HESI A2 Anatomy & Physiology Exam Questions & Answer 2024/2025

HESI A2 Anatomy & Physiology Exam Questions & Answer 2024/2025 A patient who is on a plant-based diet complains that their skin is appearing to take on a yellowish color. Which of the following foods would you expect the patient to have eaten a large amount of? - ANSWER-Carrots Which of the following best describes the anatomical position? - ANSWER-Standing upright, facing the observer, upper extremities at the body's sides, feet flat and directed forward, and the palms facing anteriorly Which of the following is a byproduct of anaerobic respiration that can lead to muscular fatigue, muscle cramps, muscle pain, or a burning sensation in the muscles? - ANSWER-Lactic acid The shoulder is an example of which type of synovial joint? - ANSWER-Ball and socket Which of the following muscles is located towards the outer side of the leg? - ANSWER-Vastus lateralis Which of the following lists the correct pathway of blood through the circulatory system? - ANSWER-Right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta, body tissues, vena cava, right atrium Which of the following types of cancer would present warning signs that are identified using the ABCDE method? - ANSWER-Melanoma Where is the popliteal artery located? - ANSWER-Behind the knee A patient with a lower than normal amount of thrombocytes could be at risk of ____________. - ANSWER-extensive bleeding Which of the following is not a bone of the lower extremities? - ANSWER-Ulna Which of the following organelles would you expect to find an abundance of in leukocytes? - ANSWER-Lysosomes What is the purpose of gastric mucous? - ANSWER-To protect the stomach lining from acid and digestive enzymes. Which of the following occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated? - ANSWER-Heart rate increases, pupils dilate, digestion slows down The internal reproductive organs are located in which of the following anatomical regions? - ANSWER-Pelvic Where does digestion begin in the alimentary canal? - ANSWER-Oral cavity Which organelle is responsible for regulating the transport of substances in and out of the cell? - ANSWER-Cell membrane Which of the following glands secrete earwax? - ANSWER-Ceruminous What is erythropoiesis and where does it occur? - ANSWER-The formation of red blood cells; Red bone marrow Which of the following male reproductive organs is also a part of the urinary system? - ANSWER-Urethra What is the function of endocrine glands? - ANSWER-They secrete hormones directly into the blood. Which of the following is defined as "a group of similar cells and their intercellular matrix that carry out a specific function together?" - ANSWER-Tissues A sprain occurs when which of the following structures is stretched or torn? - ANSWER-Ligament What does the presence of antidiuretic hormone stimulate? - ANSWER-Water reabsorption from the urinary filtrate The carpals articulate with the distal ends of which two bones? - ANSWER-Radius and ulna Which bones form via intramembranous ossification? - ANSWER-The flat bones of the skull, the mandible, and clavicles Which of the following best describes the primary function of hemoglobin? - ANSWER-Carries oxygen to tissues and organs Which of the following best describes the function of the mitral valve? - ANSWER-Lets blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle Which of the four chambers of the heart has the thickest muscular wall? - ANSWER-Left ventricle Which organ is responsible for most of the nutrient absorption in the body? - ANSWER-Small intestine Continues...