comp 283 final exam questions with complete solutions
A-fib (atrial fibrillation) Correct Answer Irregular beating of
the atria. Can cause pooling of blood in the heart which can then
lead to formation of a blood clot. Noted as an irregularly
irregular rhythm upon physical exam.
**No P waves
*Give anticoagulant (Heparin); monitor for PE, DVT, Stroke
*give amiodarone and diltiazem
*severe lower extremity pain
*may need cardioversion
Achalasia Correct Answer failure of the lower esophagus
sphincter muscle to relax
Dysphagia is common
Barium swallow to diagnose
Addison's disease Correct Answer A rare, chronic endocrine
disorder in which the adrenal glands do not produce sufficient
steroid hormones.
s/s fatigue, weakness, hypotension, crave salty food
(hyponatremia)
need life long cortisol replacement
Monitor for addisonian crisis
Addisonian crisis Correct Answer N/V confusion, abdominal
pain, extreme weakness, hypoglycemia, dehydration,
EXTREME decreased BP
triggered by stress or infection
MEDICAL EMERGENCY
,advance directives Correct Answer A legal document designed
to indicate a person's wishes regarding care in case of a terminal
illness or during the dying process
***can be changed at ANY time***
*Nurse role: ask about the status of an advanced directive on
admission and document, place a copy of AD in the health
record
Agranulocytosis Correct Answer Is a rare adverse reaction to
Clozapine (Clozaril) in which WBC's drop causing pt to become
susceptible to acute infections.
Airborne precautions Correct Answer Methods of infection
control that must be used for patients known or suspected to be
infected with pathogens transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei.
*private room (door MUST be closed)
*mask (N95) ***VARICELLA ZOSTER***
*gloves
*gown
*handwashing
*face shield
*pt MUST wear mask when leaving room
*disposable supplies
*negative air flow room
anaphylactic shock Correct Answer A severe reaction that
occurs when an allergen is introduced to the bloodstream of an
allergic individual. Characterized by bronchoconstriction,
labored breathing, widespread vasodilation, circulatory shock,
and sometimes sudden death.
***EPI PEN***
,Treat with bronchodilator
Anemia Correct Answer lack of a normal number of red blood
cells
anxiety disorders Correct Answer A class of disorders marked
by feelings of excessive apprehension and anxiety.
tell them that you will stay with them
offer PRN medications
aortic valve Correct Answer *heard right sternal boarder 2nd
intercostal space
heart valve between the left ventricle and the aorta
aplastic anemia Correct Answer failure of blood cell
production in the bone marrow
Assult Correct Answer threat or attempt to injure
Atherosclerosis Correct Answer condition in which fatty
deposits called plaque build up on the inner walls of the arteries
NO fried foods
NO eggs
F/U with PCP to get labs drawn
***Omega 3***
Battery Correct Answer unlawful touching of another person
without consent
, bicuspid valve (mitral valve) Correct Answer *heard Left
midclavicular line 5th intercostal space valve between the left
atrium and the left ventricle.
blood transfusion Correct Answer 18-20 gauge IV must be 1st
step
consent EACH TIME
check V/S before going to blood bank
check blood product with pt and 2nd nurse
hang Y line with NS ONLY
Transfusion time = 4 hours from clock starting at blood bank
pick up
reaction s/s:j itching, sudden low back pain, rash, fever
***STOP BLOOD IMMEDIATELY!!!*** disconnect line, pull
back any blood in IV angiocath, hang new NS with new tubing
Bronchial lung sounds Correct Answer heard over the trachea
"tubular" sound
bronchovesicular breath sounds Correct Answer normal breath
sounds heard over major bronchi, between scapula
bruises to arms and legs of toddler Correct Answer document
in chart/medical record
bulls eye rash Correct Answer Lyme disease
Car seat safety Correct Answer Use rear-facing car seat in back
seat, preferably the middle until age 2 or until the child reaches
max height and weight
anchored in the car!!!!
