(FNP) D115 NURS 5800
Advanced Pathophysiology
LATEST OA EXAM
Q&S
©2024/2025
,1. Which of the following pathophysiological processes is directly
associated with congestive heart failure?
- A) Decrease in preload
- B) Increase in cardiac output
- C) Myocardial hypertrophy
- D) Decrease in afterload
- Answer: C) Myocardial hypertrophy
- Rationale: Myocardial hypertrophy occurs as the heart muscle
thickens in response to increased workload to maintain cardiac
output, which is associated with congestive heart failure.
2. Which hormonal imbalance is primarily responsible for the
classic signs of Cushing's syndrome?
- A) Insufficient insulin
- B) Excess aldosterone
- C) Excess cortisol
- D) Insufficient thyroid hormone
- Answer: C) Excess cortisol
- Rationale: Cushing's syndrome is characterized by excess
production of cortisol, leading to symptoms such as weight gain,
hypertension, and glucose intolerance.
©2024/2025
, 3. In Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, which autoimmune mechanism
primarily destroys pancreatic β-cells?
- A) T-cell mediated cytotoxicity
- B) B-cell antibody production
- C) Natural killer cell activation
- D) Complement activation
- Answer: A) T-cell mediated cytotoxicity
- Rationale: In Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, autoreactive T-cells
mediate the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells.
4. Which pathophysiological mechanism is the primary cause of
edema in nephrotic syndrome?
- A) Increased capillary permeability
- B) Decreased plasma oncotic pressure
- C) Increased hydrostatic pressure
- D) Lymphatic obstruction
- Answer: B) Decreased plasma oncotic pressure
- Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome leads to severe proteinuria,
reducing plasma protein levels and oncotic pressure, resulting in
edema.
©2024/2025
Advanced Pathophysiology
LATEST OA EXAM
Q&S
©2024/2025
,1. Which of the following pathophysiological processes is directly
associated with congestive heart failure?
- A) Decrease in preload
- B) Increase in cardiac output
- C) Myocardial hypertrophy
- D) Decrease in afterload
- Answer: C) Myocardial hypertrophy
- Rationale: Myocardial hypertrophy occurs as the heart muscle
thickens in response to increased workload to maintain cardiac
output, which is associated with congestive heart failure.
2. Which hormonal imbalance is primarily responsible for the
classic signs of Cushing's syndrome?
- A) Insufficient insulin
- B) Excess aldosterone
- C) Excess cortisol
- D) Insufficient thyroid hormone
- Answer: C) Excess cortisol
- Rationale: Cushing's syndrome is characterized by excess
production of cortisol, leading to symptoms such as weight gain,
hypertension, and glucose intolerance.
©2024/2025
, 3. In Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, which autoimmune mechanism
primarily destroys pancreatic β-cells?
- A) T-cell mediated cytotoxicity
- B) B-cell antibody production
- C) Natural killer cell activation
- D) Complement activation
- Answer: A) T-cell mediated cytotoxicity
- Rationale: In Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, autoreactive T-cells
mediate the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells.
4. Which pathophysiological mechanism is the primary cause of
edema in nephrotic syndrome?
- A) Increased capillary permeability
- B) Decreased plasma oncotic pressure
- C) Increased hydrostatic pressure
- D) Lymphatic obstruction
- Answer: B) Decreased plasma oncotic pressure
- Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome leads to severe proteinuria,
reducing plasma protein levels and oncotic pressure, resulting in
edema.
©2024/2025
