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OAE Special Education Exam Study Guide
Solutions
muscular dystrophy - ANSWER✔✔-Dystrophin is missing. Muscles deteriorate. Die late teens/early 20s.
epilepsy - ANSWER✔✔-Damage to the brain leads to sudden bursts of electrical activity that may be
seen as seizures.
partial seizure - ANSWER✔✔-Aware of what is happening, but unable to stop it.
tonic-clonic seizure - ANSWER✔✔-Body stiffens and loses consciousness.
absence seizure - ANSWER✔✔-Daydreaming or attention problem.
type 1 diabetes - ANSWER✔✔-Body cannot break down sugars. Adolescence. Monitor blood sugar levels
and diet.
type 2 diabetes - ANSWER✔✔-Preventable. Quadrupled among children over the past 15 years. 46% of
U.S. children are overweight.
spina bifida - ANSWER✔✔-Bones of the spinal column are not closed properly. Physical disability with a
neurological basis. Preventable by eating a diet rich in folic acid.
spina bifida occulta and meningocele - ANSWER✔✔-Do not lead to significant disabilities
myelomeningocele - ANSWER✔✔-Occurs when the spinal cord and its covering protrude from the
opening of the spine. Severe. Paralyzed in lower body and legs, seizure disorders, bladder and bowel
problems.
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rosa's law - ANSWER✔✔-Changed the term mental retardation in all federal applications to intellectual
disabilities.
intellectual disability - ANSWER✔✔-Significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning existing
concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period, that
adversely affects a child's educational performance. Present by the time the child is 18 years old
Boys have lightly higher rate than girls.
adaptive behavior - ANSWER✔✔-Skills that are necessary for independence. Self-care, use of money.
prenatal - ANSWER✔✔-Before birth
perinatal - ANSWER✔✔-During or immediately after birth
postnatal - ANSWER✔✔-After birth
down syndrome - ANSWER✔✔-An extra chromosome is present in the twenty-first chromosome pair
called trisomy 21.
Poor muscle tone, eyes slant upwards, small ears, and large tongues.
More than half have vision impairments, hearing loss or heart defects.
An intellectual disability.
specific learning disabilities - ANSWER✔✔-A disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes
involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, that may manifest itself in imperfect
ability to listen , think, speak, read, write, spell, or do mathematical calculations.
Conditions such as perceptual disabilities, brain injury, minimal brain dysfunction, dyslexia, and
developmental aphasia.
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Boys to girls 2:1
Caused by brain injury, heredity, chemical imbalance, situations in which children live
dyslexia - ANSWER✔✔-significant reading problems
a specific learning disability
dyscalculia - ANSWER✔✔-difficulty in mathematics
a specific learning disability
dysgraphia - ANSWER✔✔-disorder related to oral language
a specific learning disability
emotional impairment - ANSWER✔✔-An inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual,
sensory, or health factors.
An inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships with peers and teachers.
Inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances
A general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression
A tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears associated with personal or school problems.
Has to occur for a long period of time, must meet one or more of the five criteria above, and can't just
be acting out or breaking rules.
autism spectrum disorder - ANSWER✔✔-An inability to relate typically to other people and situations.
Delayed speech and language development
Typical physical growth and development
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OAE Special Education Exam Study Guide
Solutions
muscular dystrophy - ANSWER✔✔-Dystrophin is missing. Muscles deteriorate. Die late teens/early 20s.
epilepsy - ANSWER✔✔-Damage to the brain leads to sudden bursts of electrical activity that may be
seen as seizures.
partial seizure - ANSWER✔✔-Aware of what is happening, but unable to stop it.
tonic-clonic seizure - ANSWER✔✔-Body stiffens and loses consciousness.
absence seizure - ANSWER✔✔-Daydreaming or attention problem.
type 1 diabetes - ANSWER✔✔-Body cannot break down sugars. Adolescence. Monitor blood sugar levels
and diet.
type 2 diabetes - ANSWER✔✔-Preventable. Quadrupled among children over the past 15 years. 46% of
U.S. children are overweight.
spina bifida - ANSWER✔✔-Bones of the spinal column are not closed properly. Physical disability with a
neurological basis. Preventable by eating a diet rich in folic acid.
spina bifida occulta and meningocele - ANSWER✔✔-Do not lead to significant disabilities
myelomeningocele - ANSWER✔✔-Occurs when the spinal cord and its covering protrude from the
opening of the spine. Severe. Paralyzed in lower body and legs, seizure disorders, bladder and bowel
problems.
Copyright ©Stuvia International BV 2010-2024 Page 1/17
, Copyright © OLIVIAWEST2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
rosa's law - ANSWER✔✔-Changed the term mental retardation in all federal applications to intellectual
disabilities.
intellectual disability - ANSWER✔✔-Significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning existing
concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period, that
adversely affects a child's educational performance. Present by the time the child is 18 years old
Boys have lightly higher rate than girls.
adaptive behavior - ANSWER✔✔-Skills that are necessary for independence. Self-care, use of money.
prenatal - ANSWER✔✔-Before birth
perinatal - ANSWER✔✔-During or immediately after birth
postnatal - ANSWER✔✔-After birth
down syndrome - ANSWER✔✔-An extra chromosome is present in the twenty-first chromosome pair
called trisomy 21.
Poor muscle tone, eyes slant upwards, small ears, and large tongues.
More than half have vision impairments, hearing loss or heart defects.
An intellectual disability.
specific learning disabilities - ANSWER✔✔-A disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes
involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, that may manifest itself in imperfect
ability to listen , think, speak, read, write, spell, or do mathematical calculations.
Conditions such as perceptual disabilities, brain injury, minimal brain dysfunction, dyslexia, and
developmental aphasia.
Copyright ©Stuvia International BV 2010-2024 Page 2/17
, Copyright © OLIVIAWEST2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Boys to girls 2:1
Caused by brain injury, heredity, chemical imbalance, situations in which children live
dyslexia - ANSWER✔✔-significant reading problems
a specific learning disability
dyscalculia - ANSWER✔✔-difficulty in mathematics
a specific learning disability
dysgraphia - ANSWER✔✔-disorder related to oral language
a specific learning disability
emotional impairment - ANSWER✔✔-An inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual,
sensory, or health factors.
An inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships with peers and teachers.
Inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances
A general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression
A tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears associated with personal or school problems.
Has to occur for a long period of time, must meet one or more of the five criteria above, and can't just
be acting out or breaking rules.
autism spectrum disorder - ANSWER✔✔-An inability to relate typically to other people and situations.
Delayed speech and language development
Typical physical growth and development
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