRECT ANSWER> B (Vaginal discharge and bleeding are
adverse effects of tamoxifen. The patient who takes tamoxifen is also at increased risk
for endometrial cancer, so any abnormal uterine bleeding should be carefully monitored
and evaluated)
A professional nurse is caring for a patient who is being treated with Interferon alfa-2b
for Malignant Melanoma. For which of the following adverse effects should the
professional nurse monitor? (Select all that apply.)
A. Tinnitus
B. Muscle aches
C. Peripheral neuropathy
1|Page
,D. Bone loss
E. Depression - CORRECT ANSWER> b, c, e
(B.muscle aches and other flu-like manifestations are common adverse effects of
interferon alfa-2b. Acetaminophen may be prescribed to relieve these manifestations.
C. Peripheral neuropathy, dizziness, and fatigue are CNS effects that can occur when
taking interferon alfa-2b. These should be reported to the provider, and the
professional nurse should teach the patient to prevent injury from falls.
E. Depression and mental status changes
can occur with interferon alfa-2b treatment. The professional nurse should assess the
patient for suicidal thoughts.)
A professional nurse is caring for a patient who receives Rituximab to treat Non-
hodgkin's Leukemia and who asks the professional nurse how Rituximab works. Which
of the following should the professional nurse include?
A. Blocks hormone receptors
B. Increases immune response
C. Binds with specific antigens on tumor cells
D. Stops DNA replication during cell division - CORRECT ANSWER> C (Rituximab is a
monoclonal antibody that binds to specific antigens on B-lymphocytes and then
destroying cancer cells.)
A professional nurse is implementing a plan of care for a patient who has a wound
infection. Which of the following actions should the professional nurse perform first?
A. Administer antibiotic medication.
B. Obtain a wound specimen for culture.
C. Review WBC laboratory findings.
D. Apply a dressing to the wound - CORRECT ANSWER> B (When using the urgent
vs. nonurgent approach to care, the nurse's priority action is to obtain a culture of the
wound before initiating antibiotic therapy)
A professional nurse is caring for a patient who has a UTI and a history of recurrence of
this type of infection. The patient asks why the provider has not yet prescribed an
antibiotic. The professional nurse should explain that the provider has to wait for the
results of which of the following laboratory tests to identify which antibiotic to prescribe?
A. Gram stain
B. Culture
C. Sensitivity
D. Specific gravity - CORRECT ANSWER> C (A sensitivity test identifies the most
effective antibiotic to prescribe to treat a specific micro-organism.)
2|Page
, A professional nurse is preparing information for the unit's nurses about the
effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy for patients who have bacterial infections. Which
of the following host factors should the professional nurse include as conditions that
affect antimicrobial effectiveness? (Select all that apply.)
A. Meningitis
B. Pacemaker
C. Endocarditis
D. Pneumonia
E. Pyelonephriti - CORRECT ANSWER> a, b, c
(A. Some patients who have meningitis have
difficulty responding to antimicrobial therapy because it is difficult for the medication to
cross the blood-brain barrier to reaching the infecting micro-organisms.
B. Some patients who have a pacemaker have difficulty responding to antimicrobial
therapy due to colonization of micro-organisms around the pacemaker and the inability
of phagocytic cells to destroy those micro-organisms.
C. Some patients who have endocarditis have
difficulty responding to antimicrobial therapy because the medication cannot penetrate
the vegetative thrombus that develops on the injured endocardium)
A professional nurse is caring for a group of patients who are receiving antimicrobial
therapy. Which of the following patients should the professional nurse plan to monitor for
manifestations of antibiotic toxicity?
A. An adolescent patient who has a sinus infection
B. An older adult patient who has prostatitis
C. A patient who is postpartum and has mastitis
D. A middle adult patient who has a urinary tract infection - CORRECT ANSWER> B
(An older adult patient who has prostatitis and is receiving antibiotics is at risk for
toxicity due to the age-related reduction in medication metabolism and excretion)
A charge professional nurse is teaching a group of nurses about the importance of
prophylactic antimicrobial therapy. Which of the following information should the charge
professional nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
A. Administer prophylactic antimicrobial therapy to patients who report exposure to
a sexually transmitted infection.
B. Administer prophylactic antimicrobial therapy to patients who are having
orthopedic surgery.
C. Instruct patients who have a prosthetic heart valve about the need for
prophylactic antimicrobial therapy before dental work.
3|Page
AND CORRECT ANSWERS| GRADED A+| VERSION 1
A professional nurse is preparing to administer Cyclophosphamide IV to a patient who
has Hodgkin's disease. Which of the following medications should the professional nurse
expect to administer concurrently with the chemotherapy to prevent an adverse effect of
Cyclophosphamide?
A. Uroprotectant agent, such as mesna
B. Opioid, such as morphine
C. Loop diuretic, such as furosemide
D. H1 receptor antagonist, such as diphenhydramine - CORRECT ANSWER> A
(Mesna is a uroprotectant agent that can help prevent hemorrhagic cystitis when
administered IV with a nitrogen mustard chemotherapy medication)
A professional nurse is preparing to administer Leucovorin to a patient who has cancer
and is receiving chemotherapy with Methotrexate. Which of the following responses
should the professional nurse use when the patient asks why Leucovorin is being
given?