A-fib (atrial fibrillation) Correct Answer Irregular beating of
the atria. Can cause pooling of blood in the heart which can then
lead to formation of a blood clot. Noted as an irregularly
irregular rhythm upon physical exam.
**No P waves
*Give anticoagulant (Heparin); monitor for PE, DVT, Stroke
*give amiodarone and diltiazem
*severe lower extremity pain
*may need cardioversion
Achalasia Correct Answer failure of the lower esophagus
sphincter muscle to relax
Dysphagia is common
Barium swallow to diagnose
Addison's disease Correct Answer A rare, chronic endocrine
disorder in which the adrenal glands do not produce sufficient
steroid hormones.
s/s fatigue, weakness, hypotension, crave salty food
(hyponatremia)
need life long cortisol replacement
Monitor for addisonian crisis
Addisonian crisis Correct Answer N/V confusion, abdominal
pain, extreme weakness, hypoglycemia, dehydration,
EXTREME decreased BP
triggered by stress or infection
MEDICAL EMERGENCY
,advance directives Correct Answer A legal document designed
to indicate a person's wishes regarding care in case of a terminal
illness or during the dying process
***can be changed at ANY time***
*Nurse role: ask about the status of an advanced directive on
admission and document, place a copy of AD in the health
record
Agranulocytosis Correct Answer Is a rare adverse reaction to
Clozapine (Clozaril) in which WBC's drop causing pt to become
susceptible to acute infections.
Airborne precautions Correct Answer Methods of infection
control that must be used for patients known or suspected to be
infected with pathogens transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei.
*private room (door MUST be closed)
*mask (N95) ***VARICELLA ZOSTER***
*gloves
*gown
*handwashing
*face shield
*pt MUST wear mask when leaving room
*disposable supplies
*negative air flow room
anaphylactic shock Correct Answer A severe reaction that
occurs when an allergen is introduced to the bloodstream of an
allergic individual. Characterized by bronchoconstriction,
labored breathing, widespread vasodilation, circulatory shock,
and sometimes sudden death.
***EPI PEN***
,Treat with bronchodilator
Anemia Correct Answer lack of a normal number of red blood
cells
anxiety disorders Correct Answer A class of disorders marked
by feelings of excessive apprehension and anxiety.
tell them that you will stay with them
offer PRN medications
aortic valve Correct Answer *heard right sternal boarder 2nd
intercostal space
heart valve between the left ventricle and the aorta
aplastic anemia Correct Answer failure of blood cell
production in the bone marrow
Assult Correct Answer threat or attempt to injure
Atherosclerosis Correct Answer condition in which fatty
deposits called plaque build up on the inner walls of the arteries
NO fried foods
NO eggs
F/U with PCP to get labs drawn
***Omega 3***
Battery Correct Answer unlawful touching of another person
without consent
, bicuspid valve (mitral valve) Correct Answer *heard Left
midclavicular line 5th intercostal space valve between the left
atrium and the left ventricle.
blood transfusion Correct Answer 18-20 gauge IV must be 1st
step
consent EACH TIME
check V/S before going to blood bank
check blood product with pt and 2nd nurse
hang Y line with NS ONLY
Transfusion time = 4 hours from clock starting at blood bank
pick up
reaction s/s:j itching, sudden low back pain, rash, fever
***STOP BLOOD IMMEDIATELY!!!*** disconnect line, pull
back any blood in IV angiocath, hang new NS with new tubing
Bronchial lung sounds Correct Answer heard over the trachea
"tubular" sound
bronchovesicular breath sounds Correct Answer normal breath
sounds heard over major bronchi, between scapula
bruises to arms and legs of toddler Correct Answer document
in chart/medical record
bulls eye rash Correct Answer Lyme disease
Car seat safety Correct Answer Use rear-facing car seat in back
seat, preferably the middle until age 2 or until the child reaches
max height and weight
anchored in the car!!!!
