WGU D220 Nursing Informatics Exam 1 Questions and Answers 2024

Data – -Characters, numbers, or facts gathered for analysis and possibly later action -Data used to recognize trends -Ex: 120/76, 118/74, 108/68 (Blood pressure) Information – -Interpreted data (trending) -Data becomes information -Ex: blood pressure readings Knowledge – -Synthesis of information from several sources to produce a single concept -Ex: Need to have the knowledge to recognize if you need to intervene if a blood pressure is too high or too low Wisdom – -Occurs when knowledge is used appropriate to manage and solve problems -Takes knowledge a step further -Allows you to implement an intervention -Perform intervention & continue to monitor Knowledge Worker – -Data gatherer (Getting data like vital signs or blood pressure) -Information user (interpret data) -Knowledge user (compare data to current knowledge) -Knowledge builder (to show patterns across patients to show new knowledge) Informatics - Art and science of turing data into information using computers -The evolution of nursing informatics has made it to the point of care (patient's bedside) (Evolution of Informatics) Medical informatics - May be used to refer to the application of information science and technology to acquire, process, organize, interpret, store, use and communicate medical data in WGU D220 Nursing Informatics Exam 1 Questions and Answers 2024 all of its forms in medical education, practice and research, patience care and health management -Where it all starts; doctors put in information (Evolution of Informatics) Health Informatics - The application of computer and information science in all basic and applied biomedical sciences to facilitate the acquisition, processing, interpretation, optimal use and communication of heat-related data -Focus is the patient and the process of care and the goal is to enhance the quality and efficiency of care provided (Evolution of Informatics) Bioinformatics - The application of computer and IT to the management of biological information including the development of databases and algorithms to facilitate research (Evolution of Informatics) Consumer Health Informatics - Study of patient use of online information and communication to improve health outcomes and decisions -"Patient portal" to see doctor's notes, lab results -Patient record (Evolution of Informatics) Dental Informatics - Computer and information science to improve dental practice, research, education and management (Evolution of Informatics) Clinical Health Informatics - Multidisciplinary field that focuses on the enhancement of clinical information management at the point of healthcare through improvement of information processes, implementation of clinical information systems, and the use and evaluation of CDs tools as a means to improve the effectiveness, quality and value of the services rendered (Evolution of Informatics) Public Health Informatics - Application of information and computer science and technology to public health practice, research, and learning (Evolution of Informatics) Nursing Informatics - Ever changing definition Information Literacy – -Information literate nurse can recognize significant, relevant research and know how to apply it to practice -Ability to recognize when information is needed as well as the skills to find, evaluate and use needed information effectively Computer Literacy - Familiarity with the use of computers, including software tools such as word processing, spreadsheets, databases, presentation graphics and email Health Literacy - Degree to which individuals can obtain, process and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions -Patient knows basic info about diagnosis (Ex: check blood sugar) Patient Safety Initiatives – -Bar-code scanning -Computerized medication cabinets -CPOE -EMR (electronic medical record) -Rapid response teams (catch problems quickly) -EBP for life-threatening emergent conditions -Infection prevention -Easy access protocols (Help to educate staff on protocol by working with other hospitals that have the protocol) -Medication reconciliation -E-prescribing Major Issues in Healthcare with Informatics Implications – -Nursing shortage -Work flow change -IT as a means to retain aging nurses -Evidence-based practice (not all things for one patient- use judgement to say this is working for the patient and this isn't) -Pressure to implement IT -Magnet Status push Other issues with Informatics Implications – -Consumer demand for cost effective care (24 access to care - patient portals/information) -Online report cards (patient portals) -Consumer transparency (pricing) -Remote clinical monitoring (information is shared easier on the same system) -Disease management (health literacy) -Research (Data from different systems) -Pay for performance (Better patient satisfaction = better pay) Nursing Informatics - -Recognized by ANA -Have own practice standards -Several existing informatics organizations -Credentialing requires a baccalaureate or higher degree, 2 years in practice, current RN license Informatics Nurse (IN) - An RN with experience but no