a. Why use Citations
1. Give credit
I. Paraphrasing, quoting, describing an idea that influenced your work
2. Self-plagiarism
I. Presenting previously work as though it was new
b. Writing style
1. Past tense
2. Reducing Bias
I. Respect individuality and avoid stereotypes
3. Double spaced
c. In-Text Citations
1. Body of the paper
2. 3-5 Authors
I. Cite all authors the first time
II. Use et.al Subsequent citations
1. (Smith, Keo & Khim, 1999); (Smith et al., 1999)
2. Refer to APA Manuel p. 177
d. Quotations
1. Limit the number of direct quotations
2. Include author, year, and page number
3. Use block quotations for quotes that are >40 words
4. According to Jones (1998), “Students often had difficulty using APA style,
especially when it was their first time” (p. 199)
e. Reverences
1. All citations should be listen
I. Exception: Classical words (E.g, the Bible)
II. If it is on the reference page, it MUST be cited in the body (APA Manual
p. 179)
III. Alphabetical order
IV. Hanging indent
V. Double spaced
VI. Notice the Capitalization
2. Mikulincer, M., Gerber, H, H., & Weisenberg, M. (1990).
Judgement of control and depression: The role of
self-esteem threat and self focused attention.
Cognitive Therapy and Research, 14, 589-608.
1. Give credit
I. Paraphrasing, quoting, describing an idea that influenced your work
2. Self-plagiarism
I. Presenting previously work as though it was new
b. Writing style
1. Past tense
2. Reducing Bias
I. Respect individuality and avoid stereotypes
3. Double spaced
c. In-Text Citations
1. Body of the paper
2. 3-5 Authors
I. Cite all authors the first time
II. Use et.al Subsequent citations
1. (Smith, Keo & Khim, 1999); (Smith et al., 1999)
2. Refer to APA Manuel p. 177
d. Quotations
1. Limit the number of direct quotations
2. Include author, year, and page number
3. Use block quotations for quotes that are >40 words
4. According to Jones (1998), “Students often had difficulty using APA style,
especially when it was their first time” (p. 199)
e. Reverences
1. All citations should be listen
I. Exception: Classical words (E.g, the Bible)
II. If it is on the reference page, it MUST be cited in the body (APA Manual
p. 179)
III. Alphabetical order
IV. Hanging indent
V. Double spaced
VI. Notice the Capitalization
2. Mikulincer, M., Gerber, H, H., & Weisenberg, M. (1990).
Judgement of control and depression: The role of
self-esteem threat and self focused attention.
Cognitive Therapy and Research, 14, 589-608.