A. "Leucovorin reduces the risk of a transfusion reaction from methotrexate."
B. "Leucovorin increases platelet production and prevents bleeding."
C. "Leucovorin potentiates the cytotoxic effects of methotrexate."
D. "Leucovorin protects healthy cells from methotrexate's toxic effect." - CORRECT
ANSWER> D (Leucovorin, a folic acid derivative and an antagonist to methotrexate, is
given within 12 hr of high doses of methotrexate to protect healthy cells from the toxic
effects of methotrexate)
A professional nurse is teaching a patient who has breast cancer about Tamoxifen.
Which of the following adverse effects of tamoxifen should the professional nurse discuss
with the patient?
A. Irregular heart beat
B. Abnormal uterine bleeding
C. Yellow sclera or dark-colored urine.
D. Difficulty swallowing - CORRECT ANSWER> B (Vaginal discharge and bleeding are
adverse effects of tamoxifen. The patient who takes tamoxifen is also at increased risk
for endometrial cancer, so any abnormal uterine bleeding should be carefully monitored
and evaluated)
A professional nurse is caring for a patient who is being treated with Interferon alfa-2b
for Malignant Melanoma. For which of the following adverse effects should the
professional nurse monitor? (Select all that apply.)
A. Tinnitus
B. Muscle aches
C. Peripheral neuropathy
1|Page
,D. Bone loss
E. Depression - CORRECT ANSWER> b, c, e
(B.muscle aches and other flu-like manifestations are common adverse effects of
interferon alfa-2b. Acetaminophen may be prescribed to relieve these manifestations.
C. Peripheral neuropathy, dizziness, and fatigue are CNS effects that can occur when
taking interferon alfa-2b. These should be reported to the provider, and the
professional nurse should teach the patient to prevent injury from falls.
E. Depression and mental status changes
can occur with interferon alfa-2b treatment. The professional nurse should assess the
patient for suicidal thoughts.)
A professional nurse is caring for a patient who receives Rituximab to treat Non-
hodgkin's Leukemia and who asks the professional nurse how Rituximab works. Which
of the following should the professional nurse include?
A. Blocks hormone receptors
B. Increases immune response
C. Binds with specific antigens on tumor cells
D. Stops DNA replication during cell division - CORRECT ANSWER> C (Rituximab is a
monoclonal antibody that binds to specific antigens on B-lymphocytes and then
destroying cancer cells.)
A professional nurse is implementing a plan of care for a patient who has a wound
infection. Which of the following actions should the professional nurse perform first?
A. Administer antibiotic medication.
B. Obtain a wound specimen for culture.
C. Review WBC laboratory findings.
D. Apply a dressing to the wound - CORRECT ANSWER> B (When using the urgent
vs. nonurgent approach to care, the nurse's priority action is to obtain a culture of the
wound before initiating antibiotic therapy)
A professional nurse is caring for a patient who has a UTI and a history of recurrence of
this type of infection. The patient asks why the provider has not yet prescribed an
antibiotic. The professional nurse should explain that the provider has to wait for the
results of which of the following laboratory tests to identify which antibiotic to prescribe?
A. Gram stain
B. Culture
C. Sensitivity
D. Specific gravity - CORRECT ANSWER> C (A sensitivity test identifies the most
effective antibiotic to prescribe to treat a specific micro-organism.)
2|Page
, A professional nurse is preparing information for the unit's nurses about the
effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy for patients who have bacterial infections. Which
of the following host factors should the professional nurse include as conditions that
affect antimicrobial effectiveness? (Select all that apply.)
A. Meningitis
B. Pacemaker
C. Endocarditis
D. Pneumonia
E. Pyelonephriti - CORRECT ANSWER> a, b, c
(A. Some patients who have meningitis have
difficulty responding to antimicrobial therapy because it is difficult for the medication to
cross the blood-brain barrier to reaching the infecting micro-organisms.
B. Some patients who have a pacemaker have difficulty responding to antimicrobial
therapy due to colonization of micro-organisms around the pacemaker and the inability
of phagocytic cells to destroy those micro-organisms.
C. Some patients who have endocarditis have
difficulty responding to antimicrobial therapy because the medication cannot penetrate
the vegetative thrombus that develops on the injured endocardium)
A professional nurse is caring for a group of patients who are receiving antimicrobial
therapy. Which of the following patients should the professional nurse plan to monitor for
manifestations of antibiotic toxicity?
A. An adolescent patient who has a sinus infection
B. An older adult patient who has prostatitis
C. A patient who is postpartum and has mastitis
D. A middle adult patient who has a urinary tract infection - CORRECT ANSWER> B
(An older adult patient who has prostatitis and is receiving antibiotics is at risk for
toxicity due to the age-related reduction in medication metabolism and excretion)
A charge professional nurse is teaching a group of nurses about the importance of
prophylactic antimicrobial therapy. Which of the following information should the charge
professional nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
A. Administer prophylactic antimicrobial therapy to patients who report exposure to
a sexually transmitted infection.
B. Administer prophylactic antimicrobial therapy to patients who are having
orthopedic surgery.
C. Instruct patients who have a prosthetic heart valve about the need for
prophylactic antimicrobial therapy before dental work.
3|Page