formal education in the area Informatics Nurse Specialist (INS) - An RN with advanced graduate education in the IT area -May have ANCC certification Applications of Nursing Informatics – -Nursing Practice -Nursing administration -Nursing education -Nursing research Educational Opportunities – -Increased access to education -HITECH Act (provides additional training for informatics education) -Help clinicians to develop needed competencies -Develop and implement information technology -Generate new knowledge Future of Informatics – -New roles with consumers -New technology - genomics, robotics, wearable monitoring devices, developments in educational technology How does computer literacy differ from information literacy? - Basic computer skills (computer literacy) vs. recognizing when information is needed (information literacy) What is the main goal for using technology in healthcare today? - Increased patient safety Nurse gathers data when caring for clients. Which is an example of higher level info? - Received medication, client had decreased temperature and felt better IT won't... - Eliminate the nursing shortage Benefits of informatics in healthcare – -Improved patient outcomes -Decreased costs -Decreased medication errors and adverse events -Supports evidenced based practice Inputing vital signs in the electronic medical record is the... - Most fundamental informatics competency Data – -Building blocks in the information of knowledge -Numbers we put into our information systems -Faulty or incomplete data gives rise to poor quality information and poor decisions Data Integrity - -Ability to collect, store, and retrieve correct, complete, current data so it will be available to authorized users when needed -Need complete current data that is secure (have to be able to find it) -Big issue if you fail to report all allergies Input errors... - Decrease data quality To reduce input errors: - -Educate staff -Perform system checks -Verify data -Minimize fraudulent information System Checks – -Data cleansing/ data scrubbing -Forcing users to completed "required" fields to progress -Alerting users of duplicate entries -Generating reports of actions that haven't been completed Ex: prompt to enter allergies and not fulling medication order until allergy field has been entered Ex: Drug omission report to show any medications that have been omitted Data Cleansing - The use of software that improves the quality of data by checking for inconsistencies and duplications Ex: Comparing abbreviations using software to ensure standardized language Ways of verifying data - Patient verification (verbally, on-screen review, printout review) Must verify two forms of information to verify that it's your patient Examples: -Verbally: What's your name? -On-screen review: picture of patient -Print out review: birthday, address Fraudulent Information - -Information that is entered incorrectly Results in: -Financial loss (organization, payer) -Potential negative credit reporting -Patient harm or death Prevention strategies: -Biometrics (fingerprint) -ID -Acknowledgment that fraud is illegal Data Management – -Controls the collection, storage, retrieval and use of data -Optimizes accuracy -Safeguards data Data Storage - -Can be offline or online Offline Data Storage – -CD, DVD, thumb drive, ect. -Risk: remembering to back up the files or losing the storage device Online Data Storage – -Information saved to an online network -Often the computer system will trigger you to perform an online storage -Advantage: if your computer crashes and you lose all of your data Organization Responsibilities with Data Storage – -Proper storing environment (protect from dust, humidity, fire) -Secure storage (Physical location sectury & only logical access for doctors for patient security) -Backup copy (storage at separate location) -Required data storage time (regulatory; length of time dictated by state laws- have to be saved for a certain amount of time) -Transfer to a new storage method before the data is lost (rapid advances in technology) Data Management Issues – -Outsourcing data management and storage (often more cost efficient to hire outside storage groups for data storage) -Data retrieval (Access previously collected and stored data) -Data exchange (Increased need to share client information with other hospitals; easier if each hospital communicates) -Data cleansing/scrubbing (Software that will internally clean up data inconsistencies within a system) -Data disposal (Paper charts can be shredded or burned, outdated computer data can be destroyed or overwritten) Data Retrieval Issues – -Performance (ability of system to respond to requests) -Capacity (number and size of records that can be stored, ensure that system is large enough to store it) -Data Security (Protect from unauthorized access and retrieval) -Cost (Includes hardware, software, and support personnel) Quality Information or Data – -Timely -Precise -Accurate -Numerically quantifiable -Verifiable by independent means -Rapidly and easily available -Free from bias -Comprehensive -Appropriate to the user's needs -Clear -Reliable -Convenient