Neuropsych Chapter 27 Psychiatric
Disorders
Schizophrenia - ANSdelusions or beliefs that distort reality; hallucinations; disorganized speech,
senseless rhyming; disorganized or excessively agitated behavior; other symptoms that cause significant
social or occupational dysfunction
brains of schizophrenic patients - ANSlighter, due to reduced cerebral volume; enlarged ventricles;
reduction in the number of neurons in the prefrontal cortex; thinner parahippocampal gyri; abnormal
cellular structure in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus; reduced activity during tasks requiring
attention and planning
cortico-striatal (biochemical abnormality due to schizophrenia) - ANShypoactivity in dopaminergic
____________________ pathways; virtually all antipsychotics influence dopaminergic activity in
___________________ pathways
glutamate; GABA (biochemical abnormality due to schizophrenia) - ANSabnormalities in ________,
_________ systems and _______, __________
clinical depression - ANSprolonged feelings of worthlessness and guilt; disruption of eating and slepeing
mania - ANSexcessive euphoria; hyperactivity
bipolar disorder - ANSperiods of depression and mania
Neurochemical Aspects of Depression - ANSreduction in monoamines; brain-derived neurotrophic
factors (BDNF); hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal circuit (HPA-axis)
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) - ANSdownregulated by stress; upregulated by
antidepressants; may affect functioning of monoamine synapses
Disorders
Schizophrenia - ANSdelusions or beliefs that distort reality; hallucinations; disorganized speech,
senseless rhyming; disorganized or excessively agitated behavior; other symptoms that cause significant
social or occupational dysfunction
brains of schizophrenic patients - ANSlighter, due to reduced cerebral volume; enlarged ventricles;
reduction in the number of neurons in the prefrontal cortex; thinner parahippocampal gyri; abnormal
cellular structure in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus; reduced activity during tasks requiring
attention and planning
cortico-striatal (biochemical abnormality due to schizophrenia) - ANShypoactivity in dopaminergic
____________________ pathways; virtually all antipsychotics influence dopaminergic activity in
___________________ pathways
glutamate; GABA (biochemical abnormality due to schizophrenia) - ANSabnormalities in ________,
_________ systems and _______, __________
clinical depression - ANSprolonged feelings of worthlessness and guilt; disruption of eating and slepeing
mania - ANSexcessive euphoria; hyperactivity
bipolar disorder - ANSperiods of depression and mania
Neurochemical Aspects of Depression - ANSreduction in monoamines; brain-derived neurotrophic
factors (BDNF); hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal circuit (HPA-axis)
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) - ANSdownregulated by stress; upregulated by
antidepressants; may affect functioning of monoamine synapses
