CAS1501 Assignment 6 (COMPLETE ANSWERS) Semester 2
2024 (731393)
What are the steps (in the correct order) that link a change in the base sequence of a gene to a
change in the phenotype of an organism like a mouse or a human?
DNA—>RNA—>Protein
Protein—>RNA—>DNA
RNA—>DNA—>Protein
DNA—>Protein—>RNA - Answer DNA—>RNA—>Protein
Genotype is to _____ as phenotype is to _____.
-DNA base sequence; physical traits that are products of the proteins produced
-gene regulation; translation
-heredity; DNA base sequence
-transcription; amino acid sequence - Answer DNA base sequence; physical traits that are
products of the proteins produced
Once researchers identified DNA as the unit of inheritance, they asked how information was
transferred from the DNA in the nucleus to the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm. What is
the mechanism of information transfer in eukarotes?
-Transfer RNA takes information from DNA directly to a ribosome, where protein synthesis
takes place.
-Messenger RNA is transcribed from a single gene and transfers information from the DNA in
the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where protein synthesis takes place.
-Proteins transfer information from the nucleus to the ribosome, where protein synthesis takes
place.
-DNA from a single gene is replicated and transferred to the cytoplasm, where it serves as a
template for protein synthesis. - Answer Messenger RNA is transcribed from a single gene and
transfers information from the DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where protein synthesis
takes place.
, How does the simple primary and secondary structure of DNA hold the information needed to
code for the many features of multicellular organisms?
-The width of the double helix changes at each gene due to differences in hydrogen bonds.
-The hydrogen bonding among backbone constituents carries coded information.
-The base sequence of DNA carries the information needed to code for proteins.
-The amino acids that make up the DNA molecule contain the information needed to make
cellular proteins. - Answer The base sequence of DNA carries the information needed to code
for proteins.
According to the original central dogma, what macromolecule or phenomenon is directly
responsible for an organism's phenotype?
-RNA
-mutation
-protein
-transcription
-DNA - Answer -protein
look @ pic for #6 - Answer 6
Which one of the following is NOT a component of each monomer used to make proteins?
-an amino functional group, NH2
-a carboxyl group, COOH
-a side chain, R
-a phosphorus atom, P - Answer -a phosphorus atom, P
What component of amino acid structure varies among different amino acids?
-the long carbon-hydrogen tails of the molecule
-the presence of a central C atom
, -the glycerol molecule that forms the backbone of the amino acid
-the component of the R-group - Answer -the component of the R-group
Which type of interaction stabilizes the α-helix and the β-pleated sheet structures of proteins?
-peptide bonds
-disulfide bonds
-hydrophobic interactions
-hydrogen bonds
-ionic bonds - Answer -hydrogen bonds
look @ picture for question 10 - Answer 10
Proteins are polymers of _____.
-hydrocarbons
-CH2O units
-amino acids
-glycerol
-nucleotides - Answer amino acids
What type of bond joins the monomers in a protein's primary structure?
-hydrogen
-peptide
-ionic
-S - S
-hydrophobic - Answer -peptide
The secondary structure of a protein results from _____.
2024 (731393)
What are the steps (in the correct order) that link a change in the base sequence of a gene to a
change in the phenotype of an organism like a mouse or a human?
DNA—>RNA—>Protein
Protein—>RNA—>DNA
RNA—>DNA—>Protein
DNA—>Protein—>RNA - Answer DNA—>RNA—>Protein
Genotype is to _____ as phenotype is to _____.
-DNA base sequence; physical traits that are products of the proteins produced
-gene regulation; translation
-heredity; DNA base sequence
-transcription; amino acid sequence - Answer DNA base sequence; physical traits that are
products of the proteins produced
Once researchers identified DNA as the unit of inheritance, they asked how information was
transferred from the DNA in the nucleus to the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm. What is
the mechanism of information transfer in eukarotes?
-Transfer RNA takes information from DNA directly to a ribosome, where protein synthesis
takes place.
-Messenger RNA is transcribed from a single gene and transfers information from the DNA in
the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where protein synthesis takes place.
-Proteins transfer information from the nucleus to the ribosome, where protein synthesis takes
place.
-DNA from a single gene is replicated and transferred to the cytoplasm, where it serves as a
template for protein synthesis. - Answer Messenger RNA is transcribed from a single gene and
transfers information from the DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where protein synthesis
takes place.
, How does the simple primary and secondary structure of DNA hold the information needed to
code for the many features of multicellular organisms?
-The width of the double helix changes at each gene due to differences in hydrogen bonds.
-The hydrogen bonding among backbone constituents carries coded information.
-The base sequence of DNA carries the information needed to code for proteins.
-The amino acids that make up the DNA molecule contain the information needed to make
cellular proteins. - Answer The base sequence of DNA carries the information needed to code
for proteins.
According to the original central dogma, what macromolecule or phenomenon is directly
responsible for an organism's phenotype?
-RNA
-mutation
-protein
-transcription
-DNA - Answer -protein
look @ pic for #6 - Answer 6
Which one of the following is NOT a component of each monomer used to make proteins?
-an amino functional group, NH2
-a carboxyl group, COOH
-a side chain, R
-a phosphorus atom, P - Answer -a phosphorus atom, P
What component of amino acid structure varies among different amino acids?
-the long carbon-hydrogen tails of the molecule
-the presence of a central C atom
, -the glycerol molecule that forms the backbone of the amino acid
-the component of the R-group - Answer -the component of the R-group
Which type of interaction stabilizes the α-helix and the β-pleated sheet structures of proteins?
-peptide bonds
-disulfide bonds
-hydrophobic interactions
-hydrogen bonds
-ionic bonds - Answer -hydrogen bonds
look @ picture for question 10 - Answer 10
Proteins are polymers of _____.
-hydrocarbons
-CH2O units
-amino acids
-glycerol
-nucleotides - Answer amino acids
What type of bond joins the monomers in a protein's primary structure?
-hydrogen
-peptide
-ionic
-S - S
-hydrophobic - Answer -peptide
The secondary structure of a protein results from _____.
